The intermediate breeding material ‘JJ625LG’ was developed to diversify the grain shape characteristics of Korean
‘Saebonghwang’ was developed as a mid-late ripening rice variety with good cultivation stability and yield in transplanting and under direct seeding cultivation. It was bred by backcrossing ‘Hopum’, which has excellent cultivation stability and adaptability to direct seeding, as a repeat parent, and ‘Hitomebore,’ a Japanese rice variety with excellent taste, as a donor. The heading date of ‘Saebonghwang’ was August 11 under ordinary planting, which is two days earlier than that of ‘Nampyeong’, and August 13 under wet-direct seeding cultivation, which is the same as that of ‘Dongan’. ‘Saebonghwang’ had a culm length of 74 cm under wet-direct seeding cultivation, which is larger than that of ‘Dongan’ (69 cm), and had good cultivation stability, including lodging resistance. ‘Saebonghwang’ is resistant to bacterial leaf blight and rice stripe virus and shows moderate resistance to rice blast. Furthermore, ‘Saebonghwang’ has better grain appearance, superior taste and better milling characteristics than ‘Nampyeong’. The yield of ‘Saebonghwang’ when cultivated under ordinary planting, wet-direct seeding, and double cropping was 5.65, 5.37, and 5.37 MT/ha, respectively. Under wet direct sowing by drone cultivation, ‘Saebonghwang’ showed good initial survival rate and cultivation stability. The yield was 4.49 MT/ha, slightly lower than that obtained under transplanted cultivation (5.03 MT/ha), but was not statistically different; therefore, ‘Saebonghwang’ was adjudged to be adaptable to drone wet-direct seeding. ‘Saebonghwang’ can be used in various ways to suit the working conditions of farms, increase farm work efficiency, and expand the area of wet direct-seeding cultivation (Registration No. 9171).
The rice cultivar ‘Namchan’ was developed to achieve high yields under low-nitrogen fertilizer conditions and enhance cultivation stability. ‘Namchan’ was derived from a cross between ‘Nikomaru’, a Japanese rice cultivar known for its excellent ripening ability in high-temperature conditions, and ‘Saenuri’, a Korean mega rice cultivar renowned for its high cultivation stability. To shorten the breeding period, anther culture was applied to F1 plants. ‘Namchan’ was selected through the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests, with high selection pressure for ripening ability and cultivation stability. The heading date of ‘Namchan’ was August 16, four days later than that of ‘Nampyeong’. ‘Namchan’ exhibited strong tolerance to lodging and preharvest sprouting, indicating high cultivation stability. Despite having more grains and panicles compared to that in ‘Nampyeong’, ‘Namchan’ exhibited excellent ripening ability, presumed to be inherited from ‘Nikomaru’. ‘Namchan’ showed intermediate resistance to rice blast and resistance to bacterial blight and rice stripe virus. ‘Namchan’ had excellent grain appearance, improved milling performance, and superior taste compared to ‘Nampyeong’. ‘Namchan’ exhibited a yield of 6.34 MT/ha under normal nitrogen fertilizer conditions, and its index at 115%, when compared to that of ‘Nampyeong’, is the highest among Korean japonica rice varieties. It exhibited a high yield of 5.45 MT/ha even under low-nitrogen fertilizer conditions. ‘Namchan’ is promising as an outstanding cultivar that can contribute to carbon neutrality through the reduction of nitrogen fertilizers and greenhouse gases (Registration No. 8134).
The cultivated area of glutinous rice in the Homan Plain of Korea is increasing to diversify the cropping system. Depending on the time of transplanting, glutinous rice can be divided into early, ordinary, and late cultivation. Eight glutinous rice cultivars (Baegseolchal, Baekogchal, Boramchal, Boseogchal, Dongjinchal, JJ644wx, Nunbora, and Sinseonchal) were used to evaluate yield, pasting properties, and texture according to cultivation time and to analyze the genotype-environment relationship. There were nine yield-related, six pasting-related, and four texture-related traits studied. Heading date and culm length were shortened as cultivation time increased, while panicle length, number of spikelets, and 1,000-grain weight increased. Furthermore, late cultivation time also reduced pasting properties, peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity. Hardness and adhesiveness among the texture properties increased with cultivation time, but stickiness decreased. The variation in 1,000-grain weight is mostly dominated by genotype, whereas heading date and yield are heavily influenced by environmental factors. All pasting property characteristics varied with environment changes, and genotype variation was dominant for all texture properties. Boramchal yielded the most in early and ordinary cultivation and Sinseonchal, together with Boramchal, yielded the most in late cultivation. Cultivars with excellent grain quality were Sinseonchal in early cultivation and Baegseolchal and Baekogchal in ordinary and late cultivation. A comparative analysis of characteristics based on cultivation time can assist in the selection of glutinous rice suitable for the Honam Plain and in the breeding of cultivars with improved yield and excellent grain quality.
The rice cultivar ‘Chamdongjin’ was developed to enhance the disease resistance of ‘Sindongjin’. ‘Sindongjin’, developed by the RDA in 1999, is a mega-variety with a unique grain size and excellent taste, and has been cultivated in the largest area in Korea since 2018. As ‘Sindongjin’ has been cultivated in a large area recently, problems such as pest damage are increasing, and the necessity to develop alternative cultivars is emerging. Accordingly, the multiple disease-resistant, mid-late maturing rice cultivar ‘Chamdongjin’, carrying the bacterial blight resistance gene
“JJ603Balck” is a mid-late maturing high-yielding black rice having multiple-disease resistance. It was developed to increase the yield and disease resistance of Korean black rice. “JJ603Black” was derived from a cross between “Heughyang” and BC2F1 plants (Hopum*3/SR30075-1-12-6-1-1-1). “Heughyang” is a mid-late black rice with a short culm, while “Hopum” is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high yields and premium quality, and “SR30075” is a pyramid line carrying three bacterial blight resistance genes. “JJ603Black” was selected through the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests, with a high selection pressure for black pericarp, resistance to bacterial blight K3a race, and high yield performance. The heading date of “JJ603Black” was August 19, 8 d later than that of “Heugnam,” which is the standard cultivar for black rice. “JJ603Black” is a cultivar tolerant to lodging with erect plant architecture. It showed multiple-disease resistance against bacterial blight and rice stripe virus owing to introgression resistance genes,
Temperate
Interspecific and intersubspecific crosses have been an important strategy for rice breeding programs to obtain useful characters by expanding genetic diversity. However, the wide cross routinely causes undesirable characters in rice, such as spikelet sterility and poor quality. In this study, we developed near-isogenic lines of
‘Jonong’ is an early maturing whole crop silage (WCS)
Rice is the most important staple food in Korea. Rice blast, caused by
The damage caused by typhoons to rice production has been increasing. To reduce this damage, wind-tolerant rice breeding programs have been conducted at the Yeongdeok substation (YS) of the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS). This study was conducted to examine the effects of these wind-tolerant rice breeding programs. Under the wind-tolerance screening facility (WTSF), the wind-tolerance of 17 rice varieties bred at NICS (usual rice) and 20 rice varieties bred at YS (wind-tolerant rice) were analyzed by evaluating six traits: white spikelet (WS), white panicle (WP), degree of wind damage (DG), ratio of ripened grain (RRG) at control (RRG_C) and treatment (RRG_T), and reduction rate of RRG between control and treatment (RRG_R). Wind-tolerant rice showed more wind-tolerant characteristics than usual rice, such as lower WS, WP, DG, and RRG_R and higher RRG_T and RRG_C. In the principal component analysis, wind-tolerant rice showing a similar direction for RRG_T and RRG_C were located separately from the usual rice. The adaptability tests of wind-tolerant rice were conducted by evaluating eight yield-related traits in the wind-prone areas. Wind-tolerant rice was divided into three clusters by K-means clustering analysis using WP and RRG_T with the WTSF, RRG, and yield in the wind-prone areas. Among the three clusters, YC2 had the strongest wind tolerance performance, followed by YC3 showing moderate wind tolerance, and YC1 the weakest wind tolerance. ‘Sinbo’, a variety belonging to YC2, exhibited the strongest wind tolerance and high yield potential among all varieties. The wind-tolerant rice varieties bred at YS could be used practically to prevent wind damage and utilize breeding materials to enhance the wind tolerance of rice varieties.
Early maturing rice is widely utilized to diversify cropping systems in the Honam Plain, Korea. It is based on the principle of a short growth duration. There is concern regarding quality deterioration of early maturing rice owing to the high temperature during the ripening stage as compared to that for mid and mid-late maturing rice. This study was conducted to analyze six pasting property-related and eight quality traits of six early maturing rice varieties (Jopyeong, Odae, Unkwang, Haedamssal, Jinkwang, and Haedeul) on early, ordinary, and late cultivations, and to interpret the relationships between genotypes and environments. As the cultivation time increased, the ratio of head rice (HR) and glossiness of cooked rice (Toyo value, TY) increased. The cumulative mean temperature of the ripening stage showed a strong negative correlation with HR and TY at all cultivation times. Pasting temperature, peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity, final viscosity, and breakdown (BD) decreased, whereas setback (SB) increased as the cultivation time was delayed. Pasting properties were affected more by climate conditions in the ripening stage than during the growth stage. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis revealed that pasting property-related and quality traits were affected more by environment than genotype. Jinkwang and Haedamssal in early and ordinary cultivation and Jinkwang and Haedeul in late cultivation exhibited higher HR and TY and a lower protein content. They also showed higher PV and BD and lower SB, which are characteristics of good eating quality japonica rice. Jinkwang, Haedamssal, and Haedeul are premium-quality, early maturing rice varieties that were recently developed. The cultivation of these varieties could improve the grain quality of early maturing rice at high temperatures during the ripening stage in the Honam Plain.
The cultivation of early maturing rice in the plain areas in Korea is increasingly diversifying its cropping systems. Early maturing rice cultivars are usually vulnerable to bacterial blight (BB) and rice stripe virus (RSV) compared to mid- and mid-late maturing rice cultivars. To enhance the resistance of early maturing rice against BB and RSV, ‘IS592BB’ was developed by introgression of resistance genes,
Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have enabled large-scale cost-effective genotypic analyses, and consequently, obtaining reliable phenotypic data has now become a major bottleneck in data-driven plant breeding. In order to construct a phenotype database for commercial rice varieties released by the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, we initiated a systematic phenotype evaluation project, with the aim of investigating the major agronomic traits of Korean rice varieties released during the period between 1979 and 2017. Despite the narrow genetic background, we found that the days to heading (DTH) and culm length (CL) of the 297 Korean rice varieties assessed exhibited wide phenotypic variation under different environments. Under normal planting cultivation in 2018, the DTH ranged from 48 to 104 days in Suwon, 46 to 111 days in Wanju, and 39 to 97 days in Miryang, with CL values ranging from 59 to 134 cm, 55 to 122 cm, and 57 to 106 cm, respectively. During early planting cultivation in 2019, the DTH ranged from 56 to 113 days (Suwon), 58 to 109 days (Wanju), and 58 to 100 days (Miryang), with corresponding CL values ranging from 63 to 119 cm, 55 to 93 cm, and 51 to 115 cm. Despite the difference of one month in planting dates in 2018 and 2019, DTH in the different years and regions showed highly significant positive correlations (r=0.90-0.98), whereas CL showed positive but weaker correlations (r=0.45-0.82). Furthermore, we detected a weak, although significant, correlation between DTH and CL in each environment (r=-0.18-0.35). Analyses of additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) were conducted for DTH and CL to identify rice varieties with stable phenotypes under different environments. We anticipate that the findings of this study will provide a useful rice phenotype database to facilitate genotype-phenotype association studies and data-driven rice breeding.
The cultivation of early maturing rice in the Honam plain area of Korea is increasing to diversify the cropping systems. The cropping systems of this rice are usually classified as early, ordinary, and late cultivations based on transplanting time. The characteristics of varieties vary depending on the cultivations. To evaluate the performance of varieties and interpret the relationships between genotype and environment, nine yield and 17 panicle-related traits of six early maturing rice varieties (Jopyeong, Odae, Unkwang, Haedamssal, Jinkwang, and Haedeul) were characterized on early, ordinary, and late cultivations. Heading date was longer in order of early, ordinary, and late cultivations. The cumulative mean temperature of growth stage was similar for all cultivations. The variation in the number of spikelets per panicle (NS) was mainly due to the variety and the traits related with secondary rachis-branch were affected more by variety than the traits related to primary rachis-branch. The varieties with the highest yield were Haedamssal on early maturing cultivation and Unkwang on ordinary and late cultivations. Haedamssal displayed a panicle-number type plant architecture with relatively higher number of panicles per hill (PN) and average NS. Unkwang exhibited panicle-weight type with many NS and less PN. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis revealed that, NS and HD were mostly affected by genotype and environment, respectively. Among yield-related traits, NS contributed the most to enhanced yield of varieties in all cultivations. NS could be the target trait of breeding programs intended to improve the yield potential of early maturing rice adaptable to the Honam plain area. However, proper PN should be considered because PN, which was negatively correlated with NS, also affected the yield.
Rice research in Korea during the past 100 years has gone through tremendous changes and improvements as the country underwent a turbulent history of transformation. Full-scale R&D modernization began in the 1970s, when the government focused policy on achieving self-sufficiency in rice in order to establish the foundation for national economic growth. A major landmark was reached by the development of the rice variety “Tongil” and its cultivation technology, which was at the core of the unprecedented Korean “Green Revolution”. Since achieving self-sufficiency in rice, the breeding goal of Korea moved from increasing yield to improving grain quality as more consumers began to seek high quality food products in the 1980s. This change led to the establishment of the high quality rice breeding platform for enhancing the global competitiveness of Korean rice to cope with the opening of domestic rice market in the 2000s. Currently, the major breeding goals in rice are developing premium quality cultivars for table rice and specialized cultivars for boosting processed food industry. To date, the National Institute of Crop Science has released a total of 300 rice cultivars, including 202 table rice and 98 specialized usage cultivars. Diverse technologies have been developed and utilized for breeding new rice cultivars to meet changing needs. In the next 100 years of rice breeding, the convergence of traditional crop improvement technologies and the new breeding technologies utilizing recent advances in biotechnology will play a crucial role in enhancing breeding efficiency.
‘Yechan’ is a high grain quality mid-late maturing rice cultivar with lodging tolerance and multiple disease resistance. It was a derived from a cross between ‘Hopum’ and ‘Iksan537’ (cultivar name ‘Haepum’). ‘Hopum’ is a high grain quality mid-late maturing rice cultivar with strong lodging tolerance and ‘Haepum’ is a high grain quality medium maturing rice cultivar with multiple disease resistance. To shorten the breeding period, another culture method was applied to the F1 plants. ‘Yechan’ was selected through the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests, with a high selection pressure for grain quality, lodging, and disease resistance. The heading date of ‘Yechan’ was August 14, one day later than that of ‘Nampyeong’. ‘Yechan’ is a cultivar tolerant to lodging and it has short culms. It has multiple disease resistance against rice blast, rice stripe virus, and bacterial blight, including the K3a race, the most virulent race in Korea. The yield of ‘Yechan’ was similar to that of ‘Nampyeong’. ‘Yechan’ showed excellent grain appearance, superior taste when cooked, and enhanced milling performance; thus, we concluded that it could contribute to the improvement of Korean
‘Seongsan’, an early multi-resistant japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between ‘Jopyeong’ and ‘Jungmo 1012’, was developed by the rice breeding team of the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration. The average heading date at the ordinary planting was July 25th in seven test spots. In response to physiological stresses, premature heading rate was very low and viviparous germination rate was relatively low (15.7%). In response to biotic stresses, ‘Seongsan’ showed resistance to bacterial blight pathogen K1 to K3, rice stripe virus, and blight leaf. The milled rice of ‘Seongsan’ was translucent with relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. The cooked rice had good palatability compared with that of ‘Chucheong’. The milled rice yield of this variety was approximately 5.52 MT/ha in a three-year local adaptability test. ‘Seongsan’ was an early maturing multi-resistant rice with good grain quality, and it was expected to be used as a representative for maturity diversification of rice cultivation area (Registration No. 7277).
Rice blast caused by the fungus
‘Sinjinbaek’ is a bacterial blight (BB)-resistant, mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality. To diversify the resistance genes and enhance the resistance of Korean rice cultivars against BB, ‘Sinjinbaek’ was developed from a cross between ‘Iksan493’ (cultivar name ‘Jinbaek’) and the F1 cross between ‘Hopum’ and ‘HR24670-9-2-1’ (‘HR24670’). ‘Jinbaek’ is a BB-resistant cultivar with two BB resistance genes,
‘Haepum’ is a bacterial blight-resistant, medium maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality. It was derived from a cross between ‘Iksan493’ (cultivar name ‘Jinbaek’) and the F1 cross between ‘Iksan495’ (‘Dacheong’) and ‘Iksan496’ (‘Jungmo1005’). Of these three cultivars, ‘Jinbaek’ is a bacterial blight-resistant mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality, ‘Dacheong’ is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with multiple resistance to disease and insects, and ‘Jungmo1005’ is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with lodging tolerance. To develop fixed lines, the anther culture method was applied to F1 plants. The cultivar ‘Haepum’ was selected using the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests. The heading date of ‘Haepum’ was August 11th, three days earlier than that of ‘Nampyeong’ cultivar. Haepum’ is a cultivar tolerant to lodging and it has short culms. Due to its low rate of viviparous germination, ‘Haepum’ could be useful for preventing pre-harvest sprouting in cultivation of medium maturing rice in the southern plain area of Korea. ‘Haepum’ carries two bacterial blight resistance genes (
It is reported that the absence of lipoxygenase-3 (LOX-3) may contribute to a reduction in stale flavor after the storage of rice. To improve the quality of stored rice of the Korean
Rice panicle architecture is an important factor affecting yield potential. Korean rice cultivars have a narrow genetic background for panicle architecture. To enhance the yield potential of Korean rice cultivars, we developed and characterized rice lines with new panicle architecture. Rice with improved panicle architecture has clustered spikelets and dense panicles (CD type). CD rice was derived from a cross between “Binhae Col.#1” carrying dense panicles, and “ARC10319” that has the clustered spikelets gene (
Joil’ is a multiple disease resistant early maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality. ‘Joil’ was derived from a single cross between ‘Unbong37’ (cultivar name ‘Unmi’) and ‘HR23156-26-2-3-5’. ‘Unmi’ is an early maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality and resistance to rice blast and stripe virus. ‘HR23156-26-2-3-5’ is an early maturing elite rice line with lodging resistance and cold tolerance. ‘Joil’ was selected through the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests. ‘Joil’ was an early maturing rice. The heading date of ‘Joil’ was July 16 in early transplanting cultivation, which was 2 days later than that of ‘Jopyeong’. ‘Joil’ was a lodging resistance rice with a short culm and showed better tolerance to viviparous germination than that of ‘Jopyeong’. ‘Joil’ was a multiple disease resistant rice with resistance against rice blast, bacterial blight, and stripe virus. ‘Joil’ showed higher yield in both early and late-transplanting cultivations than those of the standard rice cultivars ‘Jopyeong’ and ‘Geumo’. ‘Joil’ had enhanced grain quality under high temperature ripening conditions in early transplanting cultivation. The cooked rice had good grain appearance and taste attributes, and this cultivar had a higher head rice ratio than that of ‘Jopyeong’. ‘Joil’, a multiple disease resistant early maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality, would be suitable for early transplanting cultivation in the southern plain area (Registration No. 6792).
To enhance rice yield and diversify grain quality of Korean
‘Jungmo1045’, a multi-resistant japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between ‘Hanggeumnuri’ having a good eating-quality and high yield and ‘SR30071’ having brown planthopper (BPH) resistance, was developed by the rice breeding team of NICS, RDA in 2015. This cultivar has about 121 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea. It has 73cm culm length and 22cm panicle length. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows resistance to bacterial blight pathogen races from K1 to K3, stripe virus and brown planthopper. The milled rice of ‘Jungmo1045’ exhibits translucent, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It has good palatability of cooked rice compared with ‘Nampyeongbyeo’. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.74 MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. ‘Junngmo1045’ would be useful genetic resources for multi-resistance breeding program against disease and insect and eco-friendly cultivation.
To diversify the grain size and shape of
‘Manbaek’ is a bacterial blight resistant mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality. ‘Manbeak’ was derived from anther culture using the backcross combination, Hopum*2/SR30075. ‘Hopum’ is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality and ‘SR30075’ is a pyramid line carrying three bacterial blight resistance genes. ‘Manbaek’ was selected through the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests. ‘Manbeak’ carrying two bacterial blight resistance gene Xa3 and xa5 showed high-level and broad-spectrum resistance against bacterial blight. ‘Manbaek’ was resistant to K3a, mostly virulent race in Korea, and exhibited resistance reaction against 16 Korean bacterial blight isolates. ‘Manbaek’ was a mid-late maturing rice. The heading date of ‘Manbaek’ was August 19th, which was 5 days later than that of ‘Nampyeong’. Manbaek’ was a lodging-tolerant rice with short culm and dark green leaf. Due to the low viviparous germination, ‘Manbaek’ could be a useful material to prevent pre-harvest sprouting. ‘Mabeak’ was resistant to bacterial blight and rice stripe virus, but susceptible to other virus diseases and insect pests. The yield of ‘Manbaek’ was similar to ‘Nampyeong’. ‘Manbaek’ showed excellent grain appearance and good tastes of cooked rice, so that it could contribute to improving the quality of bacterial blight resistant cultivars. ‘Manbaek’, bacterial blight resistant cultivar with high grain quality, is suitable for the cultivation at bacterial blight prone area and has been utilized in the breeding programs for enhancing the resistance against bacterial blight (Registration No. 6069).
The 'Misomi' is a rice variety derived from a cross between ‘Sobi’ which has adaptability of low fertilizer cultivation and SR21110 (Ilpum/Jinbu19) by the rice breeding team at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2013. The heading date of ‘Misomi’ is August 14 and six days later than check variety, ‘Hwaseong’. It has 83 cm of culm length and 121 spikelets per panicle. It showed weaker cold tolerance than that of ‘Hwaseong’ during exposed to cold stress. ‘Misomi’ showed resistance to blast disease, K1, K2 and K3 race of bacterial blight and stripe virus, but susceptibility to K3a race, other viruses and planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and short grain shape. It has low protein content (6.2%) and similar amylose content (19.4%) to that of ‘Hwaseong’. ‘Misomi’ showed better palatability index of cooked rice than that of ‘Hwaseong’. Particulary, ‘Misomi’ showed excellent processing adaptability than ‘Chucheong’ and ‘Hwaseong’ on palatability index of cold and aseptic cooked rice. Its milled rice recovery rate is similar to those of ‘Hwaseong’. However, whole grain rate of milled rice is higher than that of ‘Hwaseong’. 'Misomi' has 5.68 MT/ha of milled rice productivity in ordinary cultivation, which was 12% higher than that of ‘Hwaseong’. 'Misomi' could be adaptable to the middle plain area and Midwest coast area in Korea (Grant No. 5635).
‘Ondami’, a japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Hitomebore having a high grain quality and Sangju27 adaptable to southern mid-mountainous area was developed by the rice breeding team of Sangju Substation, NICS, RDA in 2013. The heading date of ‘Ondami’ is july 27 which is same with ‘Odae’ in Southern mid-mountainous area, mid mountainous, southern alpine area and north-east coastal area of South Korea. ‘Ondami’ has 70cm culm length, 19cm panicle length which is 2cm shorter than those of ‘Odae’ and 78 spikelets per panicle. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows strong resistance to blast, but is susceptible to bacterial blight, virus diseases, and insect pests. The milled rice of ‘Ondami’ exhibits translucent and, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm, and medium short grain shape. This variety has a higher head rice milling recovery ratio(73.1%) and lower amylose content(18.8%) than that of ‘Odae’. The milled rice yield performance of this variety was about 5.29 MT/ha in ordinary cultivation of local adaptability test for three years. ‘Ondami’ could be adaptable to Southern mid-mountainous area, mid mountainous, southern alpine area and north-east coastal area of South Korea.
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