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Soybean Cultivar for Tofu, ‘Saedanbaek’ with Disease Resistance, and High Protein Content

Hyun-Tae Kim1, Jong Min Ko1, In Youl Baek1, Meong Ki Jeon1, Won Young Han1, Keum Yong Park1, Byong Won Lee1, Young Hoon Lee1, Chan Sik Jung1, Ki Won Oh1, Tae Joung Ha2, Jung Kyung Moon1, Hong Tae Yun1, Jong Hyeong Lee3, Jae Keun Choi4, Jae Hyun Jung5, Seung Su Lee6, Yeong Jik Jang7, Chang Ki Son8, Dal Soon Kang9

Published online: August 31, 2014

1 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원

1 National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea

2 농촌진흥청

2 Rural Development Administration (RDA), Suwon 441-707, Korea

3 경기도농업기술원

3 Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Yeoncheon 486-800, Korea

4 강원도농업기술원

4 Gangwon-do Agricultural Research and Extension Service, Chuncheon 200-150, Korea

5 충청북도농업기술원

5 Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Cheongwon 363-883, Korea

6 충청남도농업기술원

6 Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Yesan 340-861, Korea

7 전라북도농업기술원

7 Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Iksan 570-704, Korea

8 경상북도농업기술원

8 Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Daegu 702-708, Korea

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*Corresponding Author (E-mail: sojatae@korea.kr, Tel: +82-53-663-1107, Fax: +82-53-663-1101)
• Received: March 31, 2014   • Revised: July 29, 2014   • Accepted: July 29, 2014

© 2014 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

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  • A soybean cultivar for tofu, ‘Saedanbaek’, was developed from the cross between ‘MD87L’ with high protein content and ‘SS99237 (Pokwangkong/Suwon193)’ with good seed performance and high yield by National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2010. ‘SS99237-45-2-3-1’ was selected by pedigree selection and designated as the name of ‘Milyang 192’. It was prominent and had good result from regional adaptation yield trials (RYT) for three years from 2008 to 2010 and released as the name of ‘Saedanbaek’. It has a determinate growth habit, white flower, grey pubescence, yellow seed coat, spherical seed shape and medium seed (20.7 grams per 100 seeds). ‘Saedanbaek’ has high content in protein (48.2%), and shows excellent result for making tofu. ‘Saedanbaek’ was resistant to bacterial pustule and moderately resistant to soybean mosaic virus, the major soybean diseases in Korea. The average yield of ‘Saedanbaek’ was 2.28 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials carried out for three years from 2008 to 2010.
콩은 우리나라가 원산지인 소중한 식량작물로서, 일찍이 두부, 장류, 콩나물 등과 같이 다양한 식품의 형태로 가공기술 이 발달하여, 우리에게 단백질과 지방을 제공해 왔으며, 그 중, 두부는 콩 단일 원료를 이용한 가공식품으로서는 가장 큰 4,400억 원(’08) 규모의 시장을 형성하고 있다(KREI 2010).
두부는 콩 종자에 포함되어 있는 단백질의 응고를 통해 제 조되므로 콩의 단백질 함량과 그 조성이 두부제조에 있어 가 장 중요한 요인이 알려지고 있다(Ogawa & Saio 1987).
콩 종자내의 단백질함량은 양적 형질로 추정되고 있지만, 유전력이 높아(Gotoii & Sasaki 1965) 잡종 초기세대부터 선 발이 가능하다. 그러나, 성분함량에 대한 선발이 용이하지 않 고 단백질 함량이 수량 및 종자크기와 부의 상관이 있는 것으 로 보고(Tabuchi et al. 1996)되고 있어 고단백 계통이 품종 으로 개발된 예는 많지 않다. 1993년 개발된 ‘단백콩’(Kim et al. 1996)은 종자크기가 작고 수량성이 높지 않은 등의 이유 로 농가에서 활용이 되지 못하고 있다.
근적외분광분석(NIRS)을 이용한 1립 비파괴검정기술의 개 발은 짧은 시간에 종자의 손실이 없이 성분분석이 가능케 함 으로서 육종 초기세대에 다수의 계통을 대상으로 고단백 계 통의 선발이 가능하게 하고 있다.
농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원에서는 그간 생산자의 편의를 강조한 내재해 다수성 품종 개발에 주력하여 왔으며, 농가에 보급되어 재배되고 있는 ‘천상’(Kim et al. 2012) 등이 이렇 게 개발되어 보급되고 있는 품종들이다. 그러나, 식용 콩의 70%이상이 가공식품 형태로 소비되고 있는 상황에서, 가공 업체의 요구에 응하면서 재배관리도 용이한 고부가가치 품종 개발을 강화하여 전통식품으로서의 가공적성을 개선한 콩 품 종개발에 연구역량을 집중하였다. 콩의 단백질 함량을 증가시 킴으로서 두부가공 효율이 높은 품종을 개발하고자 노력한 결과, 여러 가지 콩 병해와 쓰러짐에 강해 농가에서의 재배가 쉬울 뿐만 아니라, 기존 품종들에 비해 품질과 두부 가공적성 이 획기적으로 개선된 ‘새단백’을 개발하여 보급하게 되었으 므로 본 품종의 육성경위와 주요특성을 여기에 보고하고자 한다.
육성 과정
단백질 함량이 높고 종실품위가 좋은 다수성 품종육성을 위해 대립 다수성인 ‘보광콩’과 종자품위가 좋은 ‘수원193호’ 를 교배한 계통을 부본으로, 단백질 고함유자원인 ‘MD87L’ 을 모본으로 하여 1999년 인공교배하여 2000년, 2001년에 F1, F2 세대집단을 양성하고, F3부터 계통을 전개하여 NIRS 로 검정한 단백질함량과 재배특성을 함께 고려하여 선발하였 다. F7 세대 4계통을 대상으로 2006년, 2007년 2년간 생산력 검정을 실시하여 ‘SS99237-45-2-3-1’ 계통을 선발한 후 ‘밀양 192’의 계통명을 부여하였다. ‘밀양192’는 2008년부터 2010 년까지 3년간 전국 11개 지역에서 적응성 검정을 실시하였으 며, 우수성이 인정되어 2010년 12월 농작물 직무육성 신품종 선정위원회에서 전국에 재배 가능한 신규등록품종으로 결정 하고 ‘새단백’으로 명명하였다(RDA. 2009, 2010, 2011a, 2011b). ‘새단백’의 육성과정은 Fig. 1과 같다.
Fig. 1.
Pedigree diagram of ‘Saedanbaek’
KJBS-46-295_F1.gif
성능 평가
‘새단백’의 품종 성능평가는 2008년도부터 2010년도까지 3년간 수행하였으며, 2008년에는 단작재배 4개소, 이모작재 배 6개소 등 10개 지역에서 2009년과 2010년 2년간은 단작 3개소, 이모작 6개소 등 9개 지역에서 생육특성 및 수량성을 대비품종인 대원콩과 비교 검토하였다. 지역별 파종기와 재식 밀도는 단작 지역에서는 5월 하순에 재식거리 60 × 15 cm로, 이모작 지역에서는 6월 중하순에 60 × 10 cm로 파종하였고, 입모 후 1주 2본으로 주수를 조정하였다. 2010년에는 수원과 밀양에서 기존의 고단백 품종인 ‘단백콩’을 함께 재배하여 생 육특성을 비교하였다.
내병성 검정을 위해 5월 상순에 검정포장에 콩을 파종하여 콩모자이크바이러스와 불마름병의 자연 이병율을 조사하고, 저항성 검정을 위해 콩모자이크바이러스 G5, G6H, G7H 균 계를 초생엽 전개시에 즙액접종을 하고 불마름병은 8ra를 유 묘기에 분무접종하여 병징의 발현을 조사하였다.
내도복성 검정을 위해 표준 재식밀도와 2배 밀식재배를 동 시에 수행하여 도복 정도를 비교하였으며, 협개열 정도는 성 숙한 꼬투리를 40°C 건조기에 48시간 둔 후 꼬투리의 개열 정도를 조사하였다.
종자의 조단백과 지방함량은 Kjeldahl과 Soxhlet법으로 정 량하였고, 두부가공 및 메주발효 적성을 ‘대원콩’과 비교 분 석하였다. 2007년부터 2010년까지 단백질함량의 연차간 변 이를 ‘단백콩’과 비교 검토하였다.
기타 시비관리와 생육특성 등의 조사는 농진청 신품종개발 공동사업계획서의 기준에 준하여 실시하였다.
‘새단백’은 고단백 다수성 콩 신품종육성을 목표로 대립 다 수성인 ‘보광콩’과 종자품위가 좋은 ‘수원193호’를 교배한 계 통을 부본으로, 단백질 고함유자원인 ‘MD87L’을 모본으로 하여 교배 후 단백질함량과 포장특성을 함께 고려하여 계통 육종법으로 육성한 품종이다. 생산력검정시험에서 고단백이 면서 병과 재해에 강하고 수량성이 양호한 계통으로 유망시 되어 3년간 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과, 단백질 함량이 높고 연차간 변이가 적어 두부가공적성이 뛰어나고, 병과 재해에도 강한 품종으로 인정되어 ‘새단백’으로 명명하였다.
식물학적 및 농업적 특성
‘새단백’은 유한신육형이며 엽형은 난형이고, 꽃색은 백색 이다. 모용색은 회색이고, 종피색은 황색이며 배꼽색은 담갈 색이다. 종실모양은 구형이다(Table 1).
Table 1.
Qualitative characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’.
Table 1.
Cultivar Growth habit Leaflet shape Flower color Pubescence color Seed coat color Hilum color Seed shape
Saedanbaek Determinate Oval White Grey Yellow Pale brown Spherical
Daewonkong Determinate Oval White Grey Yellow Yellow Spherical
‘새단백’의 개화기는 8월 1일경으로 대원콩보다 3일 늦으 며, 성숙기는 10월 5일경으로 7일 빨라 등숙기간이 10일 정 도 더 짧다. 경장은 64 cm로 대원콩보다 다소 작으며 주당 착 협수도 다소 적으나, 주경절수, 분지수는 비슷하다. 최저착협 위치는 15 cm로서 대원콩의 11 cm 보다 높았으며, 100립중 은 20.7 g으로 대원콩보다 가벼운 중립종이다(Table 2).
Table 2.
Quantitative characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’ determined by regional yield trial from 2008 to 2010.
Table 2.
Cultivar Flowering date Maturity date Stem height (cm) No. of nods No. of branch No. of pods per plant Lowest pod height (cm) Weight per 100 seeds (g)
Saedanbaek Aug. 1 Oct. 5 64 13 3.2 40 15 20.7
Daewonkong July 29 Oct. 12 69 14 3.4 46 11 24.6
t 0.05 ns 2.49* 4.58** 8.95*
수원과 밀양 두 지역에서 2010년도에 단백콩과 비교한 새 단백의 재배특성을 보면, 개화기는 7월 하순으로 2일 빠르며 성숙기는 10월 상순으로 12일 빨랐다. 경장은 비슷하며 주경 절수와 협수는 적었고, 100립중은 5.7 g 무거우며 수량성은 비슷하거나 다소 높았다(Table 2).
내재해 및 내병충성
‘새단백’의 도복은 표준재배에서 대원콩과 비슷하였으나 밀식재배를 통한 내도복성 검정에서는 강하였으며, 내습성은 대원콩과 비슷하였다. 성숙기 꼬투리를 48°C 건조기에서 48 시간 처리하여 검정한 내탈립성에 대하여는 대원콩보다 다소 약하였으나 포장에서의 탈립정도는 비슷하였으며, 콩나방에 의한 피해립 비율도 대원콩과 비슷하였다. (Table 3 and 4).
Table 3.
Agronomic characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’ at Suwon and Miryang in 2010.
Table 3.
Cultivar Flowering date Maturity date Stem height (cm) No. of nods No. of branch No. of pods per plant Weight per 100 seeds (g) Yield (kg/10a) Index
Saedanbaek July 25 Oct. 6 74 13 3.3 47 21.5 268 103
Daewonkong July 27 Oct. 18 73 15 2.7 64 15.8 261 100
t 0.05 ns 4.73* 59.41** ns
Table 4.
The response of ‘Saedanbaek’ to abiotic stress and bug estimated from 2008 to 2010.
Table 4.
Cultivar Lodging at field (0-9)z
 Shatteringy
 Damaged seed for Pod borer (%)
Normal culture Density culture Field (0-9) Ratios by Oven test (%)x
Saedanbaek 1 2 1 3.5 3.7
Daewonkong 2 3 0 0 3.3

z0: Tolerant, 9: Susceptible

y0: No shattering, 1: difficult, 5: Medium, 9:Easy to shattering

xShattering after 48hr at 40°C dry oven

‘새단백’은 8ra 균주를 활용한 불마름병 접종검정에서 엽당 병반수가 적었고 포장에서의 이병성 검정에서도 강하였으나, 검은뿌리썩음병은 대원콩보다 다소 약하였다. ‘새단백’의 바 이러스 저항성은 SMV를 즙액접종한(접종원: G7H, G6H, G5) 유묘에서 모자이크 반응을 보였으나, 포장에서의 SMV 발병은 관찰되지 않았다. 종실병해인 자반병과 갈반병의 이병 립율은 대원콩보다 다소 낮았다(Table 5).
Table 5.
The response of ‘Saedanbaek’ to the diseases of soybean estimated from 2008 to 2010.
Table 5.
Cultivar Bacterial pustule (0-9)z
 Root rot (%) Soybean Mosaic Virus
 Percentages of damaged seed (%)
Field Inoculationy Inoculationx
 Field (0-9) Purple seed stain Seed spot Phomopsis
G7H G6H G5
Saedanbaek 1 1 3.9 L/M -/M L/M 0 0.2 0.2 0.3
Daewonkong 2 3 0.9 L/- L/- L/- 0 0.4 0.4 0.1

z0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

y8ra strain

xReaction of inoculated leaf/upper leaves, -: No symptom, L: Local reaction, M: Mosaic

종실품질 및 가공적성
지역적응성 검정시험에서 3년간 ‘새단백’의 조단백 함량은 평균 48.2%로서 ‘대원콩’보다 8.9% 높았으며 조지방 함량은 16.4% 수준이었다. 불포화 지방산의 비율은 ‘대원콩’과 비슷 하였고, Isoflavone 함량은 1,166 μg/g으로서 ‘대원콩’보다 낮았다(Table 6). 2007년부터 2010년까지 4개년간 기존의 고 단백 품종인 ‘단백콩’과 재배 연차간 단백질 함량변이를 비교 한 결과, 평균함량은 ‘새단백’이 48.8%로서 ‘단백콩’보다 0.9% 높았으나 유의차가 없으며, 표준편차는 ‘새단백’이 0.78 로 낮아 재배시기에 따른 단백질함량이 ‘단백콩’에 비해 안정 되어 있는 것으로 나타났다(Table 7).
Table 6.
Major component of Seed in ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.
Table 6.
Cultivar Crude protein (%) Crude oil (%) Fatty acids composition (%)
 Isoflavone (µg/g)
C16:0 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 Daidzein Glycitein Genistein Total
Saedanbaek 48.2 16.4 11.6 4.2 24.2 51.3 8.7 399 239 528 1,166
Daewonkong 39.3 21.2 10.6 4.1 28.1 50.4 6.8 564 293 885 1,742
Table 7.
Comparison of variation in protein content during four years.
Table 7.
Cultivar 2007 2008 2009 2010 Mean ± SD
Saedanbaek 49.5 48.5 47.8 49.3 48.8 ± 0.78
Daewonkong 50.7 45.4 48.3 47.1 47.9 ± 2.23
t 0.05 0.762ns
지역적응시험에서 ‘새단백’의 두부수율은 ‘대원콩’에 비해 높으며, 두부의 황색도가 다소 높고 탄력성과 경도 등 두부의 물성은 ‘대원콩’과 비슷하였다(Table 8). 두부의 식미검정 결 과, ‘새단백’으로 만든 두부는 색에 대한 평점이 ‘대원콩’에 비해 낮았지만, 맛과 전체 기호도에 대한 평점은 ‘대원콩’보 다 높았다(Table 9).
Table 8.
Characteristics of tofu of ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.
Table 8.
Cultivar Yield Color valuez
 Physical characteristics
L a b Elasticity Gum Cohesiveness Hardness (g/3.14mm2) Texture
Saedanbaek 189 82.7 0.71 19.8 1.0 680 0.7 923 639
Daewonkong 177 85.0 0.30 15.1 0.9 693 0.7 1022 618

zL: lightness, a: (-)Green ~(+)Red, b: -(Blue) ~(+)Yellow

Table 9.
The result of panel test for tofu of ‘Saedanbaek’.
Table 9.
Cultivar Color Scent Taste Texture preference
Saedanbaek 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.6
Daewonkong 3.7 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.2
Danbaegkong 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.6

1: Worst, 2: bad, 3: fair, 4: good, 5: best (n=22)

두부 전문 가공업체에 분석 의뢰한 두부 적성검정 결과, ‘새단백’의 두부수율이 371%로 대원콩 314%에 비해 높았으 며 ‘단백콩’을 비롯한 기존 품종보다도 우수하였다. 두유수율 에 있어서도 707%로 기존품종들에 비해 높았다. ‘새단백’은 두부수율이 높으면서도 순두부의 응고력이 높아 두부 가공적 성이 우수하였다(Table 10).
Table 10.
Comparison of tofu and soymilk among some soybean cultivar by manufacturer.
Table 10.
Cultivar Tofu
 Soymilk
 Coagulation in soft curd (g/cm2)
Yield (%) Index (%) Yield (%) Index (%)
Saedanbaek 371 118 707 105 696
Daewonkong 314 100 672 100 280
Danbaegkong 332 106 651 97 370
Hwangkeumkong 329 105 690 103 301
Taekwangkong 320 102 675 100 295
‘새단백’의 발효적성을 보면 메주의 발효정도는 ‘대원콩’보 다 좋으나 메주수율과 청국장수율은 다소 낮았다.
수량성
‘새단백’은 2개년간(’06~’07) 실시한 생산력검정시험 결과 ha당 평균수량은 2.28톤으로 ‘태광콩’에 비해 11% 감소하였 으나 ‘단백콩’과는 비슷하였다(Table 11 and 12)
Table 11.
Soybean malt and fermented soybean processability by ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.
Table 11.
Cultivar Soybean malt
 Fermented soybean
Digree of fermentation (1-5)z Yield (%) Scent (1-5) Digree of fermentation (1-5) Yield (%) Scent (1-5) γ-PGA (mg/g)
Saedanbaek 5 73 4 3 205 5 28
Daewonkong 4 78 4 4 213 4 34

z1: Worst, 2: bad, 3: fair, 4: good, 5: best

Table 12.
Yield of ‘Saedanbaek’ on yield trials carried out at Miryang.
Table 12.
Cultivar Yield (Ton/ha)
 Index
PYTz (’06) AYTz (’07) Mean
Saedanbaek 2.46 2.10 2.28 89(100)
Taekwangkong 2.84 2.28 2.56 100
Danbaegkong - 2.09 2.09 (100)

zPYT: Preliminary yield trial, AYT: Advanced yield trial

‘새단백’은 전국 11개 시험지에서 3개년간(2008~'10) 실시 한 지역적응시험 결과, 평균 수량이 ha당 2.53톤으로서 표준 품종인 ‘대원콩’보다 9% 감소하였다(Table 13).
Table 13.
Yield of ‘Saedanbaek’ on the regional yield trials carried out at 11 locations.
Table 13.
Cropping Location Saedanbaek (Ton/ha)
 Daewonkong (Ton/ha)
2008 2009 2010 Mean Index 2008 2009 2010 Mean
Mono Suwon 1.90 2.91 2.71 2.51 89 2.32 3.72 2.39 2.81
Yeonchon 1.96 2.62 2.27 2.28 92 1.97 3.19 2.29 2.48
Chunchon 2.52 1.74 2.34 2.20 82 2.83 2.25 3.01 2.70
Daegu 2.78 - - 2.78 90 3.09 - - 3.09
Mean 2.29 2.42 2.44 2.38 88 2.55 3.05 2.56 2.71
Double Cheongwon 2.36 2.18 2.46 2.33 95 2.93 1.87 2.56 2.45
Yesan 2.21 2.88 2.22 2.44 85 2.90 3.32 2.37 2.86
Iksan 2.24 2.14 2.95 2.44 100 2.18 2.34 2.78 2.43
Miryang - 2.42 2.66 2.54 85 - 3.06 2.92 2.99
Chilgok 3.16 3.25 3.13 3.18 91 2.82 4.32 3.30 3.48
Jinju 2.50 2.77 2.63 2.63 85 3.09 3.74 2.44 3.09
Jeju 2.89 - - 2.89 143 2.02 - - 2.02
Mean 2.56 2.61 2.67 2.61 92 2.66 3.11 2.73 2.83
Overall mean 2.45 2.54 2.60 2.53 91 2.61 3.09 2.67 2.79
t 0.05 1.65ns
‘새단백’의 적응지역은 전국의 콩 재배지대이며, 적정파종 기는 단작지대는 5월 중하순, 2모작지대는 6월 상중순경이다. 너무 일찍 파종하면 과번무하여 착협이 불량해지거나 바이러 스병이 발생할 수 있으므로 6월 상중순에 파종하는 것이 유리 하다. 과습 조건에서는 검은뿌리썩음병이 발생할 수 있으므로 배수가 불량한 토양에서는 재배를 피해야 한다.
‘새단백’은 고단백 다수성 콩 신품종육성을 목표로 ‘보광 콩’과 ‘수원193호’를 교배한 계통을 다시 단백질 고함유자원 인 ‘MD87L’을 모본으로 하여 1999년에 교배하여 계통육종 법으로 육성한 품종으로 2010년 12월 농작물직무육성신품종 선정위원회에서 국가목록등재품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 ‘새 단백’으로 명명하였다. ‘새단백’의 개화기는 ‘대원콩’보다 3 일 늦으며, 성숙기는 10월 5일경으로 7일 빨라 등숙기간이 10일 정도 더 짧다. 경장은 64 cm로 ‘대원콩’보다 다소 작으 며 도복에 강하고 불마름병에 저항성이며 바이러스와 종자병 해에 강하였으나 뿌리썩음병에는 약한 편이었다. 조단백 함량 은 ‘대원콩’보다 8.9% 높은 고단백 품종으로, ‘단백콩’보다 연차간 단백질 함량의 변이가 적고, 두부수율과 순두부응고력 이 높으며 두부의 물성이 양호하여 두부 가공적성이 우수하다.
‘새단백’의 종실 100립중은 20.7 g으로 ‘대원콩’보다 약 4 g 가벼우나 ‘단백콩’보다 5.7 g 무거운 중립종이며, 수량성은 2.53 MT/ha로 표준품종인 ‘대원콩’에 비해 9% 감소하였으나 ‘단백콩’과는 비슷하였다.
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Soybean Cultivar for Tofu, ‘Saedanbaek’ with Disease Resistance, and High Protein Content
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. ;46(3):295-301.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2014.46.3.295
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Soybean Cultivar for Tofu, ‘Saedanbaek’ with Disease Resistance, and High Protein Content
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. ;46(3):295-301.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2014.46.3.295
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Soybean Cultivar for Tofu, ‘Saedanbaek’ with Disease Resistance, and High Protein Content
Image
Fig. 1. Pedigree diagram of ‘Saedanbaek’

Fig. 1.

Soybean Cultivar for Tofu, ‘Saedanbaek’ with Disease Resistance, and High Protein Content

Qualitative characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’.

Cultivar Growth habit Leaflet shape Flower color Pubescence color Seed coat color Hilum color Seed shape
Saedanbaek Determinate Oval White Grey Yellow Pale brown Spherical
Daewonkong Determinate Oval White Grey Yellow Yellow Spherical

Quantitative characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’ determined by regional yield trial from 2008 to 2010.

Cultivar Flowering date Maturity date Stem height (cm) No. of nods No. of branch No. of pods per plant Lowest pod height (cm) Weight per 100 seeds (g)
Saedanbaek Aug. 1 Oct. 5 64 13 3.2 40 15 20.7
Daewonkong July 29 Oct. 12 69 14 3.4 46 11 24.6
t 0.05 ns 2.49* 4.58** 8.95*

Agronomic characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’ at Suwon and Miryang in 2010.

Cultivar Flowering date Maturity date Stem height (cm) No. of nods No. of branch No. of pods per plant Weight per 100 seeds (g) Yield (kg/10a) Index
Saedanbaek July 25 Oct. 6 74 13 3.3 47 21.5 268 103
Daewonkong July 27 Oct. 18 73 15 2.7 64 15.8 261 100
t 0.05 ns 4.73* 59.41** ns

The response of ‘Saedanbaek’ to abiotic stress and bug estimated from 2008 to 2010.

Cultivar Lodging at field (0-9)z
 Shatteringy
 Damaged seed for Pod borer (%)
Normal culture Density culture Field (0-9) Ratios by Oven test (%)x
Saedanbaek 1 2 1 3.5 3.7
Daewonkong 2 3 0 0 3.3

0: Tolerant, 9: Susceptible

0: No shattering, 1: difficult, 5: Medium, 9:Easy to shattering

Shattering after 48hr at 40°C dry oven

The response of ‘Saedanbaek’ to the diseases of soybean estimated from 2008 to 2010.

Cultivar Bacterial pustule (0-9)z
 Root rot (%) Soybean Mosaic Virus
 Percentages of damaged seed (%)
Field Inoculationy Inoculationx
 Field (0-9) Purple seed stain Seed spot Phomopsis
G7H G6H G5
Saedanbaek 1 1 3.9 L/M -/M L/M 0 0.2 0.2 0.3
Daewonkong 2 3 0.9 L/- L/- L/- 0 0.4 0.4 0.1

0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

8ra strain

Reaction of inoculated leaf/upper leaves, -: No symptom, L: Local reaction, M: Mosaic

Major component of Seed in ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.

Cultivar Crude protein (%) Crude oil (%) Fatty acids composition (%)
 Isoflavone (µg/g)
C16:0 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 Daidzein Glycitein Genistein Total
Saedanbaek 48.2 16.4 11.6 4.2 24.2 51.3 8.7 399 239 528 1,166
Daewonkong 39.3 21.2 10.6 4.1 28.1 50.4 6.8 564 293 885 1,742

Comparison of variation in protein content during four years.

Cultivar 2007 2008 2009 2010 Mean ± SD
Saedanbaek 49.5 48.5 47.8 49.3 48.8 ± 0.78
Daewonkong 50.7 45.4 48.3 47.1 47.9 ± 2.23
t 0.05 0.762ns

Characteristics of tofu of ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.

Cultivar Yield Color valuez
 Physical characteristics
L a b Elasticity Gum Cohesiveness Hardness (g/3.14mm2) Texture
Saedanbaek 189 82.7 0.71 19.8 1.0 680 0.7 923 639
Daewonkong 177 85.0 0.30 15.1 0.9 693 0.7 1022 618

L: lightness, a: (-)Green ~(+)Red, b: -(Blue) ~(+)Yellow

The result of panel test for tofu of ‘Saedanbaek’.

Cultivar Color Scent Taste Texture preference
Saedanbaek 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.6
Daewonkong 3.7 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.2
Danbaegkong 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.6

1: Worst, 2: bad, 3: fair, 4: good, 5: best (n=22)

Comparison of tofu and soymilk among some soybean cultivar by manufacturer.

Cultivar Tofu
 Soymilk
 Coagulation in soft curd (g/cm2)
Yield (%) Index (%) Yield (%) Index (%)
Saedanbaek 371 118 707 105 696
Daewonkong 314 100 672 100 280
Danbaegkong 332 106 651 97 370
Hwangkeumkong 329 105 690 103 301
Taekwangkong 320 102 675 100 295

Soybean malt and fermented soybean processability by ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.

Cultivar Soybean malt
 Fermented soybean
Digree of fermentation (1-5)z Yield (%) Scent (1-5) Digree of fermentation (1-5) Yield (%) Scent (1-5) γ-PGA (mg/g)
Saedanbaek 5 73 4 3 205 5 28
Daewonkong 4 78 4 4 213 4 34

1: Worst, 2: bad, 3: fair, 4: good, 5: best

Yield of ‘Saedanbaek’ on yield trials carried out at Miryang.

Cultivar Yield (Ton/ha)
 Index
PYTz (’06) AYTz (’07) Mean
Saedanbaek 2.46 2.10 2.28 89(100)
Taekwangkong 2.84 2.28 2.56 100
Danbaegkong - 2.09 2.09 (100)

PYT: Preliminary yield trial, AYT: Advanced yield trial

Yield of ‘Saedanbaek’ on the regional yield trials carried out at 11 locations.

Cropping Location Saedanbaek (Ton/ha)
 Daewonkong (Ton/ha)
2008 2009 2010 Mean Index 2008 2009 2010 Mean
Mono Suwon 1.90 2.91 2.71 2.51 89 2.32 3.72 2.39 2.81
Yeonchon 1.96 2.62 2.27 2.28 92 1.97 3.19 2.29 2.48
Chunchon 2.52 1.74 2.34 2.20 82 2.83 2.25 3.01 2.70
Daegu 2.78 - - 2.78 90 3.09 - - 3.09
Mean 2.29 2.42 2.44 2.38 88 2.55 3.05 2.56 2.71
Double Cheongwon 2.36 2.18 2.46 2.33 95 2.93 1.87 2.56 2.45
Yesan 2.21 2.88 2.22 2.44 85 2.90 3.32 2.37 2.86
Iksan 2.24 2.14 2.95 2.44 100 2.18 2.34 2.78 2.43
Miryang - 2.42 2.66 2.54 85 - 3.06 2.92 2.99
Chilgok 3.16 3.25 3.13 3.18 91 2.82 4.32 3.30 3.48
Jinju 2.50 2.77 2.63 2.63 85 3.09 3.74 2.44 3.09
Jeju 2.89 - - 2.89 143 2.02 - - 2.02
Mean 2.56 2.61 2.67 2.61 92 2.66 3.11 2.73 2.83
Overall mean 2.45 2.54 2.60 2.53 91 2.61 3.09 2.67 2.79
t 0.05 1.65ns
Table 1. Qualitative characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’.
Table 2. Quantitative characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’ determined by regional yield trial from 2008 to 2010.
Table 3. Agronomic characteristics of ‘Saedanbaek’ at Suwon and Miryang in 2010.
Table 4. The response of ‘Saedanbaek’ to abiotic stress and bug estimated from 2008 to 2010.

0: Tolerant, 9: Susceptible

0: No shattering, 1: difficult, 5: Medium, 9:Easy to shattering

Shattering after 48hr at 40°C dry oven

Table 5. The response of ‘Saedanbaek’ to the diseases of soybean estimated from 2008 to 2010.

0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible

8ra strain

Reaction of inoculated leaf/upper leaves, -: No symptom, L: Local reaction, M: Mosaic

Table 6. Major component of Seed in ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.
Table 7. Comparison of variation in protein content during four years.
Table 8. Characteristics of tofu of ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.

L: lightness, a: (-)Green ~(+)Red, b: -(Blue) ~(+)Yellow

Table 9. The result of panel test for tofu of ‘Saedanbaek’.

1: Worst, 2: bad, 3: fair, 4: good, 5: best (n=22)

Table 10. Comparison of tofu and soymilk among some soybean cultivar by manufacturer.
Table 11. Soybean malt and fermented soybean processability by ‘Saedanbaek’ estimated from 2009 to 2010.

1: Worst, 2: bad, 3: fair, 4: good, 5: best

Table 12. Yield of ‘Saedanbaek’ on yield trials carried out at Miryang.

PYT: Preliminary yield trial, AYT: Advanced yield trial

Table 13. Yield of ‘Saedanbaek’ on the regional yield trials carried out at 11 locations.

Table 1.

Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

Table 5.

Table 6.

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Table 8.

Table 9.

Table 10.

Table 11.

Table 12.

Table 13.

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