AbstractThe SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) gene encodes a MADS-box gene family of transcription factors that repress floral transition. To explore the function of the Brassica rapa SVP (BrSVP) gene during the flowering time of this species, a construct containing BrSVP under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter was introduced into B. rapa via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The resulting transgenic plants showed delayed flowering time, and RT-PCR analyses further revealed that BrSVP repressed the expression of the floral integrator genes AGL20, AGL24, and FT during vernalization. Our data indicated that BrSVP acts as a negative regulator in the flowering time of B. rapa and that it may therefore be a useful genetic source for crop improvement with respect to flowering time regulation.

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In recent years, new plant breeding technologies (NPBT) have had enormous effects on breeding and the agricultural industry. In particular, genome editing technology, including site-directed nuclease technologies, has progressed dramatically since the first-generation Zinc finger nucleases to the third-generation clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9). CRISPR/Cas9 technology has yielded a revolutionary breakthrough in the accurate, efficient, and user-friendly genome editing of eukaryotes. Several methods for basic research and applications, such as knock-out, base editing, gene targeting, and transcriptional activation or repression have been derived from CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Herein, we will describe the current progress in NPBTs and also summarize the crops developed by NPBTs. After analyzing the current status of NPBTs and crop development, we have proposed potential strategies for crop development using NPBTs.

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