In this study, phenotypic distribution of 15 major fruit quality traits were analyzed using 252 progenies derived from a cross between ‘Tano Red’ (seed) and ‘Ruby Seedless’ (seedless), to obtain basic data for improving the breeding efficiency of grapevine cultivars. Berry skin color was dark red-violet in 46.4% of the progenies, which is the color of ‘Tano Red’ and ‘Ruby Seedless’, and berry shape was elliptic in 48.4%. Most of the progenies were very juicy with soft flesh, and closely related to the characteristics of ‘Tano Red’. Seeds were well developed in 67.1% of the progenies, rudimentary in 30.1%, and 2.8% were seedless, with seed weight being less than 0.15 g in 84.9% of the progenies. Among the 15 fruit quality traits assessed, bunch density, ease of berry detachment from pedicel, berry weight, berry seed number, berry longitudinal diameter, berry transverse diameter, berry soluble solids, and berry acidity showed normal distributions. Heritability of berry weight, berry longitudinal diameter, berry transverse diameter, berry soluble solids, and berry acidity was 0.89, 0.82, 0.78, 0.86, and 0.93, respectively. Berry weight was positively correlated with seed weight (r = 0.486^**), presence of seeds (r = 0.483^**), and seed number (r = 0.211^**). Seed weight significantly increased with presence of seeds (r = 0.607^**) and seed number (r = 0.725^**). In addition, presence of seeds was positively correlated with seed number (r = 0.319^**). These results could be useful for the identification of quantitative trait loci associated with fruit quality to assist in grapevine breeding.

Genetically modified (GM) crops have been developed worldwide through the recombinant DNA technology and commercialized by various agricultural biotechnology companies. Commercialization of GM crops will be required the assessment of risk associated with the release of GM crops. The purpose of this research is a molecular characterization of introduced T-DNA in transgenic rice T4~T6 generation lines harboring a pepper MsrB2 gene under the control of stress inducible Rab21 promoter, as a part of biosafety evaluation for drought-tolerant transgenic rice (Agb0103). We identified the structure and sequence of transformation vector of T-DNA and analyzed insertion sites, flanking sequences, and generational stability of inserted T-DNA in transgenic rice lines. The transformation vector was consisted of right border, a drought-tolerant CaMsrB2 gene unit (Rab21 promoter:CaMsrB2:PinII terminator), a selectable marker herbicide resistance unit (CaMV 35S promoter:bar:Nos terminator), and left border in sequential order. Based on the adaptor-ligation PCR and whole genome sequence database, we confirmed that T-DNA was introduced 2 copies (head to head type) at the position of 2,471,957∼ 2,472,049 bp of chromosome No. 8. From the generational stability study, T-DNAs were stably inherited through the T4 to T6 generations, and also stable expression of bar gene from T-DNA was confirmed. It was also confirmed that the backbone DNA of transformation vector containing antibacterial gene was not present in Agb0103 rice genome. These results will be filed to biosafety assessment document of Agb0103.