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한국, 불가리아, 엘살바도르 강낭콩( L.) 유전자원의 농업 및 종자 형질 비교: 한국, 불가리아, 엘살바도르 강낭콩 유전자원의 농업 및 종자 형질 비교

이수경1, 현도윤2, 이경준3, 이승범1, 유은애1, 조규택1,*, 고희종4,*

Comparison of Agronomic and Seed Traits of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm from Korea, Bulgaria, and El Salvador

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2022;54(1):8-15.
Published online: March 1, 2022

1농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업유전자원센터

2국립한국농수산대학 식량작물학과

3국립호남권생물자원관 생물다양성연구부

4서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 농림생물자원학부

1National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

2Department of Food crops, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

3Division of Genetic Diversity, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo, 58762, Republic of Korea

4Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding Author: Gyu-Taek Cho (E-mail: gtcho@korea.kr, Tel: +82-63-238-4881, Fax: +82-63-238-4859)
*Co-corresponding Author: Hee-Jong Koh (E-mail: heejkoh@snu.ac.kr, Tel: +82-2-880-4541, Fax: +82-2-877-4550)
• Received: November 4, 2021   • Revised: November 28, 2021   • Accepted: November 29, 2021

Copyright © 2022 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Physiological Responses of Pak Choi (Brassica rapa Subsp. Chinensis) Genotypes to Salt Tolerance
    Han-kyeol Park, Si-Hong Kim, Joo-Hwan Lee, Kyeong-Yeon Kim, Jeong-Eun Sim, Dong-Cheol Jang, Sung-Min Park
    Horticulturae.2023; 9(11): 1161.     CrossRef

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Comparison of Agronomic and Seed Traits of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm from Korea, Bulgaria, and El Salvador
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2022;54(1):8-15.   Published online March 1, 2022
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Comparison of Agronomic and Seed Traits of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm from Korea, Bulgaria, and El Salvador
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2022;54(1):8-15.   Published online March 1, 2022
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Comparison of Agronomic and Seed Traits of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm from Korea, Bulgaria, and El Salvador
Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Distribution of qualitative traits according to country of origin. Legends of each graph follow qualitative trait description in Table 2. KOR, Korea; BGR, Bulgaria; SLV, El Salvador; GH, Growth habit; Cb, Banner color; Cw, Wing color; PCm, Pod color at maturity stage; PCh, Pod color at harvest stage; PC, Pod curvature; SB, Seed brilliance; SC, Seed color; SS, Seed shape.
Fig. 2 Correlation analysis among quantitative traits. DTF, days to flowering; DTM, days to maturity; PL, pod length; PW, pod width; SNPP, seed number per pod; SA, seed area; SP, seed perimeter; SL, seed length; SW, seed width; L/W, length/width ratio; 100SW, 100- seed weight.
Fig. 3 The biplot of principal component analysis (PCA) of 135 common bean accessions based on morphological traits.
Comparison of Agronomic and Seed Traits of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm from Korea, Bulgaria, and El Salvador

List of common beans used in this study

Accession No. Country of origin Accession No. Country of origin Accession No. Country of origin
101029 Korea 301837 Korea K156165 Bulgaria
103070 Korea 301838 Korea K156199 Bulgaria
103601 Korea 305226 Korea K156235 Bulgaria
104302 Korea 229451 Bulgaria K156454 Bulgaria
104587 Korea 229452 Bulgaria K156552 Bulgaria
105200 Korea 230269 Bulgaria K156577 Bulgaria
105463 Korea 230561 Bulgaria K156592 Bulgaria
105800 Korea 230564 Bulgaria 230575 Bulgaria
105875 Korea 230570 Bulgaria 230859 Bulgaria
108897 Korea 230577 Bulgaria 250143 Bulgaria
108950 Korea 230853 Bulgaria 260952 Bulgaria
109179 Korea 230856 Bulgaria 276437 Bulgaria
168098 Korea 230860 Bulgaria 305400 Bulgaria
168117 Korea 230863 Bulgaria 305401 Bulgaria
175918 Korea 230868 Bulgaria 305403 Bulgaria
180488 Korea 230869 Bulgaria 305532 Bulgaria
180579 Korea 230870 Bulgaria 328910 El Salvador
180807 Korea 230872 Bulgaria K223238 El Salvador
180812 Korea 230873 Bulgaria K223245 El Salvador
191171 Korea 230874 Bulgaria K223249 El Salvador
209143 Korea 230876 Bulgaria 300985 El Salvador
209144 Korea 230879 Bulgaria 300986 El Salvador
212057 Korea 230880 Bulgaria 300987 El Salvador
231363 Korea 230882 Bulgaria 300990 El Salvador
900080 Korea 230884 Bulgaria 300993 El Salvador
910869 Korea 237420 Bulgaria 300994 El Salvador
K041614 Korea 250141 Bulgaria 300997 El Salvador
100888 Korea 250152 Bulgaria 300999 El Salvador
103779 Korea 289266 Bulgaria 301001 El Salvador
108701 Korea K136865 Bulgaria 301002 El Salvador
112802 Korea K136875 Bulgaria 301003 El Salvador
180810 Korea K136937 Bulgaria 301004 El Salvador
185484 Korea K139667 Bulgaria 301006 El Salvador
189599 Korea K146625 Bulgaria 301007 El Salvador
208907 Korea K146639 Bulgaria 301011 El Salvador
290025 Korea K146879 Bulgaria 301012 El Salvador
301610 Korea K156153 Bulgaria 301013 El Salvador
301014 El Salvador 328884 El Salvador 328895 El Salvador
301015 El Salvador 328885 El Salvador 328896 El Salvador
301016 El Salvador 328886 El Salvador 328897 El Salvador
301017 El Salvador 328887 El Salvador 328898 El Salvador
301018 El Salvador 328889 El Salvador 328903 El Salvador
301019 El Salvador 328890 El Salvador 328905 El Salvador
301021 El Salvador 328891 El Salvador 328907 El Salvador
328883 El Salvador 328892 El Salvador 328908 El Salvador

Descriptor of 20 agronomic and seed traits used in this study

Trait Abbreviation Organ Description
Growth habit GH - 1: determinate bush; 2: indeterminate bush; 3: indeterminate upright
Banner color Cb Flower 1: white; 2: green; 3: purple; 4: white with purple dots or red stripes; 5: dark purple with purple stripes; 6: orange; 7: red purple
Wing color Cw Flower 1: white; 2: green; 3: purple; 4: orange; 5: white with purple dots or red stripes; 6: red; 7: dark purple with purple stripes; 8: red purple
Pod color at maturity PCm Pod 0: light yellow; 1: dark red purple; 2: orange; 3: green with red purple stripes; 4: green with red stripes; 5: dark red; 6: green; 7: grey green; 8: yellow
Pod color at harvest PCh Pod 1: yellow; 2: brown; 3: dark green; 4: dark brown; 5: others
Pod curvature PC Pod 1: straight; 5: slightly curved; 7: curved; 9: recurving
Days to flowering DTF Flower Days from sowing to flowering in 2-3 plants
Days to maturity DTM Pod Days from sowing to pod maturity in 2-3 plants
Pod length PL Pod Average pod length (cm) of 10 immature pods
Pod width PW Pod Average pod width (mm) of 10 immature pods
Seed brilliance SB Seed 0: matt; 3: weak; 5: medium; 7: shiny
Seed color SC Seed 1: white; 2: yellow; 3: green; 4: red; 5: red purple; 6: navy; 7: brown; 8: black; 9: pink; 10: bicolor
Seed shape SS Seed 1: round; 2: oval; 3: cuboid; 4: kidney shaped; 5: truncate fastigiate
Seed number per pod SNPP Seed Average number of seeds in 10 mature pods
Seed area SA Seed Average area (mm2) of 20 seeds
Seed perimeter SP Seed Average perimeter (mm) of 20 seeds
Seed length SL Seed Average of the longest length (mm) of 20 seeds
Seed width SW Seed Average of the shortest length (mm) of 20 seeds
Length/width ratio L/W Seed Calculated by dividing seed length by seed width
100-seed weight 100SW Seed Average weight (g) of 100 seeds

Quantitative traits of agronomic and seed traits according to country of origin

Quantitative Traitsz Mean±SDy
Korea Bulgaria El Salvador
DTF 53.9±5.4a 56.0±5.2a 49.8±3.3b
DTM 91.5±13.6a 88.9±10.2a 78.5±4.1b
PL (cm) 9.9±1.5c 12.7±2.3a 10.7±1.6b
PW (mm) 10.4±1.0b 13.5±2.9a 10.1±1.0b
SNPP 5.1±0.9b 4.7±0.9b 5.9±0.4a
SA (mm2) 62.6±14.5b 94.3±16.1a 57.2±4.4b
SP (mm) 31.2±3.9b 39.0±3.4a 30.4±1.2b
SL (mm) 11.1±1.6b 14.5±1.4a 10.7±0.4b
SW (mm) 7.1±0.8b 8.2±0.8a 6.8±0.3b
L/W 1.6±0.2b 1.8±0.2a 1.6±0.1b
100SW (g) 31.9±12.0b 43.9±9.5a 25.7±2.9c

Principal component analysis of quantitative traits in common bean, eigen values, and percentage of variation for three principal components

Quantitative traits Principal components
PC1 PC2 PC3
Days to flowering 0.37 -0.64 0.51
Days to maturity 0.33 -0.66 0.48
Pod length (cm) 0.56 0.56 0.49
Pod width (mm) 0.74 0.03 -0.03
Seed number per pod -0.46 0.42 0.54
Seed area (mm2) 0.98 0.02 -0.07
Seed perimeter (mm) 0.98 0.12 -0.06
Seed length (mm) 0.96 0.19 -0.01
Seed width (mm) 0.90 -0.19 -0.18
Length/width ratio 0.53 0.56 0.18
100-seed weight (g) 0.90 -0.15 -0.18
Eigen value 6.07 1.76 1.13
Proportion of variance (%) 55.15 15.97 10.29
Cumulative proportion (%) 55.15 71.12 81.41
Table 1 List of common beans used in this study
Table 2 Descriptor of 20 agronomic and seed traits used in this study
Table 3 Quantitative traits of agronomic and seed traits according to country of origin

Means with the same superscript letter are not significantly different (p<0.05). zDTF, days to flowering; DTM, days to maturity; PL, pod length; PW, pod width; SNPP, seed number per pod; SA, seed area; SP, seed perimeter; SL, seed length; SW, seed width; L/W, length/width ratio; 100SW, 100-seed weight. ySD, standard deviation.

Table 4 Principal component analysis of quantitative traits in common bean, eigen values, and percentage of variation for three principal components