‘Aram’ is a high-quality, medium-late maturing rice variety adapted to the Gyeongnam province. It was developed through a cross between, ‘Yeonghojinmi,’ a good quality cultivar, and ‘Saenuri,’ a disease-resistant cultivar, in 2016. Anther culture was used for developing ‘Aram’. Its average heading date was August 16, which is 2 days later than that of the check cultivar, ‘Nampyeong’. The culm length of ‘Aram’ was 82.3 cm, and it had 17 panicles per hill. The ratio of ripened grain was 85%, which was 3% higher than that of ‘Nampyeong’. ‘Aram’ shows resistance to bacterial blight and rice stripe virus and moderate resistance to bakanae disease. However, it is susceptible to the K3a race of bacterial blight, other viral diseases, and plant-hoppers. ‘Aram’ has strong resistance to viviparous germination (4.9%) before harvest, and it shows strong resistance against field lodging. ‘Aram’ has a milling ratio of 74.6%; in addition, it has a high head-rice ratio and Toyo value. In the sensory test of cooked rice, ‘Aram’ had better scores for grain appearance, texture, and other items, compared to that for the check cultivar, ‘Nampyeong’. Therefore, ‘Aram’ could be used as a raw material for brand rice in Gyeongnam province because of its improved production stability and high quality (Registration No. 9628).

This study was conducted to reset the transplanting period to produce high-quality rice in the South regions due to the rise in air temperature caused by global warming. From May 15 to June 25, transplants were performed five times every ten days. Quantity and quality were comprehensively reviewed, including watering season, ripened grain rate, head rice rate, head rice yield, protein content, and palatability. In the southern plains, medium-late and medium maturing cultivars yielded the most when transplanted on June 15, while early maturing cultivars yielded the most when transplanted on June 25. Considering the quality and quantity of rice, the optimal transplanting window for medium-late maturing cultivars is June 10-15, for medium maturing cultivars it is June 15-20, and for early maturing cultivars it is June 25. In the middle of the southern region, the highest yield was on June 25 for medium-late maturing and June 15 for medium maturing and early maturing. However, considering the quality, the best time for transplanting is June 10 for medium-late maturing, June 5 for medium maturing, and June 15 for early maturing. As a result of the rise in average temperature, the transplantation period was delayed by at least 4 to 16 days in all varieties and regions relative to the traditional transplantation duration. In summary, it is determined that a suitable transplanting period must be established in response to the increase in average temperature to ensure the production of high-quality rice.

‘Sangbo’ is a japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety with high head rice grain ratio and good ripened grain color, as well as resistance to rice dwarf virus (RDV) and bacterial blight disease (BB). It was developed by the rice breeding team of the Yeongdeok Branch of the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Korea, in 2015. This variety was derived in the 2002 summer season from a cross between ‘Yeongdeog32’, with high eating quality, and ‘Nampyeong’, with a high milling ratio. In 2012, a promising line, YR24256-142-5-3-1-1-2, selected by the pedigree breeding method, was designated the name, ‘Yeongdeog59’. After performing a local adaptability test at nine locations from 2013 to 2015, ‘Yeongdeog59’ was released with the name ‘Sangbo’ in 2015. ‘Sangbo’ has a culm length of 77 cm and a medium-late growth duration. This variety was resistant to K1, K2, and K3 races of bacterial blight, along with the dwarf virus, and was moderately resistant to leaf blast disease. Based on the results of a panel test, ‘Sangbo’ has translucent and clear milled rice kernel without white core and belly rice, and good eating quality. The yield potential of ‘Sangbo’ in milled rice was approximately 6.21 MT/ha at the ordinary fertilizer level of the local adaptability test (LAT). This cultivar would be adaptable to the middle plain, south plain, Yeongnam plain, east coastal area, and south mid-mountainous areas of Korea (Registration No. 7284, 2018.06.25).

Oryza sativa ‘Sinbo’ is a cultivar of japonica rice with good eating quality as well as resistance to rice dwarf virus (RDV) and bacterial blight disease (BB). It was developed in 2013 by the rice breeding team of Yeongdeok Branch, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Korea. This cultivar was derived from a cross between ‘Yeongdeog34‘, a cultivar with good eating quality, and ‘Saekyehwa’, a cultivar of a good plant type, in summer of 2002. A promising line (YR24264-25-3-2) selected using the pedigree breeding method was designated as ‘Yeongdeog55’ in 2010. After carrying out the local adaptability test at nine locations from 2011 to 2013, ‘Yeongdeog55’ was published under the name of ‘Sinbo’ in 2013. ‘Sinbo’ is a medium-late maturing cultivar with a short culm length of 70 cm. This cultivar is resistant to K1, K2, and K3 races of bacterial blight as well as to dwarf virus, and it is moderately resistant to leaf blast disease. The results of the panel test indicated that ‘Sinbo’ has translucent and clear milled rice kernel without white core and belly rice as well as good eating quality. The yield potential of ‘Sinbo’ was approximately 5.67 MT/ha at the ordinary fertilizer level in the local adaptability test (LAT). This cultivar could be adaptable to the middle plain, south plain, Yeongnam plain, east costal area, and south mid-mountainous area of South Korea. (Registration No. 5643)