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황색 소형 호접란 ‘SM 6310’ 육성

Breeding of Phalaenopsis ‘SM 6310’ with Mini Type of Yellow Flower

Hong Yul Kim1,2, No Eun Park3, Beung Gu Son4, Ki-Byung Lim1,2,*
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2017;49(3):294-300.
Published online: August 31, 2017

1 경북대학교 원예과학과

1 Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea

2 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소

2 Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea

3 상미원

3 Sangmiwon Orchid, 166-10 Songamri, Teangun, Chungnam 357-903, Korea

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*Corresponding Author (kblim@knu.ac.kr, +82-53-950-5726, +82-53-950-5722)
• Received: March 31, 2017   • Accepted: July 26, 2017

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  • A new Phalaenopsis cultivar SM 6310 was bred by Kyungpook National University, Korea. The new cultivar SM 6310, showing the phenotype of yellow colored mini type characteristics, was introduced by artificial crossing of Phalaenopsis ‘Brother Gold Miss’ and Phalaenopsis philippinensis. An elite individual number ‘03-06-31’ later named as ‘SM 6310’ was selected among 250 individual progenies for more than 2 years(2004-2005) intensive selection process covering excellent vegetative and flowering characteristics. In year 2006-2007, the 1st and 2nd characteristic analysis were performed through stability and uniformity test. The ‘SM 6310’ shows that flower color is bright clean yellow (RHS#:12B) and flower shape is small type with size of 5.8 and 6.1cm in flower length and width, respectively. ‘SM 6310’ is regarded as raceme flower type suitable small flower pot market. The leaf of ‘SM 6310’ is rowing horizontally and about 15.6cm in length and 7.1cm in width. This cultivar also possesses no genetic variation, fast invitro propagation and easy growing due to vigorous growth habit. This ‘SM 6310’ is registered (Reg.#:3825) to Korea Seed & Variety Service (KSVS) in 21 December, 2011 and PBR (plant breeder's right) is currently controlled by Sangmiwon Orchid Company, Korea.
동남아시아가 원산인 호접란은 양란 심비디움에 비해 소형이 며 다양한 화색과 화형 그리고 양난 중에서는 재배기간이 짧고 개화수명이 길기 때문에 농가재배뿐만 아니라 소비자의 수요도 증가하고 있다. 2015년 호접란 재배면적은 44ha로 난전체 재배 면적 164ha의 26.2%를 차지하였다. 호접란의 생산액은 21,878 백만원으로 전체 난분화 생산액 61,859백만원의 35.4%로 난전 체 생산액 중에서는 물론이고 전체분화 중에서도 생산액이 가장 많았다(MAFRA 2013). 최근에는 클론 품종의 보급과 개화조절 및 재배기술의 향상으로 고품질 분화의 출하조절이 용이해지면 서 생산과 소비는 확대될 것으로 예상된다. 또한 호접란은 종간은 물론이고 Doritis속을 포함한 속간교잡이 가능하기 때문에 계속 해서 신품종이 육성될 것으로 기대된다(Ichihashi & Mii 2006).
현재 재배생산되고 있는 호접란의 대부분이 대만에서 육성 되어 도입된 품종이다. 따라서 이들에 대한 로열티 지불이 부담되고 있다. 더욱이 이들 도입품종은 국내의 재배환경에 부적합하기 때문에 국내 재배환경에 맞는 새로운 호접란의 육성이 필요한 실정하다. 국내 호접란의 품종육성은 1990년대 초반부터 농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원에서 ‘옐로우 스타’ 와 ‘핑크 드림’육성(Lee et al. 2006a, b)을 시작으로 경기도 농업기술원, 경남농업기술원 등 국가연구소에서 품종육성을 주도하고 있다(Been et al. 2007, 2008, 2011, Joung et al. 2010, 2011, Kim et al. 2007, 2009, 2011, Lee et al. 2006a, 2006b, 2007, Park et al. 2009, Yae et al. 2012, 2014). 그리고 2008년 난사업단 발족 이후 강산난원을 비롯한 상미원 등의 개인 육성농가와의 협력체계 구축으로 재배현장에 적합 한 신품종육성과 보급이 이루어지고 있다(Hwang et al. 2014, 2015, Park et al. 2015, Lim et al. 2015, 2016a, 2016b). 2017년도 현재까지 국립종자원에 출원한 호접란은 224품종 이며, 이중 등록된 품종은 135품종(http://www.seed.go.kr)이 다. 최근 ‘부정청탁 및 금품수수의 금지에 관한 법률’ 시행으로 대형 호접란의 선물용 시장이 위축되면서 캐주얼플라워 등의 일반소비 확대를 위한 소형 호접란의 수요가 확대될 것으로 예상된다.
국내에서 육성된 호접란의 꽃크기별 품종수는 대형6개(Been et al. 2007, 2011, Hwang et al. 2015, Lim et al. 2015, 2016b, Park et al. 2009), 중형 8개(Lee et al. 2006a, 2006b, 2007, Kim et al. 2007, 2011, Joung et al. 2010, Yae et al. 2012, 2014), 소형 6개(Been et al. 2008, Joung et al. 2011, Kim et al. 2009, Lim et al. 2016a, Park et al. 2015, Hwang et al. 2015)로 중형이 다수를 차지하고 있다. 한편 소형 품종을 화색으로 구분해 보면 적색 3품종(Lim et al. 2016a, Park et al. 2015, Hwang et al. 2015), 백색 2품종(Been et al. 2008, Joung et al. 2011), 황색 1품종(Kim et al. 2009)이다. 이와 같은 결과는 논문화 된 것만이며 실제로 품종으로 등록된 135품 종(http://www.seed.go.kr)과는 차이가 있겠지만 국내에서 새롭 게 육성된 호접란의 경우 소형으로 화색이 황색인 계통은 많지 않은 것으로 판단된다.
따라서 본 연구는 국내환경에 적합하고 앞으로 국내 및 해외시 장을 목표로 소형 황색계통으로 강건하고 재배하기 쉬운 호접란 을 육성하여, 수입종묘를 대체하고 해외시장을 개척할 목적으로 실시하였다.
황색 소형계통의 호접란을 육성하기 위하여 경북대에서 수집 하여 재배, 관리중인 개체 중에서 강건하고 재배하기 쉬운 황색의 소형계통인 Phalaenopsis ‘Brother Gold Miss’와 필리핀산 원종 인 Phal. philippinensis의 우수개체를 각각 모본, 부본으로 하여 2003년 1월에 인공교배를 하였다. 모본인 Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’는 밝은 황색의 화색으로 꽃의 크기는 소형이며 Phal. ‘Taipei Gold’와 Phal. ‘Ambo Canary’를 교배하여(Fig. 1, 2) 1997년 RHS에 등록된 품종이다. 부본인 Phal. philippinensis는 필리핀 원산이며, 백색 화변의 백색순변으로 꽃의 크기는 소형이 다(Fig. 2).
Fig. 1
Family tree of Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’ was the female parent (RHS nomenclature).
KJBS-49-294_F1.gif
Fig. 2
Flower characteristics of the Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’(left, female parent) and Phal. philippinensis(right, male parent).
KJBS-49-294_F2.gif
인공교배 5개월 후에 완숙된 꼬투리를 소독하여, 호접란 파종용 배지(Hyponex 3g.L-1+peptone 4g.L-1+sucrose 30g.L-1)에 파종하였다. 발아한 F1 실생묘를 기내에서 배양하 면서 돌연변이 등 생장이 좋지 못한 묘는 제거하고 생장이 빠르고 강건한 묘를 선발하였다. 2004년 3월부터 기내에서 배양한 실생묘를 온실에서 순화하여 재배관리하면서 생장이 우수한 250개체를 선발하였다. 개화한 개체 중에서 화형과 화색 등 개화특성이 우수한 개체를 선발하였다. 그리고 선발된 개체의 화경을 채취하여 배양하였다. 대조품종으로는 ‘SM 6310’과 형태적으로 유사한 Phal. ‘Sogo Gotris’를 사용하였 다. 2006년과 2007년 2회에 걸쳐 농업과학기술연구 조사분석 기준(RDA 2003), 신품종 심사 특성조사요령(KSVS 2004)에 따라 생장 및 개화에 대한 특성검정을 하였다. 조직배양 번식율 은 엽편배양시 발생하는 PLB수를 백분율로 나타내었다. 개화 를 위한 저온감응처리는 주야간 25/18℃의 생장상에서 실시 하였다.
육성경위
황색 소형계통의 호접란 신품종 ‘SM 6310’의 육성과정은 다음과 같다. 2003년 경북대에서 수집하여 재배 중인 황색 소형계통인 Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’ 중에서 품종 본래의 특성을 유지하면서 생육특성이 우수한 개체를 모본으로, 그리 고 필리핀산 원종인 Phal. philippinensis를 부본으로 하여 인공 교배하였다. 인공교배 후 정상적으로 발달하여 성숙한 꼬투리 를 소독하여 무균 파종하였다. 실생개체 중에서 2004년부터 2005년까지 생육특성이 양호하고 형태적으로 문제가 없는 250개체를 양성하였다. 이중에서 영양생장특성과 개화특성이 양호하고 황색 소형계통으로 화형이 우수한 03-06-31개체를 최종적으로 선발하였다. 선발된 개체는 2006년과 2007년 2년 에 걸쳐 화경배양을 통한 개체증식 및 1차, 2차 생장 및 개화특 성을 조사수행하여 품종으로서 안정되어 있고 균일성이 우수 한 개체를 최종적으로 ‘SM 6310’으로 명명하여 국립종자원에 품종을 등록하였다. Phal. ‘SM 6310’의 육성과정은 Fig. 3과 같다.
Fig. 3
Pedigree diagram of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.
KJBS-49-294_F3.gif
주요특성
신품종 Phal. ‘SM 6310’은 화색이 모본인 Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’ 보다 화사한 황색(12B) 소형계통으로, 예주와 순변 이 있는 소화의 중심부는 백색으로 청량한 느낌을 준다(Table 1, Fig. 4). 이와 같이 신품종 Phal. ‘SM 6310’의 화변의 주변색은 모본을, 중심의 색은 부본을 닮은 것으로 나타났다. 소화의 모양 은 모본과 유사하였으며 소형으로 둥글며 평피기로 안정된 느낌 을 준다. 신품종 ‘SM 6310’ 꽃의 전체적인 형태는 모본의 형태를 나타내고 있다(Fig. 2, 4). 소화의 길이와 폭은 각각 5.8cm, 6.1cm 로 대조품종 ‘Sogo Gotris’의 4.2cm, 4.4cm와 비교하여 약간 큰 것으로 나타났다(Table 1, Fig. 4). 화서장은 9.7cm로 대조품 종의 16.4cm 보다 짧았다. 소화수는 12.3개로 대조품종 19.0개 보다 적었다(Table 1, Fig. 4). 또한 소화가 좌우로 균일하고 소화간의 간격이 적당하게 배열되어 있기 때문에 소형의 호접란 분화로서 우수한 조건을 갖춘 것으로 생각되었다.
Table 1
Flower characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.
Table 1
Cultivar Colorz (Petal, sepal/lip) Form Width (cm) Length (cm) Length of inflorescence (cm) No. of florets/ inflorescence
SM 6310 12B/11C Spreading 6.1±0.4y 5.8±0.5 9.7±0.9 12.3±1.1
Sogo Gotris 1C/N66C Spreading 4.4±0.3 4.2±0.4 16.4±1.5 19.0±1.9
(control)

zRHS color chart

yMean±SE(n=10)

Fig. 4
Flower characteristics of the Phal. ‘SM 6310’(left) and ‘Sogo Gotris’(right, control).
KJBS-49-294_F4.gif
잎의 길이와 폭은 각각 15.6cm, 7.1cm로 대조품종의 17.6cm, 8.2cm와 비교하여 잎의 길이가 약간 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 엽형은 난형으로 수평이었다. 엽색은 밝은 녹색으로 대조품종과 동일하였으며 광택이 있다(Table 2, Fig. 4).
모본의 유전적 조성은 Phal. vernosa 25.0%, Phal. rimestadiana 18.8%, Phal. amabilis 13.7%, Phal. luddemaniana 12.5%, Phal. amboiensis 12.5%, Phal. aphrodite 7.8%, Phal. gigatea 6.3%, Phal. fasciata 3.1%, 기타 0.3%이다(Fig. 5). 신품종 SM 6310의 유전적 조성을 모본과 부본의 유전적 조성 (Fig. 5)을 근거로 계산한 결과 Phal. philippinensis 50%, Phal. vernosa 12.5%, Phal. rimestadiana 9.4%, Phal. amabilis 6.85%, Phal. luddemaniana 6.25%, Phal. amboiensis 6.25%, Phal. aphrodite 3.9%, Phal. gigatea 3.15%, Phal. fasciata 1.55%, 기타 0.15% 로 나타났다(Fig. 6).
Table 2
Leaf characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.
Table 2
Cultivar Width (cm) Length (cm) Attitude Form Color
SM 6310 7.1±0.7z 15.6±1.8 Horizontal Obovate Light green
Sogo Gotris 8.2±0.5 17.6±2.2 Horizontal Narrow obovate Light green
(control)

zMean±SE(n=10)

Fig. 5
Genetic composition of Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’(RHS nomenclature).
KJBS-49-294_F5.gif
Fig. 6
Genetic composition of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.
KJBS-49-294_F6.gif
현재 호접란은 클론품종이기 때문에 대량 배양을 하는데 있어 서 PLB(protocorm like bodies)의 유도능력 및 생장특성의 안정 성은 품종으로서의 특성 유지에 매우 중요한 요인이다(Been 2003). 신품종 SM 6310의 영양번식 2세대를 거친 특성결과 대량생산성이 86.3%로 우수하고 생육속도도 좋았다. 개화유도 에 필요한 저온처리기간은 신품종 SM 6310이 84.1일로 대조품 종의 85.6일과 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다(Table 3).
Table 3
Other characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.
Table 3
Cultivar Propagation ability (%) Required days for inducing flower bud Inflorescence type Fragrance Growth speed
SM 6310 86.3±7.7z 84.1±6.7 Raceme Exist Good
Sogo Gotris 83.9±8.1 85.6±7.0 Compound Exist Good
(control) raceme

zMean±SE(n=10)

재배상 유의점
황색 소형계통의 호접란 신품종 SM 6310은 우리나라에서 육성되었기 때문에 국내의 재배환경에 적합할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 영양생장이 좋고 식물체가 강건하기 때문에 일반적인 호접 란 재배환경이라면 재배상 큰 문제는 없다. 그러나 동계 야간 온도가 18℃ 이하로 내려가면 냉해를 입을 수 있기 때문에 동계 온도관리에 주의하도록 한다. 재배시 온도는 20℃ 이상, 습도는 60~70%를 유지하고 개화주의 경우 관수횟수와 시비를 약간 줄이고 광도를 높여서 관리하는 것이 화색발현 및 개화수명 등 품질향상에 바람직하다.
유용성
호접란 신품종 SM 6310은 2009년 11월 9일 종자산업법에 의거하여 국립종자원에 품종보호출원(품종보호 출원번호 : 출원 2009-423)하여 재배시험을 거쳐 2011년 12월 21일 품종등록 (등록번호 제3825호)하였으며 2011년 12월 21일부터 2031년 12월 20일까지 품종보호를 받는다
호접란 신품종 ‘SM 6310’은 2003년 경북대에서 Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’와 Phal. philippinensis를 모부본으로 인공 교배하여 육성한 F1개체 중에서 선발한 황색의 소형계통이다. 2004년부터 2005년까지 2년에 걸쳐 실생 250개체를 양성하여 이들 중에서 집중적으로 영양생장특성과 개화특성이 우수한 개체 03-06-31을 선발하였다. 2006년과 2007년에 1차, 2차 특성 검정을 통하여 품종으로서의 안정성과 균일성을 확인하고 ‘SM 6310’으로 명명하였다. ‘SM 6310’은 화색이 화사하고 선명한 황색(RHS#:12B)이며, 화형은 평피기로 안정되어 있다. 꽃의 길이와 폭은 각각 5.8, 6.1cm로 소형이다. 총상화서로 꽃의 볼륨 이 있으며 소형 분화에 적합하다. 잎의 길이와 폭은 각각 15.6, 7.1cm이며 엽형은 수평이다. 기내증식율이 좋고 변이가 거의 없으며 영양생장이 강건하여 재배관리가 쉽다. 2011년 12월 21일 품종등록(등록번호 제3825호)하여 종자산업법에 의해 보 호받고 있다.
본 연구는 농림축산식품부 수출전략기술개발사업(과제번호: IPET313009-4)에 의해 이루어진 것임.
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Breeding of Phalaenopsis ‘SM 6310’ with Mini Type of Yellow Flower
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2017;49(3):294-300.   Published online September 1, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2017.49.3.294
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Breeding of Phalaenopsis ‘SM 6310’ with Mini Type of Yellow Flower
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2017;49(3):294-300.   Published online September 1, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2017.49.3.294
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Breeding of Phalaenopsis ‘SM 6310’ with Mini Type of Yellow Flower
Image Image Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Family tree of Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’ was the female parent (RHS nomenclature).
Fig. 2 Flower characteristics of the Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’(left, female parent) and Phal. philippinensis(right, male parent).
Fig. 3 Pedigree diagram of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.
Fig. 4 Flower characteristics of the Phal. ‘SM 6310’(left) and ‘Sogo Gotris’(right, control).
Fig. 5 Genetic composition of Phal. ‘Brother Gold Miss’(RHS nomenclature).
Fig. 6 Genetic composition of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Breeding of Phalaenopsis ‘SM 6310’ with Mini Type of Yellow Flower

Flower characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.

Cultivar Colorz (Petal, sepal/lip) Form Width (cm) Length (cm) Length of inflorescence (cm) No. of florets/ inflorescence
SM 6310 12B/11C Spreading 6.1±0.4y 5.8±0.5 9.7±0.9 12.3±1.1
Sogo Gotris 1C/N66C Spreading 4.4±0.3 4.2±0.4 16.4±1.5 19.0±1.9
(control)

zRHS color chart

yMean±SE(n=10)

Leaf characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.

Cultivar Width (cm) Length (cm) Attitude Form Color
SM 6310 7.1±0.7z 15.6±1.8 Horizontal Obovate Light green
Sogo Gotris 8.2±0.5 17.6±2.2 Horizontal Narrow obovate Light green
(control)

zMean±SE(n=10)

Other characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.

Cultivar Propagation ability (%) Required days for inducing flower bud Inflorescence type Fragrance Growth speed
SM 6310 86.3±7.7z 84.1±6.7 Raceme Exist Good
Sogo Gotris 83.9±8.1 85.6±7.0 Compound Exist Good
(control) raceme

zMean±SE(n=10)

Table 1 Flower characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.

RHS color chart

Mean±SE(n=10)

Table 2 Leaf characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.

Mean±SE(n=10)

Table 3 Other characteristics of new Phal. ‘SM 6310’.

Mean±SE(n=10)

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

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