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TCS 기반 SNP 분석을 통한 한국 밥쌀용 벼 품종의 유전적 다양성 및 구조적 네트워크 분석

이창민, 박현수*, 서정환, 박송희, 정오영, 이건미, 박슬기

Genetic Diversity and Structural Network Analysis of Korean Rice Varieties Using TCS-based SNPs

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2026;58(1):1-12.
Published online: March 1, 2026

농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 기초식량작물부 품종개발과

National Institute of Crop and Food Science, RDA, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding to Hyun-Su ParkTEL. +82-63-238-5260E-mail. mayoe@korea.kr

Copyright © 2026 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • QTL Analysis for Heading Date and Yield-Related Traits Using the Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between ‘Koshihikari’ and ‘IS592BB’
    Hyun-Su Park, Jeonghwan Seo, Songhee Park, Jae-Ryoung Park, Keon-Mi Lee, O-Young Jeong
    Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2026; 58(2): 147.     CrossRef

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Genetic Diversity and Structural Network Analysis of Korean Rice Varieties Using TCS-based SNPs
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2026;58(1):1-12.   Published online March 1, 2026
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Genetic Diversity and Structural Network Analysis of Korean Rice Varieties Using TCS-based SNPs
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2026;58(1):1-12.   Published online March 1, 2026
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Genetic Diversity and Structural Network Analysis of Korean Rice Varieties Using TCS-based SNPs
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Fig. 1 Genetic relationship and principal component analysis (PCA) of 96 Korean rice cultivars based on 2,449 SNP markers. (A) Unrooted neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree constructed from 96 rice cultivars using 2,449 SNP markers from a targeted sequencing panel. Bootstrap values are indicated at each node. Closely related cultivars such as Shindongjin, Chamdongjin1, and Chamdonjin are clustered together (highlighted in red). (B) Principal component analysis (PCA) of the same 96 cultivars using the same SNP panel. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 10.14% and 7.16% of the total variance, respectively. Hwaseongbyeo is distantly separated from the main cluster. (C) PCA performed after excluding the Hwaseongbyeo identified in panel (B), resulting in a clearer distribution and separation among the remaining 95 cultivars.
Fig. 2 Pairwise genetic similarity analysis of rice varieties. A heatmap visualizing the pairwise genetic similarities (%) among 96 domestic rice varieties, calculated using 2,565 targeted capture sequencing markers. Rows and columns represent the major and all varieties, respectively. The color gradient indicates the similarity level: lighter shades (yellow) represent higher similarity, while darker shades (blue) represent lower similarity, as shown in the scale bar. The diagonal line of 100% similarity confirms the identity of the same varieties.
Fig. 3 Genetic network analysis and classification of Korean rice varieties. The network structure of 96 Korean rice varieties was constructed based on a genetic similarity threshold of 85%. The analysis revealed eight distinct communities (0-7) and the overall structure follows a Core-Periphery Model. The size of each node revealed its filtered degree centrality, indicating its functional importance within the network.
Genetic Diversity and Structural Network Analysis of Korean Rice Varieties Using TCS-based SNPs

Summary of genetic diversity indices of Korean rice varieties by year group.

Group Ho He Na Ne PIC
Overall 0.008 0.213 59.21 1.27 0.168
1950s-1960s 0.001 0.095 1.22 1.11 0.072
1980s 0.056 0.167 2.58 1.20 0.132
1990s 0.019 0.207 5.70 1.26 0.163
2000s 0.003 0.199 14.48 1.25 0.158
2010s 0.004 0.207 20.07 1.26 0.163
2020s 0.005 0.195 15.73 1.24 0.155

Genetic similarity statistics of Korean rice varieties and detailed analysis for major varieties.

No. Major variety Avg. (%) (Range) Genetically Similar Varieties
1 Junam 81.5 (63.8-99.9) Dongjin2 (99.9), Hopum (97.0), Saebonghwang (95), Daebo (94.5), Chindeul (94.3), etc.
2 Hwayeongbyeo 80.6 (65-93.6) Chamjinmi (93.6), Sobi (92.2), Pyeongan (89.6), Sindongjin (89.4), Cheongpum (89.0), etc.
3 Sindongjin 80.5 (63.5-97.9) Chamdongjin (97.9), Dami (97.2), Sindongjin1 (95.3), Dangchanjinmi (94.5), Pyeongan (93.3), etc.
4 Boramchan 80.5 (65.2-97.7) Jeonju699 (97.7), Hwanggeumnodeul (96.1), Amissal (93.4), Junam (89.2), Dongjin2 (89.2), etc.
5 Sukwang 80.0 (64.7-93.6) Sukwang1 (93.6), Hopum (89.2), Junam (88.9), Dongjin2 (88.9), Pyeongan (88.6), etc.
6 Younghojinmi 79.5 (70.0-88.7) Junam (88.7), Dongjin2 (88.7), Jeonju697 (87), Hopum (86.4), Hitomebore (85.9), etc.
7 Samkwang 78.3 (65.0-99.9) Samkwang2 (99.9), Chamdream (98.1), Samkwang1 (94.2), Chamjinmi (93.9), Cheongpum (92.0), etc.
8 Chilbo 77.9 (64.1-88.8) Alchanmi (88.8), Saechilbo (88.5), Hitomebore (87.3), Koshihikari (86.7), Younghojinmi (84.7), etc.
9 Saenuri 77.0 (67.9-98.0) JJ624LOX (98.0), Saecheongmu (93.1), Youngjin (91.0), Namchan (89.6), Jeonju700 (87.5), etc.
10 Unkwang 76.9 (59.7-95.2) IS592BB (95.2), Jodam (90.7), Haedamssal (87.0), Sodami (86.6), Jinkwang (86.0), etc.
11 Koshihikari 76.9 (65.8-95.1) Hitomebore (95.1), Geumobyeo (87.7), Odaebyeo (87.2), Jinbubyeo (86.9), Chilbo (86.7), etc.
12 Saeilmi 76.8 (67.6-97.3) Gamtan (97.3), Ilmibyeo (95.8), Anpyeong (90.8), Misojinpum (90.7), Dongjinbyeo (86.7), etc.
13 Ilpumbyeo 76.7 (65.2-95.4) Saeilpum (95.4), Odae1ho (89.6), Jinbubyeo (83.4), Odaebyeo (83.3), Koshihikari (82.9), etc.
14 Dongjin 75.5 (68.7-87.5) Ilmibyeo (87.5), Saeilmi (86.7), Gamtan (84.7), Donganbyeo (82.9), Misojinpum (82.4), etc.
15 Ilmibyeo 75.1 (67.6-95.8) Saeilmi (95.8), Gamtan (93.1), Dongjinbyeo (87.5), Misojinpum (87.5), Donganbyeo (87.1), etc.
16 Odaebyeo 75.0 (64.5-91.3) Geumobyeo (91.3), Koshihikari (87.2), Joil (86.2), Hitomebore (85.8), Jinbubyeo (84.3), etc.
17 Saeodae 72.4 (60.4-86.8) Saeodae1ho (86.8), Geumobyeo (82.8), Odaebyeo (81.4), Joil (78.5), Jopyeong (77.6), etc.
All 96 varieties 77.7 (59.7-99.9) -
Table 1 Summary of genetic diversity indices of Korean rice varieties by year group.

Ho: Observed Heterozygosity, He: Expected Heterozygosity, Na: Number of Alleles, Ne: Effective Number of Alleles, PIC: Polymorphic Information Content.

Table 2 Genetic similarity statistics of Korean rice varieties and detailed analysis for major varieties.