1 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원
1 National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju, 565-851,Korea
2 농촌진흥청 농업과학원
2 National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, 565-856, Korea
3 경남농업기술원
3 Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Jangsung, 515-804, Korea
4 경북농업기술원
4 Gyeongsangbukdo Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Daegu, 702-708, Korea
5 전북대학교 농업생명과학대학 작물생명과학과
5 Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea
© Korean Society of Breeding Science All rights reserved
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| Variety | Vernalization | Leaf | Stem | Spike | Awn | Kernel | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Color | Width | Angle | Length | Color | Thick | Color | Shape | Color | Length | Size | Color | ||
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Goso | II | Gz | My | M | M | LYx | M | LY | Rod | LY | M | M | Rw |
| Keumkang | III | G | M | M | M | LY | M | LY | Rod | LY | M | M | Wv |
| Field condition | Location | Heading date (Mon. Day) | Maturity date (Mon. Day) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
| Goso | Keumkang | Goso | Keumkang | ||
|
|
|||||
| Upland | Suwon | 5.03 | 5.04 | 6.11 | 6.11 |
| Daegu | 4.22 | 4.23 | 6.04 | 6.03 | |
| Mean | 4.28a† | 4.28a | 6.07a | 6.07a | |
|
|
|||||
| Paddy | Iksan | 4.25 | 4.25 | 6.04 | 6.05 |
| Naju | 4.26 | 4.25 | 6.05 | 6.05 | |
| Mean | 4.25b | 4.25b | 6.04b | 6.05b | |
| Variety | Culm length (cm) | Spike length (cm) | Number of spike/m2 | Number of grains/spike | Test weight (g) | 1,000 grain weight (g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| Goso | 79b† | 9.4a | 769b | 35a | 799a | 42.5b |
| Keumkang | 84a | 8.3b | 823a | 30b | 804a | 46.7a |
| Variety | Winter hardiness | Disease resistance (S, M, R)z | Sprout resistance | Loading (0~9) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Withered plant (%) | Scab | Powdery mildew | Pre-harvest sprouting(%) | Suwon | Iksan | Daegu | Naju | |
|
|
||||||||
| Goso | 4.4a† | S | S | 4.0b | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Keumkang | 1.6b | S | S | 29.8a | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Variety | Flour yield (%) | Ash (%) | Protein (%) | SDSSz (ml) | Gluten (%) | Color of floury | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Ly | a | b | ||||||
|
|
||||||||
| Goso | 63.7b† | 0.33b | 9.8b | 30.0b | 7.2b | 91.61a | -1.11a | 7.41b |
| Keumkang | 73.6a | 0.46a | 12.6a | 50.0a | 10.8a | 90.12b | -0.97b | 9.59a |
| Variety | Mixograph | Amylose (%) | Pasting properties (BU) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Water absorption (%) | Mixing time (min) | Mixing tolerance (mm) | Peak viscosity | Breakdown | ||
|
|
||||||
| Goso | 60.0b† | 3.23b | 6.0b | 24.5a | 137.0a | 21.0b |
| Keumkang | 63.0a | 4.15a | 13.5a | 24.7a | 138.0a | 39.0a |
| Variety | HMW-GSz | GBSSy | Puroindolines | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Glu-A1 | Glu-B1 | Glu-D1 | Wx-A1 | Wx-B1 | Wx-D1 | Pina-D1 | Pinb-D1 | |
|
|
||||||||
| Goso | 2* | 7+8 | 2.2+12 | ax | a | a | a | a |
| Keumkang | 2* | 7+8 | 5+10 | a | a | a | a | bw |
| Varieties | Sugar-Snap Cookie | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Diameter (mm) | Top-grade (1~5) | |
|
|
||
| Goso | 88a† | 5a |
| Keumkang | 79b | 2b |
| Field condition | Location | Goso (kg/10a) | Keumkang (kg/10a) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||||||
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | Mean | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | Mean | ||
|
|
|||||||||
| Upland | Suwon | 585 | 725 | 628 | 646 | 531 | 716 | 395 | 547 |
| Daegu | 643 | 618 | 741 | 667 | 576 | 376 | 673 | 542 | |
|
|
|||||||||
| Mean | 614b† | 672a | 685a | 657a | 554a | 546b | 534a | 545b | |
|
|
|||||||||
| Paddy | Iksan | 664 | 651 | 522 | 612 | 627 | 555 | 476 | 553 |
| Naju | 610 | 526 | 394 | 510 | 605 | 420 | 462 | 496 | |
|
|
|||||||||
| Mean | 637a | 589b | 458b | 561a | 616b | 488a | 469b | 524b | |
Growth habit and morphological characteristics of Goso .
| Variety | Vernalization | Leaf | Stem | Spike | Awn | Kernel | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Color | Width | Angle | Length | Color | Thick | Color | Shape | Color | Length | Size | Color | ||
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Goso | II | G |
M |
M | M | LY |
M | LY | Rod | LY | M | M | R |
| Keumkang | III | G | M | M | M | LY | M | LY | Rod | LY | M | M | Wv |
zG: green
yM: middle
xLY: light yellow
wR: red, Wv: white
Heading and maturity date of “Goso” in the regional yield trials
| Field condition | Location | Heading date (Mon. Day) | Maturity date (Mon. Day) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
| Goso | Keumkang | Goso | Keumkang | ||
|
|
|||||
| Upland | Suwon | 5.03 | 5.04 | 6.11 | 6.11 |
| Daegu | 4.22 | 4.23 | 6.04 | 6.03 | |
| Mean | 4.28 |
4.28 |
6.07 |
6.07 |
|
| Paddy | Iksan | 4.25 | 4.25 | 6.04 | 6.05 |
| Naju | 4.26 | 4.25 | 6.05 | 6.05 | |
| Mean | 4.25 |
4.25 |
6.04 |
6.05 |
|
†Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Agronomic characteristics of “Goso” in the regional yield trials.
| Variety | Culm length (cm) | Spike length (cm) | Number of spike/m2 | Number of grains/spike | Test weight (g) | 1,000 grain weight (g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| Goso | 79 |
9.4 |
769 |
35 |
799 |
42.5 |
| Keumkang | 84 |
8.3 |
823 |
30 |
804 |
46.7 |
†Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test.
Tolerance assessment of “Goso” to environmental stress in the regional yield trials.
| Variety | Winter hardiness | Disease resistance (S, M, R) |
Sprout resistance | Loading (0~9) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Withered plant (%) | Scab | Powdery mildew | Pre-harvest sprouting(%) | Suwon | Iksan | Daegu | Naju | |
|
|
||||||||
| Goso | 4.4 |
S | S | 4.0 |
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Keumkang | 1.6 |
S | S | 29.8 |
2 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
zS = susceptible, M = moderate, R = resistant
†Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Flour yield and characteristics of “Goso” in the regional yield trials.
| Variety | Flour yield (%) | Ash (%) | Protein (%) | SDSS |
Gluten (%) | Color of flour |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| L |
a | b | ||||||
|
|
||||||||
| Goso | 63.7 |
0.33 |
9.8 |
30.0 |
7.2 |
91.61 |
-1.11 |
7.41 |
| Keumkang | 73.6 |
0.46 |
12.6 |
50.0 |
10.8 |
90.12 |
-0.97 |
9.59 |
zSDSS: SDS-sedimentation volume
yL: lightness, a: redness (+) greeness (-), b: yellowness(+) blueness(-)
†Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Rheological properties of dough and pasting properties of “Goso” in the regional yield trials
| Variety | Mixograph | Amylose (%) | Pasting properties (BU) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Water absorption (%) | Mixing time (min) | Mixing tolerance (mm) | Peak viscosity | Breakdown | ||
|
|
||||||
| Goso | 60.0 |
3.23 |
6.0 |
24.5 |
137.0 |
21.0 |
| Keumkang | 63.0 |
4.15 |
13.5 |
24.7 |
138.0 |
39.0 |
†Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Subunits of HMW-GS, GBSS and puroindolines of “Goso”
| Variety | HMW-GS |
GBSS |
Puroindolines | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Glu-A1 | Glu-B1 | Glu-D1 | Wx-A1 | Wx-B1 | Wx-D1 | Pina-D1 | Pinb-D1 | |
|
|
||||||||
| Goso | 2* | 7+8 | 2.2+12 | a |
a | a | a | a |
| Keumkang | 2* | 7+8 | 5+10 | a | a | a | a | b |
zHMW-GS: high molecular weight glutenin subunit
yGBSS: granule bound starch synthase
xa: wild type
wb: mutant
Diameter and top-grade of cookie prepared from “Goso” in the regional yield trials.
| Varieties | Sugar-Snap Cookie | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Diameter (mm) | Top-grade (1~5) | |
|
|
||
| Goso | 88 |
5 |
| Keumkang | 79 |
2 |
†Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Yield of “Goso” in the regional yield trial.
| Field condition | Location | Goso (kg/10a) | Keumkang (kg/10a) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||||||
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | Mean | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | Mean | ||
|
|
|||||||||
| Upland | Suwon | 585 | 725 | 628 | 646 | 531 | 716 | 395 | 547 |
| Daegu | 643 | 618 | 741 | 667 | 576 | 376 | 673 | 542 | |
| Mean | 614 |
672 |
685 |
657 |
554 |
546 |
534 |
545 |
|
| Paddy | Iksan | 664 | 651 | 522 | 612 | 627 | 555 | 476 | 553 |
| Naju | 610 | 526 | 394 | 510 | 605 | 420 | 462 | 496 | |
| Mean | 637 |
589 |
458 |
561 |
616 |
488 |
469 |
524 |
|
†Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
G: green
M: middle
LY: light yellow
R: red, Wv: white
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test.
S = susceptible, M = moderate, R = resistant
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
SDSS: SDS-sedimentation volume
L: lightness, a: redness (+) greeness (-), b: yellowness(+) blueness(-)
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
HMW-GS: high molecular weight glutenin subunit
GBSS: granule bound starch synthase
a: wild type
b: mutant
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test
Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% significant level by Duncan’s multiple range test