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국화 꽃색 변경을 위한 플라보노이드 대사공학

김다혜, 박상규, 박보라, 이종렬, 임선형*

Flavonoid Metabolic Engineering for Modification of Flower Color in Chrysanthemum

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2018;50(4):351-363.
Published online: December 1, 2018

농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원

National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

* (E-mail: limsh2@korea.kr, Tel: +82-63-238-4615, Fax: +82-63-238-4604)
• Received: August 20, 2018   • Revised: August 27, 2018   • Accepted: September 17, 2018

Copyright: © 2018 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Flower color modification through expression of Aquilegia buergeriana F3′5′H in Petunia hybrida
    Young Ah Lee, Kyeong Seong Cheon, Ju Young Shin, Jeong Ho Kim, Bina Song, Se Jin Kim, Pil Man Park, Hye Ryun An, Yae Jin Kim, Jundae Lee, Su Young Lee
    Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology.2023; 64(4): 683.     CrossRef
  • Dramatic Increase in Content of Diverse Flavonoids Accompanied with Down-Regulation of F-Box Genes in a Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl.) Mutant Cultivar Producing Dark-Purple Ray Florets
    Yeong Deuk Jo, Jaihyunk Ryu, Ye-Sol Kim, Kyung-Yun Kang, Min Jeong Hong, Hong-Il Choi, Gah-Hyun Lim, Jin-Baek Kim, Sang Hoon Kim
    Genes.2020; 11(8): 865.     CrossRef

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Flavonoid Metabolic Engineering for Modification of Flower Color in Chrysanthemum
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2018;50(4):351-363.   Published online December 1, 2018
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Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2018;50(4):351-363.   Published online December 1, 2018
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Flavonoid Metabolic Engineering for Modification of Flower Color in Chrysanthemum
Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in plants. ANS, anthocyanidin synthase; AS, aureusidin synthase; AT, acyltransferase; C4’GT, chalcone 4’-O-glucosyltransferase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; CHS, chalcone synthase; DFR, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase; F3’H, flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase; F3’5’H, flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxylase; FLS, flavonol synthase; OMT, O- methyltransferase; UGT, UDP-glycosyltransferase. Painted colors indicated each compound.
Fig. 2 Modification of anthocyanin. (A) Basic structure of an anthocyanidin. Numbering indicate different carbon groups. (B) Major glycosyl units in anthocyanin modification. (C) Main anthocyanidins and their methylation pattern. (D) Acyl units involved in anthocyanin modification. The upper panel is an aromatic amino acid group and the lower panel is an aliphatic amino acid group.
Fig. 3 Strategies for modification of flower colors in chrysanthemum. Schematic diagram for obtaining white colored flower (A), yellow colored flower (B), orange colored flower (C), blue flower (D), and pink and red colored flower (E). Red arrows indicate the overexpression of target genes and blue solid lines with blunt end refer to suppress of target genes. Painted colors indicated each compound. Gray letters indicated suppressed enzymes and compounds. bHLH, basic helix loop helix; DHK, dihydrokaempferol; DHM, dihydromyricetin; DHQ, dihydroquercetin; LC, leucocyanidin; LD, leucodelphinidin; LP, leucopelargonidin.
Fig. 4 Flower color modification through genetic engineering of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. (A) Flower color modification of morning glory. Left; host, right; Flower of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated dfr-b mutants (Watanabe et al. 2017). (B) Flower color was changed by accumulating aurones in torenia. Left; host, right; transgenic torenia with suppression of ThF3H gene and co-expressed AmC4’GT and AmAS genes (Ono et al. 2006). (C) Blue chrysanthemum. Left; host, right; blue chrysanthemum by overexpression of CamF3’5’H and CtUGT (Noda et al. 2017). (D) Enhancing of flower color by simultaneous expression of MYB and bHLH transcription factors. Left; host, right; transgenic tobacco flower (Kim et al. 2018).
Flavonoid Metabolic Engineering for Modification of Flower Color in Chrysanthemum