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중북부고령지 적응 조생종 내냉성, 고품질 벼 ‘진한’

현웅조1, 이정희1, 정응기1,*, 장재기2, 정국현1, 조영찬1, 이점호1, 원용재1, 서정필1, 안억근1, 정종민1, 전용희1, 서대하1, 김정주1

An Early, Cold-Tolerant and High-Quality Rice ‘Jinhan’ Adaptable to Northern Central Highland

Ung-Jo Hyun1, Jeong-Heui Lee1, Eung-Gi Jeong1,*, Jae-Ki Chang2, Kuk-Hyun Jung1, Young-Chan Cho1, Jeom-Ho Lee1, Yong-Jae Won1, Jung-Pil Suh1, Eok-Keun Ahn1, Jong-Min Jeong1, Yong-Hee Jeon1, Dae-Ha Seo1, Jeong-Ju Kim1
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2019;51(4):489-495.
Published online: December 1, 2019

1농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원

2농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원

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* Corresponding Author (E-mail: egjeong@korea.kr, Tel: +82-31-695-4022, Fax: +82-31-695-4029)
• Received: August 13, 2019   • Revised: September 1, 2019   • Accepted: October 14, 2019

Copyright © 2019 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

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  • ‘Jinhan’, a japonica rice variety, was developed from a cross between ‘Cheolwon68’ (IT218244) and ‘Junghwabyeo’ (IT260473) by the rice breeding team at National Institute of Crop Science in 2015. ‘Cheolwon68’ is early maturing and resistant to blast disease, and ‘Junghwabyeo’ is a cold-tolerant and high-quality variety. The growth duration of ‘Jinhan’ in the paddy field was 116 days in the Northern Central Highland in Korea, which was similar to that of ‘Jinbu’. The culm length of ‘Jinhan’ was 61 cm, which was 10 cm shorter than that of ‘Jinbu’. The panicle of ‘Jinhan’ was composed of 66 spikelets. The viviparous germination rate of ‘Jinhan’ was 33.2%. ‘Jinhan’ showed resistance to blast disease, but was susceptible to stripe virus, dwarf and black-streaked dwarf viruses, and plant hoppers. The milled rice grains of ‘Jinhan’ showed an excellent palatability index (0.23) and lower protein content (5.7%) than that of ‘Jinbu’. The grain milling characteristics of ‘Jinhan’ were similar to those of ‘Jinbu’. ‘Jinhan’ showed a milled rice productivity of 5.43 MT/ha at four sites cultivated in the Northern Central Highland (Registration No. 7318).
우리가 주식으로 먹고 있는 쌀은 수량성 중심에서 소비자가 선호하는 품질 위주의 쌀을 생산하는 벼농사로 변해가고 있다. 그럼에도 쌀 소비가 지속적으로 감소하므로 벼의 품종개발은 쌀 소비량을 증대하고 농가의 안정적이 벼 재배를 위하여 밥맛이 좋은 품종을 육성하는데 중점을 두고 있다. 벼를 재배하는 농업환경은 지구 온난화의 영향으로 생태계의 변화에 대한 우려가 높아지고 있으며, 온실가스 증가에 따른 이상기후의 영향으로 대기 온도와 강수량의 변화에 원인이 되기도 한다. 이상기후에 따라 대기권의 온도가 상승하거나 낮아지기도 하고, 강수량의 변동으로 지역에 따라 폭우나 극심한 가뭄 현상의 증가를 보고한 바 있다(Yun et al. 2001).
벼는 생육기간중에 저온 피해로 생육이 저조하고, 출수가 지연되며, 불임이 발행하거나 등숙에 장해를 받아 쌀의 품질이나 수량이 낮아진다(Lee et al. 1989). 또한 쌀 품질과 등숙기간의 기상과는 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 생식생장기 저온은 쌀의 단백질 함량을 증가시키고, 최고점도와 강하점도를 감소시키며, 밥의 식미를 저하시킨다고 하였다(Jeong et al. 1997). 벼의 내냉성이 다른 품종을 냉수처리 포장에 공시하여 쌀 품질 특성을 자연구와 비교한 결과 내냉성이 약한 품종이 단백질 함량이 높고, Toyo-식미계를 이용한 밥의 윤기치 조사에서 낮은 경향이라고 보고하였다(Kim et al. 2006). 우리나라 중북부고령지는 표고 및 지형이 다양하고 기상의 변화가 심하여 이들 지역에 적응되는 내냉성이 강한 ‘진부’(Cho et al. 1993) 및 내냉성이며 극조생종인 ‘한설’(Lee et al. 2010) 품종이 육성되었으나 쌀 품질이나 밥맛은 소비자의 요구에 부합되지 못하는 수준이다. 본 연구에서는 중북부산간지에서 조생종이며, 내냉성이 강하고 쌀품질과 밥맛이 우수한 ‘진한’을 육성하였기에 그 육성 경위 및 주요 특성을 보고하고자 한다.
본 시험에서 육성된 ‘진한’은 ‘진부56호’로 2013~2015년 3년간 중북부고랭지, 북부평야지, 중북부산간지, 남부고랭지 등 4개 지역에서 보통기 보비재배로 대비품종을 ‘진부’로 비교 검토하였다(RDA 2014a, 2015a, 2016). 중북부고랭지에서는 4월 20일에 파종하였고 이앙은 5월 20일에 재식거리 30×12 cm로 주당 5본씩 이앙하였다. 시비량은 N-P2O5-K2O를 각각 성분량으로 10-6.4-7.8 kg/10a을 시용하였다. 질소는 기비로 80%, 분얼비 20%로 분시하였고, 인산은 전량을 기비로, 칼리는 기비 70%, 수비 30%로 나누어 시용하였다. 벼 잎도열병검정은 14개 지역에서 밭못자리 상태로 파종하여 30일 후 계통들의 이병 정도를 조사하였다. 흰잎마름병은 K1, K2, K3 및 K3a 균계를 포장에서 최고분얼기에 개체별로 가위절엽접종하여 30일 후에 이병정도를 조사하였다. 유묘 바이러스검정은 본엽 2~3엽기에 바이러스 보독충 접종을 3~4일간 실시하고, 접종 후 30일에 조사하였다. 재해저항성 검정으로 수발아검정은 출수후 40일에 이삭을 채취해서 조사였다. 내냉성 검정은 이앙후 25일부터 등숙기까지 수구의 수온을 17℃, 수심은 5 cm로 주야 계속 흘려대기로 실시하였으며, 동일 포장에 대조구인 자연수온구를 별도로 설치하여 냉수처리구와 비교될 수 있도록 하였다. 냉수처리 하에서 나타나는 내냉성 관련형질의 조사는 적고의 발생정도, 이삭의 추출도를 1~9까지 등급을 주어서 달관으로 조사하였다. 간장단축율은 냉수처리구와 자연구의 간장을 측정하여 자연구에 비하여 처리구의 간장이 단축된 정도를 백분율로 환산하였고, 출수지연일수는 냉수처리구와 자연구의 출수기를 조사하여 지연일수를 계산하였으며, 임실감소율은 자연구와 수구의 임실율을 조사하여 자연구에 비하여 냉수구에서 임실이 감소되는 정도를 백분율로 환산하였다. 쌀의 식미관능평가는 국립식량과학원 표준방법(NICS 2003)에 따라 대비시료(추청)를 이용하여 상대비교인 7점 척도(-3~+3)로 수행하였다. 식미관능평가 패널은 국립식량원 벼연구 분야에서 장기간 관능평가를 수행한 잘 훈련된 15~20명이 참여하여 밥모양, 밥냄새, 밥맛, 찰기, 질감 등 5가지 항목에 대하여 개별평가를 실시한 후 종합적인 식미를 평가도록 하였다. 기타 시험포장의 재배관리와 농업형질, 수량구성요소, 수량성 및 도정특성은 농촌진흥청에서 발간한 신품종개발 공동연구사업 조사기준에 준하여 실시하였다(RDA 2013, 2014b, 2015b).
육성 경위
‘진한’은 중북부 고랭지나 산간지역에 재배하기 적합한 조생종이며 밥맛이 좋고 내냉성이 강한 품종을 육성할 목적으로 2003년 하계에 조생이고 도열병이 강한 ‘철원58호’(IT218244)와 내냉성이 강하고 밥맛 좋은 ‘중화’(IT260473)를 인공교배하여 교배번호 SR28990을 부여한 후, F1 세대 22개체를 양성하였다. F2 에서 1,100개의 계통을 전개하여 F5까지 파생계통육종법으로 우량계통을 선발하였다. F4세대부터 계통으로 세대를 진전하며 주요 병해충 및 미질검정을 병행하여 실시하였으며 유전적으로 표현형이 고정된 F6세대에 3계통를 공시하여 단간이며 숙색이 우수한 SR28990-B-7-2-1계통을 최종적으로 선발하였다. 선발된 우량계통에 대해 2012년에 생산력검정시험을 실시 한 결과 ‘진부’와 출수기는 비슷하였고, 포장성숙이 일정하여 쌀의 외관품질이 우수했으며, 단간으로 도복에 강하고 밥맛이 우수하여 ‘진부56호’로 계통명을 부여하였다. 2013년부터 2015년까지 지역적응시험 3년을 실시한 결과 대비 품종인 ‘진부’보다 도열병, 내도복성 및 밥맛이 우수하여 2015년 12월 농촌진흥청 직무육성 신품종선정위원회에서 조생종 고품질 품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 ‘진한’으로 명명되었다. ‘진한’의 계통육성 과정은 Fig. 1 과 같으며, 품종의 육성계보도는 Fig. 2와 같다.
Fig. 1
Pedigree diagram of ‘Jinhan’.
KJBS-51-489-f1.jpg
Fig. 2
Genealogical diagram of ‘Jinhan’.
KJBS-51-489-f2.jpg
주요특성

1. 주요 농업적 특성

‘진한’은 중북부 고랭지와 산간지 재배에서 이앙부터 성숙기까지의 본답생육일수가 116일로 대비품종 ‘진부’와 같은 조생종이다. 간장은 61 cm로 ‘진부’의 71 cm보다 10 cm적은 단간이고, 이삭길이는 17 cm로 ‘진부’와 같고, 주당 이삭수가16개로 ‘진부’보다 1개 많았으며, 이삭당 벼알수는 66개로 ‘진부’의 61개보다 많았다. 등숙비율은 92.3%로 대비품종 ‘진부’와 비슷했으며, 현미 천립중은 19.5 g으로 ‘진부’보다 가벼운 중소립종이다(Table 1). ‘진한’의 백미수량은 3년 간(2013~2015년) 실시한 지역적응시험 결과 중북부 고랭지 및 산간지 등 4개소에서 보통기 보비재배 평균 쌀수량은 5.43 MT/ha로 대비품종 ‘진부’의 5.38 MT/ha 보다 약간 증수되는 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(Table 2).
Table 1
Major agronomic traits and yield components.
Table 1
Variety Days of growth in paddy fieldz Culm length (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of panicles/hill No. of spikelets/panicle Ratio of ripened grain (%) 1000-grain weight of brown rice (g)
Jinhan 116ns 61* 17ns 16ns 66ns 92.3ns 19.5*
Jinbu 116 71 17 15 61 92.3 23.8

zdays from transplanting to maturity

*significant at 5%, nsnot significant

Table 2
Results of yield potential of ‘Jinhan’ on local adaptability test.
Table 2
Culture Season Region Tested sites Average milled rice yield (MT/ha) Index (A/B)
Jinhan Jinbu
'13 '14 '15 Ave. (A) '13 '14 '15 Ave. (B)
Ordinary planting culture NMHz Jinbu 4.83 5.69 6.36 5.63ns 4.95 5.78 6.20 5.64 100
Middle-mountain plain area Cheolwon 5.04 6.23 5.90 5.72ns 4.80 6.02 5.62 5.48 104
Jeongseon 4.49 5.90 5.52 5.30ns 4.69 5.99 5.64 5.44 97
Average 4.77 6.07 5.71 5.51 4.75 6.01 5.63 5.46 101
Southern highlands Unbong 5.26 5.41 4.55 5.07ns 5.16 5.17 4.58 4.97 102
Average 4.91 5.81 5.58 5.43ns 4.90 5.74 5.51 5.38 101

zNMH: Northron-middle highland

nsnot significant

2. 병충해 및 생리장해 저항성

‘진한’은 전국 14개 지역에서 실시한 잎도열병 밭못자리 검정 결과 평균 2.6으로 ‘진부’의3.0보다 강한 반응을 보였고, 목도열병 포장검정으로 익산과 이천에서 실시한 결과 도열병이 발병되지 않아 목도열병도 강한 것으로 판단된다. ‘진한’은 K1(HB1013), K2(HB1013), K3(HB1015), K3a (HB1009) 균계에는 이병성 이었으며, 바이러스병 종류인 줄무늬잎마름병, 오갈병 및 벼멸구에 대한 저항성은 없었다(Table 3). ‘진한’의 불시출수는 50일 묘에서 42% 로 ‘진부’의 67.7%보다 낮은 경향이었고, 성숙기 하엽의 노화가 느렸으며 위조현상은 나타나지 않았다. 이삭이 출수된 후에 황숙기 수발아검정에서 2013~2015년 3년 평균 33.2%로 ‘진부’의 39.9%보다는 낮은 수발아율을 보였다. ‘진한’은 도복특성검정에서 3절 간장은 9.8 cm로 대비품종인 ‘진부’보다 짧았고, 벼 키도 82 cm로 ‘진부’보다 10 cm 작아서 도복관련 특성은 대비품종 ‘진부’보다 우수하였고, 포장 도복도 1정도로 강한 반응을 보였다(Table 4).
Table 3
Reaction to blast disease.
Table 3
Variety Reaction to leaf blast at nursery test (0-9) Area ratio to leaf lesion of Magnaporthe grisea of sequential plantings (%) Reaction to neck blast (%)
No. of tested sites (14)
Rz M S Mean 1 2 3 4 5 Persistence (0-5) No. of susceptible race (40) Ichon Iksan
Jinhan 10 4 0 2.6ns 5 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 4 0.0ns 0.0ns
Jinbu 8 6 0 3.0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.0 0.0

zR: resistant (0~3); M: moderately resistant (4~6); S: susceptible (7~9)N fertilizer: Blast nursery test = 240kg/ha, Neck blast = 220kg/ha

nsnot significant

Table 4
Response to physiological and lodging characteristics.
Table 4
Variety Premature heading (%) Occurrence of wilting Leaf senescence at maturing Viviparous germinationz (%) lodging characteristics
Plant height (cm) Third internode length (cm) Moment (g. cm) Lodging (0-9)y
Jinhan 42.0* Strong Late 33.2ns 83 9.8* 1,092 1
Jinbu 67.7 Strong Late 39.9 93 13.6 1,307 1

zGermination rate at 7 days after incubation in 25℃ chamber

yGermination Lodging in the field (0: Resistance, 9: Susceptible)

*significant at 5%, nsnot significant

3. 내냉성 특성

벼의 생육기간 중에 저온 stress에 의한 내냉성관련 특성은 생육시기별로 다르게 나타난다. 영양생장기 저온에 대한 반응은 잎의 적고, 분얼수의 감소 및 초장의 생육억제 등 지연형 냉해가 발생되며, 생식생장기의 저온 stress에 의한 반응은 간장의 단축, 출수지연, 불임발생 등의 장해형냉해가 발생한다고 하였다(Ito et al. 1971). 우리나라에서 육성된 품종중에서 내냉성이 강한 ‘진부’를 대비품종으로 하여 ‘진한’의 내냉성관련 특성을 검정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 유묘기 적고의 내냉성 정도(1-9)는 4수준으로 중강정도의 내냉성이 있는 것으로 조사되어 ‘진부’와 같은 수준이었고, 냉수처리에 의한 출수지연일수는 자연구 대비하여 진한이 8일정도 지연되어 ‘진부’ 15일보다 출수지연일수가 7일 짧아서 내냉성이 강하게 반응하였다. 냉수를 처리한 시험구에서 자연구 대비하여 간장의 단축정도를 측정하는 간장단축률은 ‘진부’가 25%이었으나, ‘진한’이 23%로 간장단축률이 낮아서 냉수에 의한 stress가 적은 것으로 판단된다. 이삭의 추출정도(1-9)는 ‘진한’이 5, ‘진부’가 7로 조사되었고, 냉수구의 임실율은 ‘진한’이 58%, ‘진부’가 62%로 조사되어 통계상으로 유의성은 인정되지 않았지만 ‘진한’이 대비품종 ‘진부’에 비교하여 장해형냉해는 수치상으로 약한 것으로 조사되었다. 저온발아성은 13℃ Grouse Chamber검정에서 ‘진부’ 95%보다는 ‘진한’이 97%로 높아서 저온발아성이 강한 품종으로 조사되었다. 내냉성을 판단하는 여러가지 요소를 종합적으로 검토한 결과 ‘진한’은 내냉성이 강한 ‘진부’와 비교하면 출수지연일수, 간잔단축률, 저온발아성은 내냉성이 강한쪽으로 조사되었고, 이삭추출도, 냉수구의 임실율은 내냉성이 약한 쪽으로 조사되었으나, 유묘기 적고 및 종합적이 내냉성은 비슷하게 조사되었다(Table 5). 따라서 ‘진한’은 내냉성이 강한 ‘진부’ 수준의 내냉성을 가지고 있고 수량성과 쌀품질도 우수하여 우리나라 중산간지에서 재배안전성이 높은 고품질 품종으로 판단된다.
Table 5
Variation of cold tolerance characteristics.
Table 5
Variety Leaf discoloration (1-9)z Heading delay (day) Culm length reduction (%) Panicle exsertion (1-9)z Spikelet fertility reduction (%) Phenotypic acceptabilityy (1-9)z Low-temperature germination (%)
Jinhan 4ns 8* 23ns 5ns 58ns 4ns 97ns
Jinbu 4 15 25 7 62 4 95

*significant at 5%, nsnot significant

zEvaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: Tolerance, 9: Susceptible)

yPhenotypic Acceptability: tillering stage

4. 쌀의 이화학적 및 밥맛 특성

‘진한’의 입형은 현미 장폭비가 1.81 중단원립으로 ‘진부’와 비슷하지만 도정된 백미 외관(0-9)은 심백과 복백이 0으로 ‘진부’ 1보다 맑고 투명하여 쌀의 외관품질이 우수한 특성을 보였다. 알칼리붕괴도(1~7)는 6.8이었고, 단백질함량은 5.7%으로 낮았고, 아밀로스함량도 19.1%로 ‘진부’보다 낮은 수준이었다(Table 6). 특히 단백질 함량이 낮아서 밥을 지어서 먹을 때 식감이 부드러운 특성이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 국립식량과학원 벼연구부서에서 훈련된 식미관능검정 요원들에 의한 식미관능검정(+3~-3)에서 밥모양, 밥냄새, 밥맛, 찰기, 질감을 가지고 대비품종 ‘진부’하고 비교하며 밥모양은 0.16으로 ‘진부’ -0.04보다 우수하게 평가되었고, 밥맛도 0.22로 대비품종 ‘진부’ 0.16보다 좋다고 하였으며, 밥의 찰기도 0.27로 ‘진부’ -0.05보다 좋게 평가되었다. 밥의 질감은 0.19로서 ‘진부’ 0.00보다 우수하게 평가되었지만, 밥의 냄새에서는 0.06으로 ‘진부’ 0.12보다 낮은 평가를 받았다. 식미관능검정 5개의 요소를 종합해서 평가하는 밥맛의 종합점수에서 ‘진한’은 0.23으로 대비품종 ‘진부’의 0.09보다 우수한 밥맛 특성을 보여(Table 7), 중북부 산간지역인 진부시험지에서 육성된 조생종 품종 중에서 밥맛이 좋은 품종으로 판단된다.
Table 6
Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.
Table 6
Variety Brown rice White core/velly Alkali digestive value (1~7) Protein content (%) Amylose content (%)
Length (mm) Width (mm) L/W ratio
Jinhan 4.80 2.65 1.81 0/0 6.8ns 5.7ns 19.1ns
Jinbu 5.11 2.83 1.81 0/1 6.7 6.1 19.2

nsnot significant

Table 7
Sensory quality of cooked rice (-3~+3).
Table 7
Variety Factors of palatability Palatability
Appearance Fragrance Taste Stickiness Texture
Jinhan 0.16 0.06 0.22 0.27 0.19 0.23
Jinbu -0.04 0.12 0.16 -0.05 0.00 0.09

nsnot significant

재배상의 유의점
‘진한’은 질소질 비료를 과용하면 쌀 품질이 좋지 않고, 등숙저하, 숙색불량 및 병해충의 발생과 도복이 우려되므로 품종특성에 맞는 적정 균형시비가 필요하다. 특히 바이러스병인 줄무늬잎마름병, 오갈병 및 멸구류에 저항성이 없으므로 적기 기본방제가 필요하고, 성숙기 포장에서 조기낙수시 등숙이 불량하여 불완전미 발생 및 도정수율이 낮아질 수 있다.
‘진한’은 남한의 북부 고랭지에 적응하는 고품질 조생품종을 육성할 목적으로 2003년 하계에 조생종이며 수량성이 높은 ‘철원68호’와 내냉성이 강하고 쌀 품질이 우수한 ‘중화’와 인공교배하였다. F2부터 F5까지 파생계통육종법을 적용하여 우량계통을 선발하여 유전적으로 고정된 SR28990-B-7-2-1계통을 선발하여 ‘진부56호’로 계통명을 부여하였다. 2013년부터 2015년까지 지역적응시험 3년을 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2015년 12월 농촌진흥청 직무육성 신품종선정위원회에서 신품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 내냉성 고품질 품종 ‘진한’으로 명명되었다. ‘진한’의 본답생육일수는 우리나라 북부고령지인 진부지역 보통기 재배에서 116일로 ‘진부’와 동일한 조생종이고, 벼 간장은 61 cm로 ‘진부’ 71 cm보다 작은 단간이며, 이삭길이는 17 cm, 주당 이삭수 16개로 ‘진부’와 비슷한 특성이고, 이삭당 입수도 66개로 ‘진부’보다 5개 정도 많은 특성이었다. 등숙률은 92.3%로 ‘진부’하고 비슷한 특성이고, 현미 천립중이 19.5 g으로 중소립종이다. ‘진한’은 단간이며 도복관련 특성이 우수했고 포장도복에도 강하게 반응하였으며, 수발아는 33.2%으로 대비품종인 ‘진부’보다 강한 반응을 보였다. ‘진한’의 내냉성 특성은 냉수구의 출수지연일 수는 내냉성이 강한 대비품종 ‘진부’보다 7일 짧았으며, 냉수구 임실율은 58%으로 대비품종보다 낮은 특성을 보였다. ‘진한’의 백미외관은 심복백이 0으로 맑고 투명하여 쌀의 외관품질이 우수하였다. 쌀의 이화학적 특성 중 단백질함량은 5.7%로 ‘진부’보다 낮아서 미질특성이 우수하였고, 알카리붕괴도 및 아밀로스함량은 대비품종과 비슷한 특성을 보였다. ‘진한’의 밥맛 관능검정 결과 0.23로 대비품종 ‘진부’ 0.09보다 밥맛이 좋은 품종이었다. ‘진한’ 의 쌀수량은 중부고랭지 및 산간지 등 4개 지역에서 보통기 보비재배 평균 5.43 MT/ha로 ‘진부’의 5.38 MT/ha 보다 약간 증수되었다. 조생종 내냉성 고품질 품종 ‘진한’의 적응지역은 중북부고냉지 및 산간지이다.
본 논문은 농촌진흥청 연구사업(세부과제명: 북한 남부지대 기후대 적응 국내육성 벼 품종선발, 세부과제번호: PJ012657012019)의 지원으로 수행된 결과의 일부입니다. ‘진한’을 육성함에 있어 적극 협력하여 주신 국립식량과학원 벼 육종 연구팀 및 각 도농업기술원 지역적응시험 담당자들과 농촌진흥청 연구정책국 관계관 여러분께 깊이 감사 드립니다.
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An Early, Cold-Tolerant and High-Quality Rice ‘Jinhan’ Adaptable to Northern Central Highland
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2019;51(4):489-495.   Published online December 1, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2019.51.4.489
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An Early, Cold-Tolerant and High-Quality Rice ‘Jinhan’ Adaptable to Northern Central Highland
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2019;51(4):489-495.   Published online December 1, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2019.51.4.489
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An Early, Cold-Tolerant and High-Quality Rice ‘Jinhan’ Adaptable to Northern Central Highland
Image Image
Fig. 1 Pedigree diagram of ‘Jinhan’.
Fig. 2 Genealogical diagram of ‘Jinhan’.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

An Early, Cold-Tolerant and High-Quality Rice ‘Jinhan’ Adaptable to Northern Central Highland

Major agronomic traits and yield components.

Variety Days of growth in paddy fieldz Culm length (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of panicles/hill No. of spikelets/panicle Ratio of ripened grain (%) 1000-grain weight of brown rice (g)
Jinhan 116ns 61* 17ns 16ns 66ns 92.3ns 19.5*
Jinbu 116 71 17 15 61 92.3 23.8

Results of yield potential of ‘Jinhan’ on local adaptability test.

Culture Season Region Tested sites Average milled rice yield (MT/ha) Index (A/B)
Jinhan Jinbu
'13 '14 '15 Ave. (A) '13 '14 '15 Ave. (B)
Ordinary planting culture NMHz Jinbu 4.83 5.69 6.36 5.63ns 4.95 5.78 6.20 5.64 100
Middle-mountain plain area Cheolwon 5.04 6.23 5.90 5.72ns 4.80 6.02 5.62 5.48 104
Jeongseon 4.49 5.90 5.52 5.30ns 4.69 5.99 5.64 5.44 97
Average 4.77 6.07 5.71 5.51 4.75 6.01 5.63 5.46 101
Southern highlands Unbong 5.26 5.41 4.55 5.07ns 5.16 5.17 4.58 4.97 102
Average 4.91 5.81 5.58 5.43ns 4.90 5.74 5.51 5.38 101

Reaction to blast disease.

Variety Reaction to leaf blast at nursery test (0-9) Area ratio to leaf lesion of Magnaporthe grisea of sequential plantings (%) Reaction to neck blast (%)
No. of tested sites (14)
Rz M S Mean 1 2 3 4 5 Persistence (0-5) No. of susceptible race (40) Ichon Iksan
Jinhan 10 4 0 2.6ns 5 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 4 0.0ns 0.0ns
Jinbu 8 6 0 3.0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.0 0.0

Response to physiological and lodging characteristics.

Variety Premature heading (%) Occurrence of wilting Leaf senescence at maturing Viviparous germinationz (%) lodging characteristics
Plant height (cm) Third internode length (cm) Moment (g. cm) Lodging (0-9)y
Jinhan 42.0* Strong Late 33.2ns 83 9.8* 1,092 1
Jinbu 67.7 Strong Late 39.9 93 13.6 1,307 1

Variation of cold tolerance characteristics.

Variety Leaf discoloration (1-9)z Heading delay (day) Culm length reduction (%) Panicle exsertion (1-9)z Spikelet fertility reduction (%) Phenotypic acceptabilityy (1-9)z Low-temperature germination (%)
Jinhan 4ns 8* 23ns 5ns 58ns 4ns 97ns
Jinbu 4 15 25 7 62 4 95

Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.

Variety Brown rice White core/velly Alkali digestive value (1~7) Protein content (%) Amylose content (%)
Length (mm) Width (mm) L/W ratio
Jinhan 4.80 2.65 1.81 0/0 6.8ns 5.7ns 19.1ns
Jinbu 5.11 2.83 1.81 0/1 6.7 6.1 19.2

Sensory quality of cooked rice (-3~+3).

Variety Factors of palatability Palatability
Appearance Fragrance Taste Stickiness Texture
Jinhan 0.16 0.06 0.22 0.27 0.19 0.23
Jinbu -0.04 0.12 0.16 -0.05 0.00 0.09
Table 1 Major agronomic traits and yield components.

days from transplanting to maturity

significant at 5%, nsnot significant

Table 2 Results of yield potential of ‘Jinhan’ on local adaptability test.

NMH: Northron-middle highland

not significant

Table 3 Reaction to blast disease.

R: resistant (0~3); M: moderately resistant (4~6); S: susceptible (7~9)N fertilizer: Blast nursery test = 240kg/ha, Neck blast = 220kg/ha

not significant

Table 4 Response to physiological and lodging characteristics.

Germination rate at 7 days after incubation in 25℃ chamber

Germination Lodging in the field (0: Resistance, 9: Susceptible)

significant at 5%, nsnot significant

Table 5 Variation of cold tolerance characteristics.

significant at 5%, nsnot significant

Evaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: Tolerance, 9: Susceptible)

Phenotypic Acceptability: tillering stage

Table 6 Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.

not significant

Table 7 Sensory quality of cooked rice (-3~+3).

nsnot significant

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

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