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등숙기 고온이 국내 밀 품종의 밀가루 및 가공적성에 미치는 영향

손재한1, 강천식1, 윤영미1, 최창현1, 김경훈1, 김경민1, 박태일1, 강택규2, 강성욱2, 박철수2, 조성우2,*

Effect of High Temperature during Grain Maturation on Flour Properties and End-Use Quality in Korean Wheat Cultivars

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2019;51(1):20-33.
Published online: March 1, 2019

국립식량과학원

전북대학교 작물생명과학과

National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea

Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea

*(E-mail: tottoriu2009@naver.com, Tel: +82-63-270-2506; Fax: +82-63-270-2640)
• Received: January 29, 2019   • Revised: February 5, 2019   • Accepted: February 20, 2019

Copyright: © 2019 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Evaluation of Wheat’s (Triticum aestivum L.) Agronomic and Grain Traits and Protein and Starch Characteristics Under Cultivation Environments in Korea
    Hyeon-Seong Yoo, Hyun-Jin Jung, Na-Yun Lee, Eun-Chae Bae, Eun-Bin Hwang, Eun-Seong Baek, Se-Jin Oh, Yu-Mi Lee, Sang-Cheol Gwak, Moon-Sub Lee, Seong-Woo Cho, Tae-Young Hwang
    Agriculture.2026; 16(11): 1131.     CrossRef
  • Heat Stress Impacts and Strategies for Improving Heat Tolerance in Wheat
    Yurim Kim, Myoung-Goo Choi, Han-Yong Jeong, Jinhee Park, Yurim Kim, Go Eun Lee, Sukjin Kim, Jeong-Heui Lee, Chuloh Cho
    Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2025; 57(2): 103.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics of Sourdough Breads Baked Using Korean Bread Wheats
    Jin Hee Park, Chon-Sik Kang, Kyeong-Min Kim, Jinwoo Yang, Jae-Han Son, Chang-Hyen Choi, Han-Yong Jung, Ji-Young Son, Tae-Il Park, Kyeong-Hoon Kim
    Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2020; 52(4): 408.     CrossRef

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Effect of High Temperature during Grain Maturation on Flour Properties and End-Use Quality in Korean Wheat Cultivars
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2019;51(1):20-33.   Published online March 1, 2019
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Effect of High Temperature during Grain Maturation on Flour Properties and End-Use Quality in Korean Wheat Cultivars
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2019;51(1):20-33.   Published online March 1, 2019
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Effect of High Temperature during Grain Maturation on Flour Properties and End-Use Quality in Korean Wheat Cultivars
Image Image Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 The change and difference of grain weight of Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day. (A), the change of 1,000-kerenel weight according to the Glu-D1 alleles; (B), the difference of test weight according to the kernel hardness; (C), the difference of test weight according to the Glu-D1 allele; (D), the difference of 1,000-kerenel weight according to the Glu-B3 alleles. Values followed by the same letters within treatment are not significantly different at p≤0.05.
Fig. 2 The difference of average of particle size of wheat flour (A), damaged starch content (B), SDS-Sedimentation volume (C) and mixing tolerance of mixograph (D) of Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day. Values followed by the same letters within treatment are not significantly different at p≤0.05.
Fig. 3 The change of proportion of y-type subunits in HMW-GS (A and B) and ratio of gliadin to LMW-GS (C and D) grain weight of Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day. Values followed by the same letters within treatment are not significantly different at p≤0.05.
Fig. 4 The difference in proportion of HMW-GS (A), and α and β gliadin (B), γ gliadin (C) and ratio of LMW-GS to HMW-GS (D) of Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day. Values followed by the same letters within treatment are not significantly different at p≤0.05.
Fig. 5 The change of whiteness of noodle dough sheet according to kernel hardness (A), TaGW2 alleles (B) and TaSus2 alleles (C) in Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day. Values followed by the same letters within treatment are not significantly different at p≤0.05.
Fig. 6 The difference of bread loaf volume according to Glu-D1 alleles (A), width of sugar snap cookie according to kernel hardness (B), Glu-B1 alleles (C), Glu-A3 alleles (D) and TaCwi-A1 alleles (E) in Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day. Values followed by the same letters within treatment are not significantly different at p≤0.05.
Effect of High Temperature during Grain Maturation on Flour Properties and End-Use Quality in Korean Wheat Cultivars

Allelic compositions of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS), and puroindolines in 11 Korean wheat cultivars.

Cultivar HMW-GS LMW-GS Puroindolines



Glu-A1 Glu-B1 Glu-D1 Glu-A3 Glu-B3 Pina-D1 Pinb-D1
Baekjoong b f f c d a a
Goso b b f d d a a
Hojoong b b f c d a a
Joa b b f d a a a
Jojoong c f f c d a b
Jokyung a b d c h a b
Joongmo2008 c i d c d a b
Keumkang b b d c h a b
Suan b b f c i a b
Uri c b f d d a a
Younbaek b f f c d b a

Difference of daily maximum temperature between paddy field and paddy field covered with polyethylene vinyl film at day after flowering and 14 days after flowering.

Treatments z Daily mean temperature (°C±SD) Daily mean minimum temperature (°C±SD) Daily mean maximum temperature (°C±SD) Accumulated temperature (°C±SD)
Control 19.9±3.1 13.3±4.0 27.7±4.0 1412.8
0DAF 21.1±3.5 12.9±3.6 34.0±5.7 1735.2
14DAF 21.1±3.8 12.9±3.7 36.1±4.6 1686.5

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method. DAF=day after flowering.

Grain traits of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day.

Treatments z Grain Test weight (g) 1000-kernel weight (g)

Weight (mg) Volume (cc) Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) Roundness (mm)
Control 30.6a y 38.0a 6.7a 3.4a 2.9a 1.9b 782.0a 44.3a
0DAF 30.1a 38.0a 6.7a 3.2b 2.7b 1.9a 789.3a 38.9a
14DAF 30.2a 38.0a 6.7a 3.2ab 2.8ab 1.9ab 802.8a 40.7a

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.

Flour and dough properties of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering.

Treatments z Ash (%) Average particle size (um) Whitness Index Amylose (%) Damaged starch (%) Total starch (%) Protein (%) SDS- sedimentation volume (ml) Mixograph

Water absorption (%) Mixing time (min) Mixing tolerance (cm)
Control 0.41a y 71.9a 87.8a 27.4a 5.7a 71.4a 11.1a 44.9a 60.2a 2.9a 12.3a
0DAF 0.41a 71.9a 87.3a 27.8a 6.0a 72.5a 11.0a 42.7a 59.5a 2.7a 13.4a
14 DAF 0.41a 72.1a 86.8a 27.9a 6.3a 73.8a 11.1a 41.7a 59.7a 2.7a 13.1a

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.

Gluten properties of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering using RP-HPLC z .

Treatments y Proportion (%) Ratio


Glutenin Gliadin Gliadin to HMW-GS Gliadin to LMW-GS LMW-GS to HMW-GS X-type to Y-type


HMW-GS X-Type Y-Type LMW-GS ω α+ß γ
Control  49.9a x 69.8a 30.2a 50.1a 12.0a 52.7a 35.3a 9.2a 3.4a 2.7a 0.7a
0DAF 49.5a 70.0a 30.0a 50.5a 12.6a 52.5a 35.0a 8.6a 3.4a 2.6a 0.7a
14 DAF 49.3a 68.1a 32.0a 50.7a 13.0a 51.8a 35.2a 8.5a 3.2a 2.7a 0.7a

HMW-GS, amount of high molecular weight glutenin subunits; X-Type, amount of x-type in HMW-GS; Y-Type, amount of y-type in HMW-GS; LMW-GS, low molecular weight glutenin subunits.

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method. DAF = day after flowering.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.

End-use quality of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering.

Treatments z Bread White salted noodles Sugar Snap Cookie

Noodles dough sheet Texture of cooked noodles




Loaf Volume (ml) Crumb Firmness (N) Thickness (mm) Whiteness Index Hardness (N) Springiness (Ratio) Cohesiveness (Ratio) Width (mm) Thickness (mm)
Control 709.1a y 6.5a 1.8a 77.5a 3.6a 0.89a 0.66a 81.6a 6.0a
0DAF 675.8a 7.2a 1.8a 75.9b 3.6a 0.89a 0.66a 80.4a 6.0a
14 DAF 707.2a 6.9a 1.8a 76.4ab 3.6a 0.89a 0.66a 80.3a 6.1a

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method. DAF = day after flowering.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.

Table 1 Allelic compositions of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS), and puroindolines in 11 Korean wheat cultivars.
Table 2 Difference of daily maximum temperature between paddy field and paddy field covered with polyethylene vinyl film at day after flowering and 14 days after flowering.

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method. DAF=day after flowering.

Table 3 Grain traits of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering day.

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.

Table 4 Flour and dough properties of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering.

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.

Table 5 Gluten properties of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering using RP-HPLC z .

HMW-GS, amount of high molecular weight glutenin subunits; X-Type, amount of x-type in HMW-GS; Y-Type, amount of y-type in HMW-GS; LMW-GS, low molecular weight glutenin subunits.

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method. DAF = day after flowering.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.

Table 6 End-use quality of 11 Korean wheat cultivars grown at different high temperature treatments after flowering.

Wheat cultivars were treated according to the procedure in material and method. DAF = day after flowering.

Values followed by same letters within same characteristic are not significantly different at p<0.05.