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유전자교정 기반 신육종기술의 글로벌 특허동향

고세리*, 최유리, 이주영, 장지영, 최규환

Global Patent Trends in New Breeding Technology for Crop Improvement

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2021;53(4):337-349.
Published online: December 1, 2021

그린국제특허법률사무소

Green International Patent Law Office, Daejeon, 35209, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding Author (E-mail: skohtn@naver.com, Tel: +82-42-489-8887, Fax: +82-42-489-8893)
• Received: July 14, 2021   • Revised: September 21, 2021   • Accepted: September 23, 2021

Copyright © 2021 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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    Plant Biotechnology Reports.2025; 19(1): 15.     CrossRef
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Global Patent Trends in New Breeding Technology for Crop Improvement
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2021;53(4):337-349.   Published online December 1, 2021
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Global Patent Trends in New Breeding Technology for Crop Improvement
Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Trends in global patent applications of New Breeding Technology (Total 1,119). (A) Patent applications of NBT have rapidly increased since 2013. Patent applications in China (CNIPA) reached 44% (496) of total valid patents of 1,119, surpassing those in USPTO (194, 17%). (B) Assessment of technology maturation indicated the field of New Breeding Technology as in the “Growing stage” based on the rapid increases in number of patents and the patent applicants globally in recent years.
Fig. 2 Trends in patent applications of New Breeding Technology and major patent applicants in each Patent Offices (Total 1,119). (A) KIPO (Korea Intellectual Property Office). Total of 60 patents were filed to the KIPO, and major field of technology was CRISPR. Analysis of patent applicant’s country of origins revealed that Korean applicants (KR) was only 35%. Corteva Agrisciences (US) was the major patent applicant with 17 patents in KIPO. (B) USPTO (United States Patent and Trademark Office). Total of 194 patents with ZFN, CRISPR, Multi-tech including meganuclease and ODM related technology were filed to the USPTO. Analysis of patent applicant’s country of origins revealed that US applicants (US) was 65%. Corteva Agrisciences (US) was the major patent applicant with 70 patents in USPTO. (C) CNIPA (China National Intellectual Property Administration). Total of 496 patents were filed to the CNIPA, and major field of technology was CRISPR. Analysis of patent applicant’s country of origins revealed that Chinese applicants (CN) were 85%. Corteva Agrisciences (US) was the major patent applicant with 37 patents in CNIPA. (D) JPO (Japan Patent Office). Total of 62 patents with ZFN, CRISPR, Multi-tech were filed to the JPO. Analysis of patent applicant’s country of origins revealed that Japanese applicants (JP) were only 19%. Corteva Agrisciences (US) was the major patent applicant with 26 patents in JPO. (E) EPO (European Patent Office). Total of 117 patents with ZFN, CRISPR, Multi-tech were filed to the EPO. Analysis of patent applicant’s country of origins revealed that European applicants (DE, CH, FR, NL etc) were only 32%. Corteva Agrisciences (US) was the major patent applicant with 40 patents in EPO.
Fig. 3 Distribution of patents of crop varieties in the field of technology. (A) Seven hundred ninety patents out of 1,119 valid patents of NBT claimed either a single crop or crop varieties specified, and Rice was the major crop species that NBT was applied to. (B) Patents of NBT including more than one crop varieties listed (D) rather than a single crop specified (S) in the claims were higher in numbers. (C) CRISPR based technology was the major field of technology for Rice, Corn, Soybean, Wheat, Canola, and tomato. Multi-tech and ZFN based technology followed next.
Fig. 4 Patents of New Breeding Technology of major crop species (D) by year, patent offices, applicant’s country of origins, and the field of technology. (A) Rice (D), total of 393 patents. CRISPR based technology were employed as major field of technology and 218 patents (55.5%) were filed in CNIPA. Chinese were the major patent applicants. (B) Corn (D), total of 292 patents. CRISPR based technology were employed as major field of technology and 76 patents (26%) were filed in USPTO. US were the major patent applicants. (C) Soybean (D), total of 222 patents. CRISPR based technology were employed as major field of technology and 57 patents (25.7%) were filed in USPTO. US were the major patent applicants. (D) Wheat (D), total of 215 patents. CRISPR based technology were employed as major field of technology and 54 patents (25%) were filed in USPTO and CNIPA, respectively. US were the major patent applicants. (E) Canola (D), total of 176 patents. CRISPR based technology were employed as major field of technology and 48 patents (27.3%) were filed in USPTO. US were the major patent applicants. (F) Tomato (D), total of 140 patents. CRISPR based technology were employed as major field of technology and 50 patents (35.7%) were filed in CNIPA. US were the major patent applicants. (G) Chinese cabbage (D), total of 26 patents. Both CRISPR and Multi-tech were employed as major fields of technology and 8 patents (28.6%) were filed in KIPO. US were the major patent applicants. (H) Pepper (D), total of 18 patents. ZFN based technology were employed as major field of technology and 8 patents (44.4%) were filed in USPTO. US were the major patent applicants.
Global Patent Trends in New Breeding Technology for Crop Improvement

Top 10 patent applicants of New Breeding Technology in each Patent Offices and the field of technology employed.

Applicants (Country of originz) Valid Patents Field of Technology
KIPOy JPOx USPTOw CNIPAv EPOu WIPOt Total
Corteva Agriscience (US) 17 26 70 37 40 48 238 CRISPRj/Multi-techi
INST GENETICS & DEV BIOLOG, CASs (CN) 8 7 5 30 5 11 66 CRISPR
UNIV MINNESOTAr (US) 2 5 12 4 6 5 34 TALENh
KWS SAAT AGq (DE) 2 2 4 5 4 13 30 CRISPR
INST CROP SCIE, CAASp (CN) 1 24 3 28 CRISPR
UNIV HUAZHONG AGRICULTURAL° (CN) 1 22 1 24 CRISPR
SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AGn (CH) 1 8 5 3 4 21 Multi-tech
KEYGENE NVm (NL) 2 3 3 1 5 6 20 CRISPR
NAT INST OF AGROBIO SCIENCESl (JP) 2 4 2 3 3 4 18 ZFNg
UNIV SOUTH CHINA AGRICULTk (CN) 17 17 CRISPR
Table 1 Top 10 patent applicants of New Breeding Technology in each Patent Offices and the field of technology employed.

zUS (The United States of America), CN (China), DE (Germany), CH (Switzerland), NL (Netherlands), JP (Japan), yKIPO (Korean Intellectual Property Office), xJPO (Japan Patent Office), wUSPTO (The United States Patent and Trademark Office), vCNIPA (China National Intellectual Property Administration), uEPO (European Patent Office), tWIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization), sINST GENETICS & DEV BIOLOG, CAS (Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Science), rUNIV MINNESOTA (University of Minnesota), qKWS SAAT AG (KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA), pINST CROP SCI, CAAS (Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), °UNIV HUAZHONG AGRICULTURAL (Huazhong Agricultural University), nSYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG (Syngenta Participations AG), mKEYGENE NV (KeyGene N.V.), lNAT INST OF AGROBIO SCIENCES (National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences), kUNIV SOUTH CHINA AGRICULT (South China Agricultural University) jCRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats based gene editing technology), iMulti-tech (ZFN and/or TALEN and/or CRISPR and/or ODM and/or meganuclease and/or other gene editing technology), hTALEN (Transcription activator-like effector nuclease based gene editing technology), gZFN (Zinc Finger Nuclease based gene editing technology)