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개화 균일성이 좋은 내도복성 유채 중간모본 ‘중모 7002’

A Rapeseed Intermediate Parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ with Flowering Uniformity and Lodging Tolerance

Kwang-Soo Kim1,*, Young-Seok Jang1, Yong-Hwa Lee1, Tae-Cheol Seo1, Kyu-Hwan Choi2, Dal-Soon Kang3, Seong-Taek Kim4, Kyeong-Bo Lee1
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2015;47(3):276-280.
Published online: August 31, 2015

1 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소

1 Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, NICS, RDA, Muan, 534-833, Korea

2 전라북도농업기술원

2 Jeollabuk-do Agricultural research & Extension Services, Iksan, 570-740, Korea

3 경상남도농업기술원

3 Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural research & Extension Services, Jinju-si, 660-985, Korea

4 제주특별자치도농업기술원

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*Corresponding author (ajuga@korea.kr, Tel: +82-61-450-0133, Fax: 82-61-453-0085)
• Received: April 30, 2015   • Revised: July 23, 2015   • Accepted: July 28, 2015

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  • ‘Jungmo 7002’ is a intermediate parent of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with flowering uniformity and lodging tolerance for the scenery and oil production. ‘Jungmo 7002’ was developed from the cross between ‘RS10//Erra/Tower’ as female parent and ‘RS10’ as male parent in 1984. A promising line, ‘84013-B-6-3-3-6’, was selected and designated as the name of ‘Mokpo116’. It was prominent and had good result from regional adaptation yield trials (RYT) for three years from 2011 to 2013 and was released as the name of ‘Jungmo 7002’. ‘Jungmo 7002’ has middle parted and dark-green leaf, Brownish-green stem, yellowish flower and black seed coat. The flowering date of ‘Jungmo 7002’ was 16th April and ripening date was 9th June. The yield of ‘Jungmo 7002’ was 247 kg/10a, which was 19% higher than ‘Hanlayuchae’ in regional adaptation trials. This intermediate parent showed high resistance to lodging tolerance. The oil content of ‘Jungmo 7002’ was 44.3%. In fatty acid composition of ‘Jungmo 7002’ , oleic acid content is 70.8%, which is 3.3% higher than ‘Hanlayuchae’. And ‘Jungmo 7002’ has no erucic acid. ‘Jungmo 7002’ will be adaptable to southwestern area including Jeonllanam-do, Jeollabuk-do and Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeju island of Korea.
유채(Brassica napus L.)는 십자화과(cruciferae)에 속하는 작물로서 종실을 착유하여 기름을 식용유로 주로 이용하며, 유채 꽃이 필 때는 경관과 밀원용으로, 어린 잎과 식물 전초 는 잎채소로 이용되며, 착유 후의 유채박은 단백질이 풍부한 사료로 이용되고 있다(Kim et al. 2007). 또한 유채기름은 단 일불포화지방산인 올레인산이 풍부하여 친환경에너지인 바이 오디젤의 원료로서 각광을 받고 있다(Jang et al. 2010, Qiu et al. 2011, Ramos et al. 2009). 또한 최근에는 유채 재배가 가능한 우리나라의 남부지방뿐만 아니라 중부지방의 일부 지 역자치단체에서도 봄철 유채꽃 개화시기에 맞추어 축제를 개 최하여 관광객들의 유치를 통해 지역사회와 지역 농민의 소 득을 높이고자 유휴지, 둔치 및 근린공원 등에 유채를 재배하 고 있어, 유채의 재배 면적이 점차적으로 증가하고 있다. 지금 까지의 국내 유채 육종은 주로 수량의 증가를 목적으로 잡종 강세를 이용한 1대잡종의 개발(Jang et al. 2002, Lee et al. 2011)에 대한 연구가 주로 진행되어 왔으나, 최근에 경관용 유채의 재배면적이 크게 증가함에 따라 경관용에 적합한 유 채의 품종개발에 대한 요구 또한 높아 경관용으로 이용할 수 있는 유채 품종개발이 필요한 시기이다. 경관용 유채는 꽃이 크고 탐스러우며 개화가 균일해야 하며, 개화지속기간이 길며 도복에 강해야 한다(Kim et al. 2014). 이에 따라 개화가 균 일하고 도복에 강한 특성을 갖춘 중간모본 ‘중모 7002’를 개 발하였고, 이는 개화가 균일하고 개화 기간이 길며 내도복성 이 강한 특성을 갖는 경관용 유채 품종의 개발에 있어 중간모 본으로서 활용가치가 충분히 있다고 판단되어 육성경위와 주 요 특성을 보고하고자 한다.
유채 ‘중모 7002’는 2009년과 2010년 2년에 걸쳐 전남 무 안의 바이오에너지작물연구소 포장에서 생산력검정시험을 실 시한 후, 2011년부터 2013년까지 3년간 우리나라의 남부지 역인 무안(전남), 익산(전북), 진주(경남) 및 애월(제주) 등 4 개 지역에서 고정품종인 ‘한라유채’(Rho et al. 1986)을 대조 품종으로하여 지역적응시험을 실시하였다. 각 지역에서의 파 종은 10월 15일 전후에 파폭 120 cm, 휴간 40 cm으로 하여 조파하였고, 시험구는 난괴법 3반복으로 배치하였다. 파종 후 충분한 관수를 실시하여 일정한 발아를 유도하였고, 시비는 기비로 N-P2O5-K2O-석회 = 10-40-13-100 kg/1,000m 2과 퇴 비를 ha당 10 ton을 시용하였다. 추비는 생육재생기인 2월말 에 10 a당 질소 10 kg를 시용하였다. 지역적응시험 기간 동안 고유특성과 가변특성을 조사하였으며, 잎색 및 모양, 화색, 종 피색, 추대기, 개화기 및 결실기, 내병성, 도복저항성, 수량성, 종자 내의 기름함유량, 지방산의 조성 및 글루코시놀레이트의 함량 등을 분석하였다.
육성경위
개화가 균일하고 도복에 강하여 경관용으로 적합한 유채 품종의 개발을 위해 1984년에 ‘RS10//Erra/Tower’를 모본으 로, ‘RS10’을 부본으로 인공교배하여 교배하여 F1을 양성한 후 개화시기가 빠르고 균일하며 도복저항성이 높은 특징을 갖는 우량계통인 ‘84013-B-6-3-3-6’을 선발하였다(Fig. 1). 선발한 ‘84013-B-6-3-3-6’는 2년간의 생산력검정(2009~2010) 시험과, 3년간(2011~2013)지역적응시험을 실시한 결과, 이 형주가 발생하지 않았고 균일성과 안정성이 있는 것으로 판 단되었으며, 대비 품종인 ‘한라유채’와 비교하여 개화시기에 개화 균일도가 높고, 도복에 강한 특성을 나타내 우수한 계통 으로 생각되어 ‘중모 7002’로 명명하고 2014년에 국립종자관 리원에 품종보호를 출원하였다.
Fig. 1.
Pedigree diagram of ‘Jungmo 7002’.
KJBS-47-276_F1.gif
고유 및 농업적 특성
‘중모 7002’의 잎의 형태는 ‘한라유채’와 비슷하여 하부익 상전렬이고 결각은 중간이며 꽃의 색은 황색, 종피색은 흑색 이다. 그러나 잎색과 화경의 색은 ‘한라유채’가 녹색인 반면, ‘중모 7002’의 잎색은 보다 진한 농록색이고 화경은 자색이 섞인 녹색으로 구별된다(Table 1). ‘중모 7002’의 추대기는 3 월 25일, 개화시작일은 4월 16일이며, 성숙기는 6월 9일로 ‘한라유채’와 거의 비슷하다. ‘중모 7002’의 초장은 124 cm 로 ‘한라유채’의 105 cm에 비해 19 cm 정도 크고, 수장 또한 45 cm로 ‘한라유채’보다 7 cm 정도 길었다(Fig. 2). 1수 협수 는 42개로 ‘한라유채’에 비해 7개 정도 많아 개화지속기간 또 한 2~3일 길어졌다. 결실비율도 ‘중모7002’가 84%로 ‘한라 유채’에 비해 1%로 더 높았고, 천립중은 4.1 g으로 한라유채 와 같았다(Table 2). ‘중모7002’은 균핵병에 대한 저항성이 ‘한라유채’와 비슷하여 균핵병에 대한 피해가 거의 발생하지 않았으며, 경장은 길었지만 직립성이여서 도복에 대한 저항성 이 ‘한라유채’ 보다 강하였다. ‘중모 7002’은 대조품종인 ‘한 라유채’에 비하여 개화초기에 꽃이 일시적으로 개화하는 특 성을 나타내 개화 균일도가 매우 높고, 수장이 길고 꽃의 개 수가 많아 개화기간이 2~3일 정도 길며, 경장은 크지만 도복 저항성도 강하여 경관용에 적합한 특성을 가졌다(Kim et al. 2014).
Fig. 2.
Comparison of ‘Jungmo 7002’(left) and ‘Hanlayuchae’(right) at bearing season.
KJBS-47-276_F2.gif
Table 1.
Inherent color characteristics of rapeseed intermediate parent Jungmo 7002 .
Table 1.
Variety Leaf color Stem color Flower color Seed color
Jungmo 7002 Dark-green Brownish-green Yellow Black
Hanlayuchae Green Green Yellow Black
Table 2.
Agronomic characteristics of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’.
Table 2.
Variety Bolting date (Month. date) Flowering date (Month. date) Ripening date (Month. date) Stem length (cm) Panicle length (mm) Flowering uniformity No. of pods /Panicle No. of seed / Pod 1000- seeds weight (g) Seed set percentage (%) Lodging tolerance (0~9)z Disease resistance (0~9)y
Jungmo 7002 Mar. 25 Apr. 16 Jun. 9 124 ± 7.8x 45 ± 9.8 ++++ 42 ± 9.3 21 ± 1.5 4.1 ± 0.2 84 ± 6.1 0 0
Hanlayuchae Mar. 26 Apr. 16 Jun. 9 105 ± 19.6 38 ± 6.3 ++ 35 ± 7.8 20 ± 1.4 4.1 ± 0.3 83 ± 8.5 1 0

z0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

y0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

xValue represent mean ± standard deviation of 50 plants

수량 및 품질특성
생산력검정시험은 전남 무안에서 2년간(2009, 2010년) 실 시하였으며, 종실 수량이 10 a당 270 kg으로 대비품종인 ‘한 라유채’(252 kg/10a)에 비해 7%가 많았다(Table 3). 또한, 2011부터 2013년까지 3년 동안 전북(익산), 전남(무안), 경남 (진구) 및 제주(애월) 등 4곳에서 실시한 지역적응시험에서는 수량이 10 a당 247 kg로 ‘한라유채’(208 kg/10a)보다 16% 이상 증수되었다(Table 4). ‘중모 7002’의 기름함량은 44.3% 로 ‘한라유채’의 43.8% 보다 약간 높았으며, 지방산 중 에루 신산은 전혀 없으며, 단일 불포화지방산인 올레인산의 함유량 이 70.8%로, 대비품종인 ‘한라유채(67.5%)’에 비해 약 3.3% 가 높아 올레인산의 함유량이 매우 높은 것으로 나타나 유채 기름을 식용으로 사용하기에도 우수한 특성을 보였다. 한편, 착유 후 유채박 내에 존재하는 유해성분인 구루코시노레이트 는 ‘중모 7002’종자의 유채박 내의 구루코시노레이트의 함량 이 1.91 mg/g으로 나타나 국제허용기준치인 3.0 mg/g 이하 였다(Table 5).
Table 3.
Results of preliminary and advanced yield trials of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ .
Table 3.
Variety Year Seed yield (MT/ha) Mean (MT/ha) Index
Jungmo 7002 2009 2.73 2.70 ± 0.02z 107
2010 2.68
Hanlayuchae 2009 2.46 2.52 ± 0.06 100
2010 2.58

zValue represent mean ± standard deviation

Table 4.
Comparison of the yields from regional adaptation trials of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ .
Table 4.
Variety Seed yield of year (MT/ha) Mean (MT/ha) Index
2011 2012 2013
Jungmo 7002 Muan (Paddy) 2.19 2.57 2.67 2.47 120
Muan (Upland) 2.86 2.46 2.19 2.50 121
Iksan (Paddy) 3.36 3.13 0.87 2.45 108
Jinju (Paddy) 2.04 2.29 3.33 2.55 132
Aewol (Upland) 2.85 1.86 2.46 2.39 112
Mean 2.66 2.46 2.30 2.47az 119
LSD(5%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 152.64
C.V. (%) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32.75
Hanlayuchae Muan (Paddy) 2.03 2.01 2.11 2.05 100
Muan(Upland) 2.11 2.30 1.79 2.07 100
Iksan (Paddy) 2.68 3.27 0.84 2.26 100
Jinju (Paddy) 1.43 1.95 2.42 1.93 100
Aewol (Upland) 2.62 1.59 2.15 2.12 100
Mean 2.17 2.22 1.86 2.08b 100
LSD(5%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 132.95
C.V. (%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33.84

zMeans separation within columns by least significant difference at 5% level

Table 5.
Fatty acid composition, and contents of oil and glucosinolate of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’.
Table 5.
Variety Composition of fatty acids (%) Oil contents (%) Glucosinolates (mg/g)
Palmitic acid Stearic acid Oleic acid Linoleic acid Linolenic acid Eicogenic acid Erucic acid
Jungmo 7002 4.4 ± 0.6z 2.2 ± 0.4 70.8 ± 0.5 14.3 ± 0.2 6.5 ± 0.4 1.7 ± 0.3 0.0 44.3 ± 0.3 1.91
Hanlayuchae 4.7 ± 0.6 2.7 ± 0.3 67.5 ± 0.4 16.8 ± 0.4 6.9 ± 0.6 1.4 ± 0.2 0.0 43.8 ± 0.5 2.15

zValue represent mean ± standard deviation of three replications

적응지역 및 재배상의 유의점
‘중모 7002’는 전라남도, 전라북도, 경상남도 및 제주도 등 동계 최저 평균기온이 –5°C 이상인 우리나라 남서부 지역에 서 재배가 가능하다. ‘중모 7002’의 파종적기는 전남과 전북, 경남 등 육지부에서 10월 초순이고, 제주도는 10월 중순이며, 배수가 잘되는 사질 토양에서 재배하는 것이 좋으며, 논에서 재배할 때, 세조파시에는 파종량을 10 a당 1,000 g정도 하는 것이 좋으며, 산파 시에는 파종량을 10 a당 2,000~3,000 g 으로 증량 파종하여 재배하여야 한다.
‘중모 7002’는 유채 중간모본으로 1984년에 ‘RS10//Erra/ Tower’를 모본으로 하고, ‘RS10’을 부본으로 하여 인공교배 하여 육성하였다. ‘중모 7002’는 엽형은 하부익상전렬으로 결 각은 중간이며, 잎색은 짙은 녹색, 줄기색은 갈색이 섞인 녹 색, 꽃색은 황색, 종피색은 흑색이다. ‘중모 7002’의 개화기(4 월 16일)와 성숙기(6월 9일)는 ‘한라유채’와 비슷하였으나, 개화초기에 일시에 개화하는 개화균일도가 매우 좋았으며, 도 복저항성도 ‘한라유채’에 비하여 좋게 나타났다. ‘중모7002’ 의 수량은 지역적응시험 결과 10 a당 247 kg로 ‘한라유채’의 208 kg에 비해 16% 증수되었다. ‘중모 7002’의 기름함량은 44.3%이고, 올레인산의 함량은 70.8%로 ‘한라유채’에 비하 여 각각 0.5%와 3.3% 높게 나타났으며, 구루코시노레이트 함량은 1.91 mg/g으로 국제허용기준치인 3.0 mg/g 이하로 나타났다. ‘중모 7002’의 재배적지는 우리나라의 서남부지역 인 전라남도, 전라북도, 경상남도 및 제주특별자치도이다.
본 논문은 농촌진흥청 시험연구사업(과제번호: PJ01102302) 의 지원에 의해 이루어진 것임.
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A Rapeseed Intermediate Parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ with Flowering Uniformity and Lodging Tolerance
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2015;47(3):276-280.   Published online September 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2015.47.3.276
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A Rapeseed Intermediate Parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ with Flowering Uniformity and Lodging Tolerance
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2015;47(3):276-280.   Published online September 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2015.47.3.276
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A Rapeseed Intermediate Parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ with Flowering Uniformity and Lodging Tolerance
Image Image
Fig. 1. Pedigree diagram of ‘Jungmo 7002’.
Fig. 2. Comparison of ‘Jungmo 7002’(left) and ‘Hanlayuchae’(right) at bearing season.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

A Rapeseed Intermediate Parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ with Flowering Uniformity and Lodging Tolerance

Inherent color characteristics of rapeseed intermediate parent Jungmo 7002 .

Variety Leaf color Stem color Flower color Seed color
Jungmo 7002 Dark-green Brownish-green Yellow Black
Hanlayuchae Green Green Yellow Black

Agronomic characteristics of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’.

Variety Bolting date (Month. date) Flowering date (Month. date) Ripening date (Month. date) Stem length (cm) Panicle length (mm) Flowering uniformity No. of pods /Panicle No. of seed / Pod 1000- seeds weight (g) Seed set percentage (%) Lodging tolerance (0~9)z Disease resistance (0~9)y
Jungmo 7002 Mar. 25 Apr. 16 Jun. 9 124 ± 7.8x 45 ± 9.8 ++++ 42 ± 9.3 21 ± 1.5 4.1 ± 0.2 84 ± 6.1 0 0
Hanlayuchae Mar. 26 Apr. 16 Jun. 9 105 ± 19.6 38 ± 6.3 ++ 35 ± 7.8 20 ± 1.4 4.1 ± 0.3 83 ± 8.5 1 0

z0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

y0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

xValue represent mean ± standard deviation of 50 plants

Results of preliminary and advanced yield trials of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ .

Variety Year Seed yield (MT/ha) Mean (MT/ha) Index
Jungmo 7002 2009 2.73 2.70 ± 0.02z 107
2010 2.68
Hanlayuchae 2009 2.46 2.52 ± 0.06 100
2010 2.58

zValue represent mean ± standard deviation

Comparison of the yields from regional adaptation trials of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ .

Variety Seed yield of year (MT/ha) Mean (MT/ha) Index
2011 2012 2013
Jungmo 7002 Muan (Paddy) 2.19 2.57 2.67 2.47 120
Muan (Upland) 2.86 2.46 2.19 2.50 121
Iksan (Paddy) 3.36 3.13 0.87 2.45 108
Jinju (Paddy) 2.04 2.29 3.33 2.55 132
Aewol (Upland) 2.85 1.86 2.46 2.39 112
Mean 2.66 2.46 2.30 2.47az 119
LSD(5%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 152.64
C.V. (%) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32.75
Hanlayuchae Muan (Paddy) 2.03 2.01 2.11 2.05 100
Muan(Upland) 2.11 2.30 1.79 2.07 100
Iksan (Paddy) 2.68 3.27 0.84 2.26 100
Jinju (Paddy) 1.43 1.95 2.42 1.93 100
Aewol (Upland) 2.62 1.59 2.15 2.12 100
Mean 2.17 2.22 1.86 2.08b 100
LSD(5%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 132.95
C.V. (%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33.84

zMeans separation within columns by least significant difference at 5% level

Fatty acid composition, and contents of oil and glucosinolate of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’.

Variety Composition of fatty acids (%) Oil contents (%) Glucosinolates (mg/g)
Palmitic acid Stearic acid Oleic acid Linoleic acid Linolenic acid Eicogenic acid Erucic acid
Jungmo 7002 4.4 ± 0.6z 2.2 ± 0.4 70.8 ± 0.5 14.3 ± 0.2 6.5 ± 0.4 1.7 ± 0.3 0.0 44.3 ± 0.3 1.91
Hanlayuchae 4.7 ± 0.6 2.7 ± 0.3 67.5 ± 0.4 16.8 ± 0.4 6.9 ± 0.6 1.4 ± 0.2 0.0 43.8 ± 0.5 2.15

zValue represent mean ± standard deviation of three replications

Table 1. Inherent color characteristics of rapeseed intermediate parent Jungmo 7002 .
Table 2. Agronomic characteristics of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’.

0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

Value represent mean ± standard deviation of 50 plants

Table 3. Results of preliminary and advanced yield trials of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ .

Value represent mean ± standard deviation

Table 4. Comparison of the yields from regional adaptation trials of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’ .

Means separation within columns by least significant difference at 5% level

Table 5. Fatty acid composition, and contents of oil and glucosinolate of rapeseed intermediate parent ‘Jungmo 7002’.

Value represent mean ± standard deviation of three replications

Table 1.

Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

Table 5.

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