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감자 주요 품종의 괴경 부위, 저장기간별 글리코알칼로이드(glycoalkaloid) 함량

Glycoalkaloids Content influenced by Tuber Parts and Storage Period in Major Potato Cultivars of Korea

Yul-Ho Kim1,*, Guem Hee Kim1, Hye Rim Ji1, Yu-Young Lee2, Hyang-Mi Park2, Oh-Keun Kwon3, Su Jeong Kim1, Whang-Bae Sohn1, Yong-Ik Jin1, Su-Young Hong1, Jeong-Hwan Nam1, Kibum Kweon1, Jong-Taek Suh1, Jin-Cheol Jeong1
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2014;46(3):209-217.
Published online: August 31, 2014

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*Corresponding Author (E-mail: kimyuh77@korea.kr Tel: +82-33-330-1840, Fax: +82-33-330-1529)
• Received: July 18, 2014   • Revised: August 14, 2014   • Accepted: August 15, 2014

© 2014 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Potato glycoalkaloids (PGAs) are potentially toxic to humans at high levels, and current safety regulations have recommended that PGAs content in tubers of potato cultivars should not exceed 20 mg/100gFW. Accordingly, it is important to determine the PGAs composition and level on potato cultivars for food safety and the breeding for new cultivars with low levels of PGAs. The main aim of this study was to evaluate α-chaconine, α-solanine, and total PGAs content in the peel and cortex portions in four recent cultivars (‘Haryoung’, ‘Goun’, ‘Hongyoung’ and ‘Jayoung’), released by Highland Agriculture Research Center, together with ‘Superior’ and ‘Atlantic’. The total PGAs ranged from 16.5 to 47.7 mg/100gFW. The α-solanine/α -chaconine ratio was 1:3.2 (‘Jayoung’), 1:3.5 (‘Hongyoung’) and 1:2 (‘Superior’), whereas α-solanine was not detected in ‘Goun’, ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Hongyoung’ under the analytical condition of this experiment. 75-94% of total PGAs was existed in the peel part of all cultivars. We selected two cultivars (‘Atlantic’ and ‘Goun’) showing lower PGAs content in the cortex part. During storage at 4°C, total PGAs content fluctuated widely in early stage of storage and stabilized gradually over time in ‘Hongyoung’, ‘Superior’ and ‘Jayoung’. Thus, through the selection of cultivars and storage conditions, these results will provide consumers and breeders with fundamental information about the content of PGAs in Korea major cultivars.
감자는 전 세계적으로 옥수수, 쌀, 밀 다음으로 많이 생산 되는 주요 농작물의 하나로 연간 3.2억톤이 생산되고 있다 (FAO 2010). 감자는 영양학적 가치가 높을 뿐만 아니라 (McCay et al. 1987) 최근에는 다양한 생리활성 기능이 밝혀 지면서 기능성 식품으로도 활발히 개발되고 있다(Choi et al. 2008). 그러나 감자에는 천연독소의 일종인 감자 글리코알칼 로이드(Potato glycoalkaloid, PGA) 성분이 함유되어 있어 (Friedman 2006, Friedman & McDonald 1997), 식품안전성 확보를 위한 체계적인 연구와 관리가 필요하다.
감자에 함유된 PGA성분에는 안티콜린에스터레이즈(anti-cholinesterase) 활성이 있어 한번에 많은 양을 섭취하게 되면 설사, 구토 등 소화기계 장애와 환각, 정신 착란 등 신경계 장 애를 유발할 수 있고, 경우에 따라서는 중추신경계의 급격한 기능저하로 인해 사망할 수 있다(Keeler 1986, McMillan & Thompson 1979). 이러한 이유로 감자 품종의 PGA 함량과 섭취량을 20 mg/100gFW이하로 할 것을 권장하고 있다 (FAO/WHO 1999, Machado et al. 2007).
PGA의 주 성분은 α-chaconine과 α-solanine이며, 이 두 성 분이 전체의 95%를 구성하고 있다. α-chaconine이 α-solanine 보다 높은 비율로 존재하고 더 강한 독성을 가지고 있으며 (Friedman 2006, Slanina 1990), 두 성분의 비율은 감자 식물 체의 해부학적 부위와 품종에 따라 차이를 보인다(Friedman 2006, Friedman & McDonald 1997). 감자 괴경 부위별 PGA 함량은 육질(cortex) 보다 껍질(peel)에서 현저히 높고, 특히 녹화되거나 싹이 난 부위의 함량이 가장 높은 것으로 보 고되었다(Friedman 2006, Friedman & Dao 1992). 껍질에 PGA가 많이 분포하는 특성은 껍질을 포함하여 감자 전체를 식용 또는 가공용 제품으로 활용하는 최근의 소비 경향에 제 한 요인이 될 수 있다.
감자 PGA 함량에 미치는 요인은 생육기간, 수확 및 수확 후 관리 전 과정에 걸쳐 다양하며, 특히 가뭄(Bejarano et al. 2000), 고온(Morris & Petermann 1985), 괴경의 빛 노출 (Grunenfelder et al. 2006, Kim et al. 2005), 상처(Choi et al. 1994) 등은 PGA 함량을 높이는 중요 요인으로 보고되었 다. 또한, PGA 성분이 감자 식물체를 다양한 병해충으로부터 보호하는 자연적인 저항성(natural resistance)과 관련이 있다 는 많은 연구결과(Austin et al. 1988, Fewell & Roddick 1997, Pehu et al. 1990, Percival et al. 1998, Rokka et al. 1994, Sanford et al. 1997)는 감자의 재배적 측면에서 긍정 적인 요인이라 할 수 있다.
최근 소비패턴의 변화에 따라 기능성이 강화된 유색 생식 용 감자, 병저항성 친환경 재배 감자 등 다양한 용도의 감자 품종이 활발히 개발되고 있다(Cho et al. 2013). 그러나 PGA 함량에 대한 정보가 없는 유전자원을 활용한 감자 신품종 개 발은 괴경 내 PGA 함량을 높이는 비의도적 결과를 초래할 가능성이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 용도가 다른 감자 주요 6품종을 대상으로 괴경 부위, 저장기간별 PGA 함량을 조사 하여, PGA 함량이 낮은 감자 품종 개발을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.
실험 재료 및 시약
감자 괴경 부위 및 저장기간별 PGA 함량 분석을 위해 일 반감자 수미(Superior; SP), 대서(Atlantic; AT), 하령(Haryoung; HR), 고운(Goun; GU) 등 4품종, 유색감자 홍영(Hongyoung; HY), 자영(Jayoung; JY) 등 2품종, 모두 6품종을 사용하였다 (Table 1). 분석에 사용한 감자는 고령지농업연구센터 진부포 장(해발고도 540 m)에 2013년 4월 15일 파종, 8월 5일 수확 하고, 4°C 감자저장고에서 6개월 저장한 시료를 이용하였다. 저장기간별 PGA 함량 분석을 위한 시료는 동일한 조건에서 저장된 감자를 1개월 간격으로 최장 4개월까지 샘플링하여 준비하였다. 시료로 사용된 감자는 표준재배법에 준하여 재배 되었다.
Table 1.
Characteristics of potato cultivars used in this study.
Table 1.
Cultivars Abbreviation Registration year Utilization type Place of breeding station Cross combination Maturity
Superior SP 1975 Table food, Potato chip USA B96-56 × M59-44 Early
Atlantic AT 1995 Potato chip USA B5141-6 × Wauseon Medium
Haryoung HR 2005 Table food Korea Atlantic × Superior Early-medium
Goun GU 2006 Potato chip Korea Lemhi Russet × Chubaek Early-medium
Hongyoung HY 2007 Table food, Potato chip Korea Atlantic × AG34314 Medium
Jayoung JY 2007 Table food, Potato chip Korea Atlantic × AG34314 Late
PGA 정량에 사용된 표준물질인 α-chaconine은 Extrasynthese 에서 구입하였으며, α-solanine, acetonitril, acetic acid, ammonium hydroxide solution (NH4OH), methanol, potassium phosphate monobasic는 Sigma-Aldrich 에서 구 입하였다. 모든 시약은 HPLC급을 사용하였다.
시료 제조 방법
감자 괴경 부위 별 PGA함량 분석을 위해 먼저 흠집이 없 는 건전한 괴경을 선별한 후 Kim et al. (2004) 의 방법을 참 고하여 품종별 감자크기를 대, 중, 소로 구분하였다(Table 2). 크기 별로 구분한 감자는 일반가정에서 사용하는 필러를 사 용하여 껍질(2 ± 0.2 mm)을 벗겨 껍질(peel)과 내측인 육질 (cortex) 부위로 나누어 각각 30 g을 동결건조기(EYELA FDU-2100, EYELA, Eyela corp., Tokyo, Japan)에서 5일 동안 건조한 다음 분쇄하여 분석에 사용하였다. 저장기간별 PGA 함량 분석은 껍질과 육질 부위를 구분하지 않고 Fig. 1 과 같이 껍질이 포함된 가운데 부위 30 g을 잘라내어 동결건 조기에서 5일 동안 건조 한 시료를 분석에 사용하였다.
Table 2.
Weight of tubers according to three type categories in six potato cultivars.
Table 2.
Cultivars Tuber size (g)
Large size Medium size Small size
SP 213.7 ± 16.9z 136.7 ± 13.6 77.0 ± 6.1
AT 222.3 ± 26.7 133.0 ± 2.6 91.7 ± 11.5
HR 270.0 ± 12.0 138.7 ± 25.5 98.7 ± 1.2
GU 216.0 ± 13.1 167.3 ± 15.3 113.3 ± 3.1
HY 144.0 ± 6.9 87.3 ± 4.2 53.3 ± 3.1
JY 151.3 ± 11.0 78.0 ± 9.2 62.0 ± 4.0

zMean ± SD (n=3). Cultivars: SP, Superior; AT, Atlantic; HR, Haryoung; GU, Goun; HY, Hongyoung; JY, Jayoung.

Fig. 1.
Sampling region of fresh potato for PGA content during storage.
KJBS-46-209_F1.gif
감자 PGA 추출
감자 PGA 분석은 Friedman (Friedman et al. 2003)의 방 법을 일부 수정하여 수행하였다. 50 ml 튜브에 동결건조 한 감자 가루 1 g을 넣고, 5% acetic acid 20 ml 첨가하여 2시간 동안 shaking 하였다. 여과지(Whatman no. 42, Whatman International, Maidston, UK)로 여과한 후 PGA 추출을 위해 ammonium hydroxide solution (NH4OH)를 첨가하고 70°C water bath에서 50분 동안 추출 한 후 냉장고(4°C)에 하루 밤 정치시킨 다음 10분간 13,000 rpm(4°C)으로 원심 분리하였 다. 침전물을 1 mL 메탄올에 재용해 후 위와 동일한 방법으 로 다시 원심 분리하여 상등액을 취하였다. 최종 추출물은 0.45 μm PVDF syringe filter(PALL, USA and Canada)로 여과하여 HPLC 분석에 사용하였다.
HPLC 분석 조건 및 표준물질 제조
추출한 감자의 PGA 정량을 위한 분석은 HPLC (Waters 2695 Alliance HPLC, Waters Co., Milford, MA, USA)를 이용하였다. 검출기는 UV (2996 PDA detector, Waters)로 파장은 208 nm에서 검출하였다. 분석조건은 컬럼 Inertsil NH2 (5 μm, 4.0 × 250 mm, GL Science, Tokyo, Japan)를 이용하였으며, 이때 컬럼 온도는 20°C로 설정하였다. 이동상 (mobile phase)은 acetonitrile/20 mM KH2PO4 (80:20, v/v) 를 사용하였고, 유속은 0.7 mL/min, 주입부피는 20 μL였다.
PGA 정량분석을 위한 표준검량곡선은 α-chaconine과 α -solanine 각각의 표준물질을 메탄올(100%)에 용해 후 농도 구배에 따라 3.1~25.0 ppm 범위에서 4개의 다른 농도로 희 석하였다. 표준검량곡선을 위한 검량선을 작성한 결과 각각 y = 19632 x - 7910.2, y = 13977 x - 5187.0이었으며, 이때 결정계수는 r2=0.98 이었다(Fig. 2A). 표준물질과 하령의 머 무름 시간(retention time)이 일치하였으며, 검량선을 이용하 여 각각의 PGA 함량을 정량하였다.
Fig. 2.
HPLC chromatograms of α-chaconine and α-solanine in a standard mixture (A), and PGA extracted from the peel of HR (B). Conditions: column, Inertsil NH2 (5 μm, 4.0×250 mm); mobile phase, acetonitrile/ 20 mM KH2PO4 (80:20, v/v); wave length, 208 nm; column temperature, 20°C; flow rate, 0.7 mL/min; injection volume, 20 μL.
KJBS-46-209_F2.gif
통계 처리
모든 실험은 3반복으로 수행하였으며, 실험치는 평균값과 표준편차로 표시하였다. SAS 9.2(SAS Institute Inc., USA) 를 이용하여 분산분석(ANOVA)을 수행하고, 유의성이 있는 시료간 평균값의 비교는 Duncan의 다중검정을 실시하여 표 시하였다.
PGA 분석에 사용된 감자 주요 품종의 특성
본 연구에 사용된 감자 품종은 모두 6품종으로 일반감자 수미, 대서, 하령, 고운 4품종과 기능성 유색감자 홍영, 자영 2품종이다. 용도별로는 감자칩용(대서, 고운), 식용(하령), 감 자칩과 식용 겸용(수미, 홍영, 자영)으로 구분된다(Table 1). 이들 품종 중 수미(1975)와 대서(1995)는 미국에서 도입된 육성년도가 오래된 품종으로 PGA 함량에 대한 기존 보고 (Kim et al. 2004)가 있으나 하령, 고운, 홍영, 자영 등 국내 육성 신품종에 대한 PGA 함량 정보는 전무한 실정이다. 이들 품종의 재배가 늘어나고 있는 추세에서 PGA 함량 분석은 식 품안전성 및 PGA 저감 육종을 위한 기초자료 확보를 위해 중요하다.
감자 주요 품종의 PGA 함량
감자 주요 6품종의 크기, 부위별 PGA 함량은 Fig. 3에 나 타내었다. 먼저 품종 총 PGA 함량(mg/100gFW)을 감자 크 기별 수치를 평균한 값으로 비교하였을 때 수미(47.7), 하령 (46.2), 자영(45.7), 홍영(21.2), 대서(19.7), 고운(16.5) 순으 로 많았다(Fig. 3C). 이들 품종이 진부지역 같은 포장에서 재 배되고 수확 후 관리도 동일한 조건으로 이루어져 PGA 함량 에 영향을 줄만한 환경적 요인이 거의 없었음을 고려할 때, 품종간 PGA 함량의 차이는 Sanford et al. (1995)의 연구에 서 실증된 품종 고유의 유전적 차이에서 유래되었을 가능성 이 높다.
Fig. 3.
Content of α-chaconine (A), α-solanine (B), and total PGA (C) in six potato cultivars by tuber parts and different sizes. Vertical bars show standard error of mean of three replicates. Bars with different letters show significant difference (p < 0.05) as determined by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Cultivars: SP, Superior; AT, Atlantic; HR, Haryoung; GU, Goun; HY, Hongyoung; JY, Jayoung. Tuber size: L, Large; M, Medium; S, Small; A, Average.
KJBS-46-209_F3.gif
PGA의 주 성분인 α-chaconine과 α-solanine의 조성비율 은 α-chaconine이 더 강한 독성을 가지는 특성으로 인해 (Friedman 2006, Slanina 1990), 많은 연구자들의 중요한 조 사 대상이었다. α-solanine/α-chaconine 비율은 감자 식물체 부위, 품종에 따라 다양한 차이가 있으며 1:2에서 1:7의 범위 를 보인다고 하였다(Bejarano et al. 2000, Friedman & McDonald 1997). 본 연구에서는 α-solanine/α-chaconine 비 율이 1:3.2(자영), 1:3.5(하령), 1:2.0(수미)로 조사되었으며, 특이하게도 PGA 함량이 낮았던 고운, 대서, 홍영 3품종에서 는 모두 본 실험의 기기분석 조건하에서는 α-solanine이 검출 되지 않아 함량이 매우 낮은 것으로 추정된다. 이러한 결과는 수미의 경우 전체 PGA 함량에서는 자영과 하령에 비해 약간 높은 수치를 보였으나 독성이 강한 α-chaconine성분 함량이 적어(30.7 mg/100gFW), 독성이 자영(34.8 mg/100gFW)과 하령(36.0 mg/100gFW)에 비해 상대적으로 약하다는 것을 의미한다. 또한 α-solanine성분은 품종 및 재배환경에 따라 함량에서 심한 변이를 보이는 것으로 보고되었다(Morris & Petermann 1985). 이러한 점에서 PGA성분의 품종(유전형) 과 환경간 상호작용 연구를 통해, 고운 등 3품종에서 α-solanine성분이 검출되지 않은 것과 하령, 자영 품종에서 크 기에 따라 검출이 일정하지 않은 것에 대한 원인을 구명할 필 요가 있다.
감자 독성 물질인 PGA는 표피나 표피 바로 아래조직에 대 부분 분포하고 있어 껍질, 육질 등 괴경 부위별 PGA 함량 분 석은 감자의 이용성 측면에서 중요하다. 괴경 크기, 품종, 껍 질제거 방법 등에 따라 약간의 차이가 있으나 껍질 제거 시 전체 PGA 함량은 80-96% 정도 감소하는 것으로 기존 연구 에서 보고되었다(Friedman & McDonald 1997, Tajner-Czopek et al. 2008). 본 연구에서도 주요 6품종의 껍질부위 PGA 함 량은 전체 함량의 75-94% 분포를 보여 기존 연구결과와 거 의 일치하였다. 감자를 가공 및 식용으로 이용할 때는 대부분 의 경우 껍질을 제거 하기 때문에 PGA 함량이 껍질부위에서 높은 품종이 유리하다. 6품종 중 감자칩용 품종인 대서는 PGA 함량 분포비율이 껍질(94%)에서 가장 높고 육질부위 함량(1.2 mg/100gFW)은 제일 낮아 PGA 독성으로부터 가장 안전한 품종인 것으로 평가되었다. 그 다음으로 육질부위 함 량이 적은 품종은 전체 PGA 함량(16.5 mg/100gFW)이 공시 품종 중에서 가장 낮았던 고운(2.0 mg/100gFW)인 것으로 조 사되었다. 이러한 결과는 대서와 고운이 PGA 함량이 낮은 감 자 품종 육성에 유용한 교배 모부분으로 활용될 수 있음을 의 미한다. 또한 기능성 유색감자의 경우 홍영은 육질부위 PGA 함량(5.4 mg/100gFW)이 자영(3.3 mg/100gFW) 보다 약간 높았으나 전체 함량(21.2 mg/100gFW)에서는 자영의 42.4 mg/100gFW 보다 현저히 낮아 유색감자의 PGA 경감 육종 에는 홍영이 더 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 반면 감자칩 및 식 용 겸용 품종인 수미의 경우 PGA 껍질 분포비율(77.8%)이 낮고 육질부위 함량(10.6 mg/100gFW)도 높아 재배와 가공 과 정에서 PGA 함량을 줄이는 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Kim et al. (2004) 은 감자 크기별로 4단계로 나누어 PGA 함량을 분석했을 때, 감자 크기와 PGA 함량과는 부의 상관관 계가 있으며 미성숙 감자일수록 PGA 함량이 높다고 하였다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 감자 크기와 PGA 함량과의 뚜렷한 상 관관계를 확인하지 못했으며, 오히려 하령, 고운, 홍영 3품종 에서는 감자 크기가 작을 수록 PGA 함량이 유의하게 낮아지 는 경향을 보였다(p < 0.05). 이러한 기존연구와의 차이는 시 료로 사용한 감자의 성숙 정도 차이에서 기인한 것으로 생각 된다.
감자 저장기간에 따른 PGA 함량
PGA 함량에 미치는 요인은 생육, 수확 및 수확 후 관리 전 과정에 걸쳐 다양하다. 이중에서 수확 후 관리는 PGA 함량에 큰 영향을 미치며, 주 요인으로는 빛, 온도, 저장기간, 출아 (sprouting), 기계적 상처, 습도 등이 있다(Friedman & McDonald 1997). 본 연구에서는 감자 주요 6품종을 감자 저 장고(온도 4°C, 습도 90%) 암조건에서 4개월 동안 1개월 단 위로 저장기간 동안의 PGA 함량 변화를 조사하였다. 분석의 효율성을 높이기 위해 Fig. 1과 같이 껍질과 육질 부위를 따 로 구분하지 않고 껍질이 포함된 가운데 부위 30 g을 잘라내 어 분석시료로 사용하였다. 껍질과 육질을 각각 분석하는 방 법에 비해 총 PGA 함량은 낮은 경향을 보였으나 저장기간에 따른 품종별 PGA 함량 변화를 명확히 구명할 수 있었다. 고 운, 대서, 홍영 등 PGA 함량이 낮은 품종들은 저장기간 동안 함량 변화가 거의 없었으나 하령, 수미, 자영 등 PGA 함량이 높은 품종들은 저장기간 동안 심한 변동을 보였다. 하령과 자 영은 저장 2개월 후 가장 높은 PGA 함량을 보이다가 이후 함량이 낮아지며 안정화되는 경향을 보였으나 수미는 1개월 후에 대서, 홍영과 비슷한 PGA 함량을 보이다 저장기간이 지 날수록 함량이 높아져 3개월 후 정점에 이르고 이후 다시 낮 아지며 안정화되었다(Fig. 4). 이러한 연구 결과는 기존연구 (Friedman & McDonald 1997)에서 감자를 4°C에서 6-9개월 장기간 저장하였을 때, 시간이 지남에 따라 PGA 함량이 위 아래의 변동을 보이다 저장기간이 길어지면 PGA 함량이 조 금씩 감소한다는 보고와 일치하는 경향이었다. 또한 하령, 자 영, 수미 3품종에서 저장기간 중 PGA 함량이 심하게 변동 하는 것은 PGA 합성관련 유전자들이 활성화되어 있어 고운, 대서, 홍영에 비해 외부환경에 더 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 추측된다. 따라서 이들 품종의 경우 생육, 수확 및 수확 후 관 리 전 과정에서 PGA 함량과 관련된 환경요인을 효율적으로 관리할 필요가 있으며, 앞으로 대서, 고운, 홍영 등 PGA 함량 이 낮은 품종을 교배 모부본으로 활용하여 PGA 관련 형질을 지속적으로 개량할 필요가 있다.
Fig. 4.
Changes of the contents of α-chaconine (A), α-solanine (B), and total PGA (C) in six potato cultivars during storage. Vertical bars show standard error of mean of three replicates. Cultivars: SP, Superior; AT, Atlantic; HR, Haryoung; GU, Goun; HY, Hongyoung; JY, Jayoung.
KJBS-46-209_F4.gif
PGA 함량 정보가 없는 유전자원을 활용한 다양한 용도의 감자 품종 개발은 괴경 내 PGA 함량을 높이는 비의도적 결 과를 초래할 가능성이 있다. 이러한 배경에서 신품종에 대한 정밀한 PGA 함량 분석은 감자의 식품안전성 제고와 PGA 저 함유 품종 개발을 위한 교배 모부본 확보차원에서 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 도입품종인 대서, 수미와 최근 개발된 하령, 고 운, 홍영, 자영 4품종을 대상으로 괴경 부위, 저장기간별 PGA 함량변화를 분석하였다. 그 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.

  1. 총 PGA 함량(mg/100gFW)은 수미(47.7), 하령(46.2), 자영 (45.7), 홍영(21.2), 대서(19.7), 고운(16.5) 순으로 많았다.

  2. α-solanine/α-chaconine 비율은 1:3.2(자영), 1:3.5(하령), 1:2(수미)이였으며, PGA 함량이 낮은 고운, 대서, 홍영 3 품종에서는 모두 본 실험의 기기분석 조건 하에서는 α -solanine이 검출되지 않았다

  3. 공시품종의 껍질부위 PGA 함량은 전체 함량의 75-94% 분포를 보였으며, 이중에서 대서는 PGA 함량이 껍질(94%) 에서 높고 육질 부위의 함량(1.2 mg)이 낮아 PGA 독성으 로부터 가장 안전한 품종인 것으로 평가되었다.

  4. 고운, 대서, 홍영 등 PGA 함량이 낮은 품종들은 저장기간 동안 PGA 함량의 변화가 거의 없었으나 하령, 수미, 자영 등 PGA 함량이 높은 품종들은 저장기간 동안 심한 변동 을 보였다.

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 연구사업(세부과제명: 식용감자 glycoalkaloid의 괴경 내 축적관련 요인 분석, 세부과제번호: PJ008764032014)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 것임.
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Glycoalkaloids Content influenced by Tuber Parts and Storage Period in Major Potato Cultivars of Korea
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2014;46(3):209-217.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2014.46.3.209
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Glycoalkaloids Content influenced by Tuber Parts and Storage Period in Major Potato Cultivars of Korea
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2014;46(3):209-217.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2014.46.3.209
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Glycoalkaloids Content influenced by Tuber Parts and Storage Period in Major Potato Cultivars of Korea
Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1. Sampling region of fresh potato for PGA content during storage.
Fig. 2. HPLC chromatograms of α-chaconine and α-solanine in a standard mixture (A), and PGA extracted from the peel of HR (B). Conditions: column, Inertsil NH2 (5 μm, 4.0×250 mm); mobile phase, acetonitrile/ 20 mM KH2PO4 (80:20, v/v); wave length, 208 nm; column temperature, 20°C; flow rate, 0.7 mL/min; injection volume, 20 μL.
Fig. 3. Content of α-chaconine (A), α-solanine (B), and total PGA (C) in six potato cultivars by tuber parts and different sizes. Vertical bars show standard error of mean of three replicates. Bars with different letters show significant difference (p < 0.05) as determined by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Cultivars: SP, Superior; AT, Atlantic; HR, Haryoung; GU, Goun; HY, Hongyoung; JY, Jayoung. Tuber size: L, Large; M, Medium; S, Small; A, Average.
Fig. 4. Changes of the contents of α-chaconine (A), α-solanine (B), and total PGA (C) in six potato cultivars during storage. Vertical bars show standard error of mean of three replicates. Cultivars: SP, Superior; AT, Atlantic; HR, Haryoung; GU, Goun; HY, Hongyoung; JY, Jayoung.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Glycoalkaloids Content influenced by Tuber Parts and Storage Period in Major Potato Cultivars of Korea

Characteristics of potato cultivars used in this study.

Cultivars Abbreviation Registration year Utilization type Place of breeding station Cross combination Maturity
Superior SP 1975 Table food, Potato chip USA B96-56 × M59-44 Early
Atlantic AT 1995 Potato chip USA B5141-6 × Wauseon Medium
Haryoung HR 2005 Table food Korea Atlantic × Superior Early-medium
Goun GU 2006 Potato chip Korea Lemhi Russet × Chubaek Early-medium
Hongyoung HY 2007 Table food, Potato chip Korea Atlantic × AG34314 Medium
Jayoung JY 2007 Table food, Potato chip Korea Atlantic × AG34314 Late

Weight of tubers according to three type categories in six potato cultivars.

Cultivars Tuber size (g)
Large size Medium size Small size
SP 213.7 ± 16.9z 136.7 ± 13.6 77.0 ± 6.1
AT 222.3 ± 26.7 133.0 ± 2.6 91.7 ± 11.5
HR 270.0 ± 12.0 138.7 ± 25.5 98.7 ± 1.2
GU 216.0 ± 13.1 167.3 ± 15.3 113.3 ± 3.1
HY 144.0 ± 6.9 87.3 ± 4.2 53.3 ± 3.1
JY 151.3 ± 11.0 78.0 ± 9.2 62.0 ± 4.0

Mean ± SD (n=3). Cultivars: SP, Superior; AT, Atlantic; HR, Haryoung; GU, Goun; HY, Hongyoung; JY, Jayoung.

Table 1. Characteristics of potato cultivars used in this study.
Table 2. Weight of tubers according to three type categories in six potato cultivars.

Mean ± SD (n=3). Cultivars: SP, Superior; AT, Atlantic; HR, Haryoung; GU, Goun; HY, Hongyoung; JY, Jayoung.

Table 1.

Table 2.

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