1농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 과수과
2농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소
3농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 배연구소
4농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소
5농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 남해출장소
6강원도농업기술원 원예연구과
7충청북도농업기술원 포도연구소
8전라북도농업기술원 원예과
9전라남도농업기술원 과수연구소
10경상북도농업기술원 원예경영연구과
11경상북도농업기술원 청도복숭아연구소
12경상북도농업기술원 상주감연구소
13경상남도농업기술원 단감연구소
14제주특별자치도농업기술원 감귤아열대연구과
1Fruit Res. Div., Nat̻l Inst. Hort. and Herb. Sci., Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
2Apple Res. Inst., Naṯl Inst. Hort. and Herb. Sci., Gunwi 39000, Republic of Korea
3Pear Res. Inst., Nat’l Inst. Hort. and Herb. Sci., Naju 58216, Republic of Korea
4Citrus Res. Inst., Nat’l Inst. Hort. and Herb. Sci., Seogwipo 63607, Republic of Korea
5Namhae Branch, Nat’l Inst. Hort. and Herb. Sci., Namhae 2430, Republic of Korea
6Hort. Res. Div., Gangwondo Agric. Res. and Ext. Serv., Chuncheon 2422, Republic of Korea
7Grape Res. Inst., Chungcheongbukdo Agric. Res. and Ext. Serv., Okcheon 2901, Republic of Korea
8Hort. Industry Div., Jeollabukdo Agric. Res. and Ext. Serv., Gimjae 54591, Republic of Korea
9Fruit Res. Center., Jeollanamdo Agric. Res. and Ext. Serv., Haenam 5021, Republic of Korea
10Hort. and Management Res. Dept., Gyeongsangbukdo Agric. Res. and Ext. Serv. (GARES), Daegu 444, Republic of Korea
11Cheongdo Peach Res. Inst., GBARES, Cheongdo 3835, Republic of Korea
12Sangju Persimmon Res. Inst., GBARES, Sangju 3768, Republic of Korea
13Sweet Persimmon Res. Inst., Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Res. and Ext. Serv., Jinyeong 5087, Republic of Korea
14Citrus and Subtropical Tree Res. Div., Jejudo Agric. Res. and Ext. Serv., Seogwipo 63556, Republic of Korea
Copyright © 2020 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
| Total | Apple | Pear | Peach & Nectarine | Plum & Prune | Apricot | Sweet & tart cherry | Plumcot | Grape | Persimmon | Citrus | Kiwifruit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,497 | 1,268 | 889 | 379 | 124 | 82 | 73 | 5 | 858 | 207 | 440 | 172 |
| Fruit species | Research year | Research goal |
|---|---|---|
| Apple | 1986~ | Dwarf rootstock development through the hybridization between native Malus species and M. 9, M. 26 etc. |
| 2003~2004 | Root rot resistant breeding stain selection in M.9×MM.106 cross seedlings | |
| Pear | 1977~1978 | Collection of native species and local cultivars and usefulness evaluation as rootstock |
| 1986 | Usefulness evaluation as rootstock of cross seedlings between Pyrus fauriei and P. betulifolia, P. pyrifolia, P. communis | |
| 1992~ | Drought and waterlogging resistance evaluation of cross seedlings between OPR-265z and P. fauriei | |
| 1997~2005 | Selection of pysiological disorder resistant rootstock from cross seedlings between P. fauriei and P. betulifolia | |
| 1999~2008 | Selection of Phytophthora root rot resistant seedlings | |
| 2009~ | Selection of water-related stress resistant rootstock | |
| Peach | 1984~1995 | Collection of local Prunus tomentosa and usefulness evaluation for dwarf rootstock |
| Stone fruit | 2017~ | Selection of late bud sprouting peach rootstock and of rootstock for sweet cherry and plumcot |
| Persimmon | 1985 | Rootstock usefulness evaluation of seedlings with inbreeding depression and cross seedlings between cultivars with short shoot internode character |
| 1995~1997 | ||
| Grape | 2003~2009 | Selection of Viteus vitifolii, Agrobacterium vitis resistant seedlings |
| Citrus | 2001~2007 | Development of Shiranui-suitable rootstock |
| Organization | Number of research personnel | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Total | Senior researcher | Junior researcher | ||
| Kangwon ARESz | Horticultural Research Division | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Chungbuk ARES | Grape Research Institute | 2 | 2 | |
| Cheonbuk ARES | Horticultural Division | 1 | 1 | |
| Cheonnam ARES | Fruit Research Institute | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| Gyeongbuk ARES | Horticultural Management and Research Division | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Cheongdo Peach Research Institute | 2 | 2 | ||
| Sangju Persimmon Research Institute | 2 | 2 | ||
| Gyeongnam ARES | Sweet Persimmon Research Institute | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Jeju ARES | Citrus and Subtropic Fruit Research Division | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| Total | 23 | 5 | 18 | |
Changes of fruit breeding organizations in Rural Development Administration (RDA).
| Effective date | Decree/rule | Reorganization |
|---|---|---|
| 1953.5.20. | 대통령령 제790호 | 중앙농업기술원 시험부 원예과 폐지, 중앙원예기술원 신설, 중앙농업기술원 김해과수육묘원을 중앙원예기술원 시험지로 편입(육종부 제2과, 김해시험지) |
| 1954.1.18. | 대통령령 제863호 | 농업기술원 시험부를 시험제1부와 시험제2부로 개편(시험제2부 원예과) |
| 1957.5.28. | 대통령령 제1274호 | 농업기술원을 농사원으로 개편, 원예시험장(Horticultural Experiment Station) 신설(원예시험장 제2과, 김해지장) |
| 1958.1.1. | 대통령령 제1274호 | 중앙원예기술원 폐지 |
| 1961.10.2. | 각령 제183호 | 농사원 원예시험장을 시험국 작물원예부로 통합(작물원예부 과수과, 김해시험장) |
| 1962.3.29. | 각령 제615호 | 농사원을 농촌진흥청(Rural Development Administration)으로 개편, 원예시험장 재설치(과수과, 김해지장) |
| 1966.6.20. | 대통령령 제2586호 | 제주시험장(Jeju Experiment Station)에 원예 기능 신설 |
| 1967.9.8. | 대통령령 제32110호 | 과수과를 과수육종과, 과수재배과로 확대 개편 |
| 1970.4.8. | 대통령령 제4873호 | 과수육종과를 과수육종연구담당관으로 변경 |
| 김해지장 과수 업무 폐지, 나주지장으로 이관, 나주지장 신설 | ||
| 1973.7.14. | 농수산부령 제536호 | 남해출장소 설치 |
| 1974.12.31. | 대통령령 제7526호 | 과수제1연구담당관, 과수제2연구담당관으로 개편 |
| 제주시험장 감귤 품종개량 기능 신설 | ||
| 1976.12.31 | 대통령령 제8390호 | 제주시험장 원예연구담당관 신설 |
| 1981.11.2. | 대통령령 제10548호 | 과수제1, 2연구담당관을 과수1, 2과로 개칭(직제 시행규칙 개정 없이 육종 업무를 과수2과로 일원화) |
| 1991.11.15. | 대통령령 제13506호 | 과수연구소 신설(과수육종과, 대구사과연구소, 나주배연구소, 제주감귤연구소) |
| 1994.12.23. | 대통령령 제14455호 | 과수연구소와 원예시험장 통합하여 원예연구소(Horticultural Research Institute)로 개칭(과수육종과, 대구사과연구소, 나주배연구소, 제주감귤연구소, 남해출장소) |
| 제주시험장을 제주농업시험장(Jeju Agricultural Experiment Station)으로 개칭 | ||
| 1999.5.24. | 대통령령 제16349호 | 원예연구소 감귤연구소를 제주농업시험장으로 이관(제주농업시험장 감귤시험장) |
| 2001 | 원예연구소에 원예생명공학연구팀 신설 | |
| 2002.3.6. | 농림부령 제1411호 | 원예연구소에 원예생명공학과 신설 |
| 2004.1.9. | 대통령령 제18212호 | 제주농업시험장을 난지농업연구소(National Institute of Subtropical Agriculture)로 개편 |
| 2004.1.29. | 농림부령 제1454호 | 과수육종과와 과수재배과를 과수과로 통합 |
| 사과연구소, 배연구소를 사과시험장, 배시험장으로 개칭 | ||
| 감귤시험장을 감귤과로 개칭 | ||
| 2005.4.21. | 농림부령 제1493호 | 과수과에 포도연구센터 신설 |
| 2007 | 배시험장에 감연구실 신설 | |
| 2008.10.8. | 대통령령 제21078호 | 원예연구소를 국립원예특작과학원(National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science)으로 개편 |
| 난지농업연구소를 온난화대응농업연구센터로 개편, 감귤시험장을 국립원예특작과학원으로 통합(과수과, 사과시험장, 배시험장, 감귤시험장, 온난화대응농업연구센터, 남해출장소) | ||
| 2014 | 국립원예특작과학원 기본운영규정 | 온난화대응연구센터의 키위 육종 업무를 남해출장소로 일원화 |
Land area being used for fruit breeding programs at National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration.
| Research organization | Fruit species | Breeding block acreage (ha) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 87.98 | ||
| Fruit Research Division | Apple | 4.94 | Germplasm conservation |
| Pear | 4.93 | Germplasm conservation | |
| Stone fruit | 18.29 | ||
| Grape | 13.71 | ||
| Others | 4.00 | Blueberries, greenhouse, etc | |
| Apple Research Institute | Apple | 11.93 | |
| Pear Research Institute | Pear | 4.34 | |
| Sweet persimmon | 5.01 | ||
| Citrus Research Institute | Citrus | 8.26 | |
| Namhae Sub-institute | Kiwifruit | 12.57 |
Germplasms being conserved in research organizations of Rural Development Administration in 2017.
| Total | Apple | Pear | Peach & Nectarine | Plum & Prune | Apricot | Sweet & tart cherry | Plumcot | Grape | Persimmon | Citrus | Kiwifruit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,497 | 1,268 | 889 | 379 | 124 | 82 | 73 | 5 | 858 | 207 | 440 | 172 |
Frequently used varieties as parent in Korean apple breeding programs.
| Variety | Number of used as seed or pollen parent | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Seed parent | Pollen parent | Total | |
| Fuji | 99 | 96 | 195 |
| Hongro | 85 | 45 | 130 |
| Jonathan | 48 | 55 | 103 |
| Tsugaru | 57 | 44 | 101 |
| Sansa | 41 | 33 | 74 |
| Golden Delicious | 30 | 36 | 66 |
| Hwahong | 41 | 25 | 66 |
| Gamhong | 29 | 30 | 59 |
| McIntosh Wijcik | 9 | 38 | 47 |
| Chugwang | 23 | 22 | 45 |
| 14-108 | 24 | 20 | 44 |
| Ralls Janet | 28 | 15 | 43 |
Frequently used varieties as parent in Korean pear breeding programs.
| Variety | Number of used as seed or pollen parent | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Seed parent | Pollen parent | Total | |
| Whanggeumbae | 110 | 49 | 159 |
| Okusankichi | 57 | 31 | 88 |
| Niitaka | 83 | 0 | 83 |
| Gamcheonbae | 38 | 24 | 62 |
| Imamuraaki | 25 | 36 | 61 |
| Hosui | 30 | 25 | 55 |
| Wonhwang | 30 | 24 | 54 |
| Kosui | 35 | 19 | 54 |
| Shinsui | 30 | 22 | 52 |
| Nijisseiki | 27 | 22 | 49 |
| Manpungbae | 24 | 22 | 46 |
| Bartlett | 5 | 38 | 43 |
Frequently used varieties as parent in Korean peach and nectarine breeding programs.
| Variety | Number of used as seed or pollen parent | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Seed parent | Pollen parent | Total | |
| Jinmi | 26 | 42 | 68 |
| Changhowonhwangdo | 46 | 18 | 64 |
| Yumyong | 38 | 16 | 54 |
| Kawanakajima Hakutou | 54 | 0 | 54 |
| Reihou | 18 | 30 | 48 |
| Hakutou | 43 | 0 | 43 |
| Sungold | 33 | 4 | 37 |
| Cheonhong | 7 | 29 | 36 |
| Hakuhou | 19 | 16 | 35 |
| Nagasawa Hakuhou | 19 | 16 | 35 |
| Nunomewase | 2 | 32 | 34 |
| Chiyomaru | 1 | 30 | 31 |
Frequently used varieties as parent in Korean grape breeding programs.
| Variety | Number of used as seed or pollen parent | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Seed parent | Pollen parent | Total | |
| Campbell Early | 76 | 100 | 176 |
| Hongju Seedless | 68 | 45 | 113 |
| Cheongsu | 15 | 83 | 98 |
| Kyohou | 45 | 27 | 72 |
| Alden | 36 | 25 | 61 |
| Flame Seedless | 21 | 36 | 57 |
| Tamnara | 30 | 22 | 52 |
| Centennial | 28 | 23 | 51 |
| Ruby Okuyama | 35 | 15 | 50 |
| Muscat of Alexandria | 22 | 27 | 49 |
| Princess | 22 | 27 | 49 |
| Schuyler | 21 | 19 | 40 |
Frequently used varieties as parent in Korean Citrus breeding programs.
| Variety | Number of used as seed or pollen parent | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Seed parent | Pollen parent | Total | |
| Kiyomi | 87 | 1 | 88 |
| Prince Kiyomi | 70 | 0 | 70 |
| Harehime | 46 | 0 | 46 |
| Ponkan | 0 | 42 | 42 |
| Yumei | 32 | 9 | 41 |
| Benimadonna | 34 | 4 | 38 |
| Shiranui | 8 | 24 | 32 |
| Sinyaegam | 22 | 7 | 29 |
| Haryejosaeng | 8 | 19 | 27 |
| Nankou | 23 | 3 | 26 |
| Washington Navel | 25 | 0 | 25 |
| Kishu mandarine | 3 | 22 | 25 |
Korean fruit rootstock breeding programs in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Research year | Research goal |
|---|---|---|
| Apple | 1986~ | Dwarf rootstock development through the hybridization between native Malus species and M. 9, M. 26 etc. |
| 2003~2004 | Root rot resistant breeding stain selection in M.9×MM.106 cross seedlings | |
| Pear | 1977~1978 | Collection of native species and local cultivars and usefulness evaluation as rootstock |
| 1986 | Usefulness evaluation as rootstock of cross seedlings between Pyrus fauriei and P. betulifolia, P. pyrifolia, P. communis | |
| 1992~ | Drought and waterlogging resistance evaluation of cross seedlings between OPR-265z and P. fauriei | |
| 1997~2005 | Selection of pysiological disorder resistant rootstock from cross seedlings between P. fauriei and P. betulifolia | |
| 1999~2008 | Selection of Phytophthora root rot resistant seedlings | |
| 2009~ | Selection of water-related stress resistant rootstock | |
| Peach | 1984~1995 | Collection of local Prunus tomentosa and usefulness evaluation for dwarf rootstock |
| Stone fruit | 2017~ | Selection of late bud sprouting peach rootstock and of rootstock for sweet cherry and plumcot |
| Persimmon | 1985 | Rootstock usefulness evaluation of seedlings with inbreeding depression and cross seedlings between cultivars with short shoot internode character |
| 1995~1997 | ||
| Grape | 2003~2009 | Selection of Viteus vitifolii, Agrobacterium vitis resistant seedlings |
| Citrus | 2001~2007 | Development of Shiranui-suitable rootstock |
Studies on fruit mutation induction in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Variety | Research year | Research goal | Used tissue | Used agent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apple | Fuji | 1987~1989 | Mutant induction | In vitro cultured tissue | Gamma ray |
| Fuji | 1993~1995 | Polyploid induction | In vitro cultured tissue | Colchicine | |
| Hunter Melba, etc | 1994~1997 | Treatment method setup | Hardwood | Colchicine | |
| Polyploid induction | |||||
| Fuji, Sekaiichi | 1996~1997 | Mutant induction | Leaf bud, shoot tip | 5-Bromouracil, Acridin, EMS, MMS | |
| Fuji, Sansa, Gala, MM.106 | Hardwood | Gamma ray | |||
| Fuji, Gala | In vitro cultured tissue | ||||
| Pear | Hosui, Korean native pear | 1984~1986 | Mutant induction | Hardwood, softwood | Gamma ray |
| Shinsui, Nijisseiki | 1991~1994 | Leaf spot resistant genotype development | In vitro cultured tissue | Gamma ray | |
| Niitaka | 1996~1998 | Mutant induction | Colchicine, EMS, NMU | ||
| Peach | Yumyeong, Red Leaf | 1984~1986 | Mutant induction | Hardwood, softwood | Gamma ray |
| Grape | Siebel 9110 | 1987~1989 | Mutant induction | In vitro cultured tissue | Gamma ray |
| Campbell Early, etc | 1992~1998 | Tetraploid induction | In vitro cultured tissue | Colchicine | |
| Citrus | Hassaku, Miyauchi Iyokan | 1995~2000 | Seedless polyploid induction | Seed | Gamma ray |
| Unshyu, Orange | 2009~2013 | Breeding material development | Calus | Colchicine | |
| Tambit #1, Shinyaegam, MOR, OR, etc | 2014~2018 | Seedless genotype development | Softwood | Gamma ray | |
| Sweet persimmon | Nishimurawase, Jirou | 1991~1994 | Complete sweet persimmon development | In vitro cultured tissue | Gamma ray |
| Nishimurawase | 2012~2016 | Hardwood | Gamma ray | ||
| Akebia | Korean native | 1968 | Polyploid induction | Seed | Colchicine |
Fruit genetic studies in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Research year | Research goal |
|---|---|---|
| Apple | 1982~1984 | Correlation study between leaf characters and fruit characters in 43 apple varieties |
| 1986~1988 | Genetic mode of inheritance of altenaria leaf spot using 2018 seedlings from 32 cross combinations | |
| 1993~1994 | Correlation study between leaf bud characters and fruit characters using 60 apple varieties | |
| 1993~1996 | Genetic mode of inheritance of major traits using 1630 seedlings from 30 cross combinations | |
| 1993 | Genetic mode of inheritance of columnar trait using 136 seedlings from 4 cross combinations including Starkrimson×McIntosh Wijcik | |
| Pear | 1977~1982 | Genetic mode of inheritance of major fruit traits using 742 seedlings from 15 cross combinations |
| 1988 | Correlation study between leaf characters and fruit characters using 4 cross combinations | |
| 1993 | Genetic mode of inheritance of fruit skin thickness and flavor using some cross combinations | |
| 1994 | Genetic mode of inheritance of major traits using 3 cross combinations | |
| 1995 | Genetic mode of inheritance of major fruit traits using 3500 seedlings from 14 cross combinations | |
| 1997~1999 | Genetic mode of inheritance of pear scab resistance using 1633 seedlings from 27 cross combinations |
Studies on the shortening of juvenile phase of cross seedlings in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Research year | Aplicated treatment |
|---|---|---|
| Apple | 1996~2000 | Seedling raising pot size, pot media, growth regulators (SADH, ABA), seedling trunk girdling, grafting |
| Pear | 1991~1992 | Seedling height, internode length, planting degree, trunk girdling |
| 1994~1997 | long day light | |
| 1998~2000 | Grafting, top working, scoring, slanted training, ethephon | |
| Grape | 1994~1997 | Trunk girdling, rolled up training |
| Citrus | 1982~1985 | Embryo culture |
| 1995 | Shoot tipping, budding | |
| Yuzu | 1981 | Inverted bark grafting, trunk girdling, slanted training (30, 60°), root cutting |
Studies on the molecular marker development in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Research year | Target trait | Used marker system |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apple | 1999 | Columnar shoot | RAPD |
| 2003~2006 | Altenaria leaf spot | RAPD, AFLP, SSR | |
| 2005~2007 | White rot | SSR | |
| 2005~2007 | White rot, marssonia blotch | SSR, AFLP | |
| 2011~2015 | Self-thinning | RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP | |
| 2015~2017 | Major traits | GBS/GWAS | |
| Pear | 2001~2004 | Pear scab | RAPD, AFLP, SSR, QTL |
| 2002~2004 | Major fruit traits | RAPD, AFLP | |
| 2002~2005 | Pear scab | RAPD, AFLP | |
| 2005~2007 | Dwarf tree | AFLP, SSR | |
| 2014~2016 | GBS/SNP | ||
| Peach | 1999~ | Male sterility, pit freeness, fruit acidity, fruit hardness | RAPD, AFLP |
| Grape | 2015~2017 | Crown gall, Ripe rot | GWAS/SNP |
| 2018~ | Major traits | GWAS/SNP | |
| Citrus | 1995~ | Major traits | RAPD |
| 2009~2013 | Citrus scab | SRAP | |
| Persimmon | 2016 | Male flower development | RAPD |
Studies on the molecular marker development for variety identification in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Research year | Used marker system |
|---|---|---|
| Apple | 1991~1995 | RAPD |
| Apple, pear | 1990 | Protein, isozyme |
| Pear | 2012 | SSR |
| Peach | 1994~1995 | RAPD |
| Peach, grape | 2012 | SSR, RAPD, AFLP |
| Persimmon | 1989 | Isozyme (AAT) |
| 2012 | RAPD, SSR | |
| Citrus | 2009~2013 | SSR |
| Kiwifruit | 1998~ | RAPD |
| 2005~2008 | SSR | |
| Jujube | 1986 | Isozymes (ADH, MDH, GOT, esterase) |
Studies on the establishment of tissue culture systems in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Variety | Research year | Research goal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apple | Fuji, M.26 | 1983~1984 | In vitro multiplication system |
| Fuji, Gala, Mark | 1994~1996 | Hardening methods of in vitro culture plantlet | |
| Pear | Wonhwang, etc | 1997 | In vitro multiplication system |
| Rootstock varieties | 2000 | Optimal media for shoot tip culture | |
| Peach | Kurakatawase | 1982~1986 | Optimal conditions for embryo culture of early season peach varieties |
| Baekmijosaeng | 1995~1997 | Establishment of in vitro multiplication system | |
| Grape | Campbell Early, etc | 1984~1986 | Optimal media for anther culture |
| Cheongsu | 1996~2002 | Embryo culture system | |
| Citrus | 1995~1996 | Hardening methods of in vitro culture plantlet | |
| 2014~2018 | Anther culture system | ||
| Hazelnut | 1979 | In vitro multiplication system |
Studies on the establishment of genetic transformation systems in research organizations of Rural Development Administration.
| Fruit species | Variety | Research year | Used tissue | Research goal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apple | Fuji | 1990~1991 | Leaf, coleoptile | Regeneration system |
| Fuji, etc | 1992~1998 | in vitro cultured leaves | ||
| Fuji McIntosh Wijcik | 2000~2002 | in vitro cultured leaves | Transformants with B-Peru, DFR), MdMADS2, MdMADS4 Rab, CAX, etc | |
| Gamhong, Hongro | 2005~2007 | in vitro cultured leaves | Transformants with CAX1, CRT | |
| M.9, etc | 2005~2007 | in vitro cultured leaves | Dwarf transformants | |
| Grape | Campbell Early, Kyoho | 1996~1997 | in vitro cultured leaves | Regeneration system |
| Citrus | 1995 | in vitro cultured shoots | Co-culturing conditions | |
| Unshyu mandarine | 1995 | Peel disorder resistant lines | ||
| Kiwifruit | Hayward | 2002~2008 | in vitro cultured shoots | Regeneration system |
Research organizations and personnel for fruit breeding programs in provincial governments.
| Organization | Number of research personnel | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Senior researcher | Junior researcher | ||
| Kangwon ARESz | Horticultural Research Division | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Chungbuk ARES | Grape Research Institute | 2 | 2 | |
| Cheonbuk ARES | Horticultural Division | 1 | 1 | |
| Cheonnam ARES | Fruit Research Institute | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| Gyeongbuk ARES | Horticultural Management and Research Division | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Cheongdo Peach Research Institute | 2 | 2 | ||
| Sangju Persimmon Research Institute | 2 | 2 | ||
| Gyeongnam ARES | Sweet Persimmon Research Institute | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Jeju ARES | Citrus and Subtropic Fruit Research Division | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| Total | 23 | 5 | 18 | |
OPR: Oregon pear rootstock
ARES: Agricultural Research and Extension Services