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국내산 밀 전분 및 종실 경도 특성이 생면 품질에 미치는 영향

박진희1, 박철수2, 강천식1, 양진우1, 정한용1, 김경민1, 최창현1, 손재한1, 손지영1, 박태일1, 김경훈1,*

Effect of Starch and Hardness Characteristics of Korean Wheat Cultivars on Noodle Quality

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2021;53(2):83-95.
Published online: June 1, 2021

1국립식량과학원

2전북대학교 작물생명과학과

1National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea

2Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding Author (E-mail: k2h0331@korea.kr, Tel: +82-63-238-5457, Fax: +82-63-238-5463)
• Received: February 15, 2021   • Revised: February 16, 2021   • Accepted: March 3, 2021

Copyright © 2021 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Identification of Korean Wheat Cultivars Using Multiplex STS-SSR Markers
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Effect of Starch and Hardness Characteristics of Korean Wheat Cultivars on Noodle Quality
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2021;53(2):83-95.   Published online June 1, 2021
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Effect of Starch and Hardness Characteristics of Korean Wheat Cultivars on Noodle Quality
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Fig. 1 Scattered diagram of measured traits and values of principal component 1(PC1) and 2 (PC2) based on parameters to starch properties of Korean wheat cultivars (A) and Korean wheat excluding waxy wheat (B). Abbreviations are defined as Amy, amylose; DS, damaged starch, WRC, water retention capacity; SGS, starch granule size; SV, swelling volume; SP, swelling power; PV, peak viscosity; HV, holding viscosity; FV, final viscosity, NH, hardness of cooked noodles; NS, springiness of cooked noodles; NC, cohesiveness of cooked noodles, 1, Alchan; 2, Anbaek; 3, Baekjoong; 4, Chungye; 5, Dahong; 6, Dajoong; 7, Eunpa; 8, Geuru; 9, Gobun; 10, Goso; 11, Hanbaek; 12, Hojoong; 13, Jeokjoong; 14, Jinpoom; 15, Joa; 16, Joeun; 17, Jokyung; 18, Jonong; 19, Joongmo2012; 20, Jopoom; 21, Keumkang; 22, Milsung; 23, Namhae; 24, Ol; 25, Olgeuru; 26, Saeol; 27, Shinmichal; 28, Shinmichal1; 29, Suan; 30, Sudun; 31, Tapdong; 32, Uri; 33, Younbaek.
Effect of Starch and Hardness Characteristics of Korean Wheat Cultivars on Noodle Quality

Allelic variations of granule-bound starch I (GBSS1) and puroindolines of 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

Cultivar Wx-1z Pin-D1y
Wx-A1 Wx-B1 Wx-D1 Pina-D1 Pinb-D1
Alchan a a a a b
Anbaek a a a a b
Baekjoong a a a b a
Chunggye a a a a a
Dahong a a a a a
Dajoong a a a a b
Eunpa a a a a b
Geuru a a a a b
Gobun a a a a b
Goso a a a a a
Hanbaek a a a a b
Hojoong a b a a a
Jeokjoong a a a b a
Jinpoom a a a a b
Joa a a a a a
Joeun a a a b a
Jokyung a a a a b
Jonong a a a a a
Joongmo2012 b a b a a
Jopoom a a a a b
Keumkang a a a a b
Milsung a a a a a
Namhae a a a a a
Ol a a a a a
Olgeuru a a a a a
Saeol a a a a a
Shinmichal b b b a a
Shinmichal1 b b b b a
Suan a a a a b
Sudun a a a a b
Tapdong a a a a b
Uri a a a a a
Younbaek a a a b a

Flour characteristics of 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

Cultivar Ash
(%)
Protein
(%)
Amylose
(%)
Damaged starch
(%)
Alchan 0.46 9.3 28.8 2.5
Anbaek 0.41 10.0 28.9 3.2
Baekjoong 0.47 10.7 28.8 2.7
Chunggye 0.42 8.4 27.7 1.7
Dahong 0.42 9.7 30.1 1.3
Dajoong 0.49 8.4 28.4 1.8
Eunpa 0.48 9.4 29.5 2.5
Geuru 0.50 12.6 28.7 2.2
Gobun 0.48 10.4 29.1 2.3
Goso 0.45 10.6 28.3 1.9
Hanbaek 0.51 10.6 28.9 2.8
Hojoong 0.48 11.5 24.4 1.8
Jeokjoong 0.46 9.8 27.9 3.0
Jinpoom 0.46 11.6 28.8 2.8
Joa 0.47 10.6 28.8 1.2
Joeun 0.48 12.6 29.8 1.5
Jokyung 0.52 10.9 29.5 2.7
Jonong 0.54 12.7 28.5 1.1
Joongmo2012 0.50 11.0 20.6 1.6
Jopoom 0.48 11.8 28.9 2.1
Keumkang 0.47 11.3 29.9 2.4
Milsung 0.50 10.0 28.7 1.6
Namhae 0.44 7.9 29.4 1.4
Ol 0.45 9.6 28.4 1.7
Olgeuru 0.50 9.3 29.3 1.6
Saeol 0.50 10.8 29.1 2.2
Shinmichal 0.45 11.5 6.1 3.9
Shinmichal1 0.45 12.3 4.8 3.8
Suan 0.43 9.6 27.1 2.1
Sudun 0.45 11.5 28.6 3.0
Tapdong 0.48 9.1 29.0 2.5
Uri 0.44 8.0 28.8 3.3
Younbaek 0.44 11.0 26.8 2.3
LSDz 0.02 0.1 1.0 0.3

Starch properties of 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

Cultivar Average
of starch
granule size
(μm)
Water retention
capacity
(%)
Swelling properties
Volume
(ml/g)
Power
(%)
Alchan 18.8 65.9 24.2 12.0
Anbaek 19.1 68.2 27.5 13.7
Baekjoong 18.2 70.0 26.7 11.1
Chunggye 16.8 64.0 25.0 12.6
Dahong 16.9 60.4 25.0 11.8
Dajoong 17.6 64.7 24.2 12.7
Eunpa 18.6 61.3 24.2 13.6
Geuru 16.0 66.3 24.2 12.1
Gobun 17.8 65.7 23.3 13.4
Goso 16.8 66.7 26.7 12.6
Hanbaek 16.9 74.1 30.0 10.4
Hojoong 19.3 66.4 29.2 13.9
Jeokjoong 24.7 69.1 23.3 12.8
Jinpoom 21.8 69.7 22.5 13.7
Joa 16.5 62.2 22.5 13.5
Joeun 17.8 60.7 24.2 13.8
Jokyung 18.7 69.9 27.5 13.5
Jonong 16.8 64.8 25.8 14.4
Joongmo2012 17.2 67.6 31.7 17.5
Jopoom 17.5 71.0 31.7 13.8
Keumkang 17.3 67.1 23.3 14.0
Milsung 17.3 61.4 23.3 13.5
Namhae 16.8 61.6 25.8 11.0
Ol 15.3 61.1 25.0 13.1
Olgeuru 16.2 63.0 25.0 12.4
Saeol 17.5 69.4 25.8 12.3
Shinmichal 17.5 82.2 46.7 27.9
Shinmichal1 24.6 86.5 46.7 29.1
Suan 17.7 65.4 25.0 12.1
Sudun 17.4 65.6 25.0 15.0
Tapdong 16.5 61.6 25.8 11.9
Uri 19.0 67.4 25.0 12.3
Younbaek 19.1 66.2 28.3 13.3
LSDz 0.4 1.0 2.0 0.6

Pasting properties and paste clarity of starch purified from 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

Cultivar Rapid-Visco-Analyzer Paste clarity of starch
(Transmittance, %)
Peak Viscosity
(RVU)
Holding Strength
(RVU)
Breakdown
(RVU)
Final Viscosity
(RVU)
Setback
(RVU)
Alchan 3,247 2,600 647 3,871 1,271 22.2
Anbaek 3,237 2,404 834 3,812 1,409 22.4
Baekjoong 3,650 3,084 566 4,259 1,175 21.6
Chunggye 3,217 2,402 815 3,608 1,206 22.4
Dahong 3,496 2,858 638 4,042 1,185 20.7
Dajoong 3,353 2,726 627 3,665 939 21.3
Eunpa 3,369 2,712 657 4,042 1,331 19.7
Geuru 3,158 2,570 588 3,872 1,303 18.6
Gobun 3,283 2,676 607 3,750 1,074 23.6
Goso 3,338 2,662 677 3,664 1,003 21.4
Hanbaek 3,278 2,695 583 3,968 1,273 24.7
Hojoong 2,956 2,166 790 3,368 1,203 23.3
Jeokjoong 3,222 2,744 478 3,699 956 23.9
Jinpoom 3,180 2,675 505 3,861 1,186 21.2
Joa 3,466 2,865 602 3,998 1,133 23.6
Joeun 3,492 2,915 577 4,050 1,135 21.9
Jokyung 3,287 2,855 432 3,969 1,114 21.7
Jonong 3,520 2,940 580 4,029 1,090 19.3
Joongmo2012 2,900 2,149 751 3,535 1,386 23.7
Jopoom 3,636 2,969 668 4,196 1,227 23.1
Keumkang 3,034 2,442 592 3,584 1,142 22.6
Milsung 3,133 2,653 481 3,752 1,099 21.1
Namhae 3,126 2,619 508 3,603 985 21.7
Ol 3,167 2,473 694 3,755 1,282 19.5
Olgeuru 3,122 2,570 552 3,889 1,319 19.3
Saeol 3,557 2,695 862 3,886 1,192 21.1
Shinmichal 4,371 1,289 3,082 1,762 473 36.6
Shinmichal1 4,004 1,150 2,855 1,461 312 37.1
Suan 2,915 2,343 572 3,318 975 24.8
Sudun 3,060 2,562 498 3,582 1,020 23.5
Tapdong 3,434 2,850 585 4,024 1,174 22.3
Uri 3,104 2,568 536 3,623 1,055 24.2
Younbaek 2,905 2,256 650 3,422 1,166 18.5
LSDz 57 74 53 102 60 0.76

Textural properties of cooked noodles prepared from 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

Cultivar Texture profile analysis parameter
Hardness
(N)
Springiness
(Ratio)
Cohesiveness
(Ratio)
Alchan 3.4 0.94 0.68
Anbaek 3.4 0.93 0.65
Baekjoong 3.6 0.93 0.65
Chunggye 3.3 0.94 0.66
Dahong 3.3 0.94 0.66
Dajoong 3.8 0.93 0.65
Eunpa 3.7 0.94 0.68
Geuru 3.4 0.94 0.63
Gobun 3.5 0.94 0.68
Goso 3.6 0.94 0.66
Hanbaek 3.7 0.93 0.63
Hojoong 3.0 0.95 0.67
Jeokjoong 3.3 0.94 0.64
Jinpoom 3.6 0.93 0.68
Joa 3.6 0.94 0.66
Joeun 3.7 0.93 0.66
Jokyung 3.5 0.94 0.65
Jonong 4.0 0.94 0.64
Joongmo2012 2.8 0.87 0.68
Jopoom 3.9 0.93 0.67
Keumkang 3.5 0.94 0.67
Milsung 3.2 0.94 0.66
Namhae 3.4 0.94 0.65
Ol 3.5 0.93 0.65
Olgeuru 3.4 0.95 0.65
Saeol 3.6 0.94 0.68
Shinmichal 1.8 0.83 0.69
Shinmichal1 1.7 0.81 0.71
Suan 3.8 0.93 0.64
Sudun 3.7 0.94 0.67
Tapdong 3.5 0.94 0.67
Uri 3.4 0.95 0.67
Younbaek 3.8 0.93 0.65
LSDz 0.1 0.01 0.01

Correlation coefficients among flour characteristics, starch pasting properties and texture of cooked noodles of Korean wheats.

Parameter Typez Texture profile of cooked noodles
Hardness Springiness Cohesiveness
Amylose 0.91***y 0.95*** -0.54**
0.53** 0.69*** 0.06
Damaged starch -0.47** -0.48** 0.41*
0.07 0.10 0.13
Starch granule size -0.37* -0.35* 0.35*
-0.10 0.04 0.12
Water retention capacity -0.67*** -0.77*** 0.48**
0.10 -0.19 -0.12
Swelling volume -0.81*** -0.90*** 0.42**
-0.11 -0.48** -0.17
Swelling power -0.86*** -0.93*** 0.62***
-0.22 -0.54** 0.28
Peak viscosity -0.49** -0.60** 0.46**
0.44* 0.19 0.11
Holding viscosity 0.86*** 0.82*** -0.49**
0.49** 0.28 0.00
Final viscosity 0.86*** 0.85*** -0.52**
0.32* 0.10 0.04
Breakdown -0.87*** -0.90*** 0.59***
-0.21 -0.23 0.23
setback 0.65*** 0.69*** -0.46**
-0.31* -0.32* 0.08
Table 1 Allelic variations of granule-bound starch I (GBSS1) and puroindolines of 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

zWx allele desinations are a=wild type and b=null allele.

yPina-D1 allele desinations are a=wlid type and b=null allele. Pinb-D1 allele desinations are a=wlid type and b=mutant of the glycine to serine in Pinb-D1.

Table 2 Flour characteristics of 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

zLeast significant difference (p<0.05). Difference between two means exceeding this value are significant.

Table 3 Starch properties of 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

zLeast significant difference (p<0.05). Difference between two means exceeding this value are significant.

Table 4 Pasting properties and paste clarity of starch purified from 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

zLeast significant difference (p<0.05). Difference between two means exceeding this value are significant.

Table 5 Textural properties of cooked noodles prepared from 33 Korean wheat cultivars.

zLeast significant difference (p<0.05). Difference between two means exceeding this value are significant.

Table 6 Correlation coefficients among flour characteristics, starch pasting properties and texture of cooked noodles of Korean wheats.

zType Ⅰ, 33 of Korean wheats cultivars including the waxy varieties; Ⅱ, 31 of Korean wheat cultivars without the waxy varieties.

y*, ** and *** are significant at p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively