Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 560-500, Korea
© Korean Society of Breeding Science All rights reserved
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| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECDx | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalencez | Bt | Equivalence | Dongjiny | ||
|
|
||||||
| Ash, % dw | 1.14 ± 0.04 | yes | 1.16 ± 0.10 | yes | 1.17 ± 0.05 | 1.0–1.5 |
| Lipid, % dw | 1.72 ± 0.19 | yes | 1.74 ± 0.15 | yes | 1.58 ± 0.11 | 1.6–2.8 |
| Protein, % dw | 5.69 ± 0.31 | yes | 5.45 ± 0.32 | yes | 5.64 ± 0.12 | 7.1–8.3 |
| Starch, % dw | 66.79 ± 3.60 | yes | 64.77 ± 1.65 | yes | 69.01 ± 5.20 | 66.4 |
| Carbohydratesw, % dw | 91.44 ± 0.23 | yes | 91.65 ± 0.38 | yes | 91.61 ± 0.21 | 87.4–90.3 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
wEstimate of Carbohydrates: %carbohydrates=100-(%protein+%lipid+%ash)
| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECDx | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalencez | Bt | Equivalence | Dongjiny | ||
|
|
||||||
| Alanine | 5.83 ± 0.19 | yes | 5.73 ± 0.13 | yes | 5.79 ± 0.20 | 5.8 |
| Arginine | 7.70 ± 0.20 | yes | 7.35 ± 0.23 | yes | 7.66 ± 0.35 | 8.5–10.5 |
| Aspartic acid | 9.47 ± 0.29 | yes | 9.03 ± 0.19 | yes | 9.24 ± 0.16 | 9.0, 9.5 |
| Cysteine | 2.40 ± 0.08 | no | 2.49 ± 0.05 | yes | 2.57 ± 0.06 | 2.2–2.4 |
| Glutamic acid | 17.04 ± 0.50 | yes | 17.05 ± 0.49 | yes | 17.59 ± 0.32 | 16.9, 17.6 |
| Glycine | 4.69 ± 0.15 | yes | 4.51 ± 0.08 | no | 4.68 ± 0.10 | 4.7, 4.8 |
| Histidine | 2.24 ± 0.06 | yes | 2.13 ± 0.06 | yes | 2.20 ± 0.12 | 2.4, 2.6 |
| Isoleucine | 3.14 ± 0.03 | yes | 3.11 ± 0.12 | yes | 3.20 ± 0.13 | 3.6–4.6 |
| Leucine | 7.48 ± 0.16 | yes | 7.38 ± 0.24 | yes | 7.66 ± 0.26 | 8.3–8.9 |
| Lysine | 3.65 ± 0.10 | yes | 3.62 ± 0.11 | yes | 3.64 ± 0.12 | 3.9, 4.3 |
| Methionine | 2.61 ± 0.08 | yes | 2.56 ± 0.05 | no | 2.66 ± 0.02 | 2.3, 2.5 |
| Phenylalanine | 4.82 ± 0.08 | yes | 4.66 ± 0.10 | yes | 4.75 ± 0.07 | 5.0, 5.3 |
| Proline | 4.04 ± 0.10 | yes | 3.90 ± 0.20 | yes | 4.16 ± 0.17 | 4.8, 5.1 |
| Serine | 5.32 ± 0.21 | yes | 5.24 ± 0.12 | yes | 5.36 ± 0.06 | 4.8–5.8 |
| Threonine | 3.86 ± 0.10 | yes | 3.86 ± 0.09 | yes | 3.87 ± 0.10 | 3.9–4.0 |
| Tyrosine | 4.19 ± 0.09 | yes | 3.93 ± 0.27 | yes | 4.18 ± 0.21 | 3.8–4.6 |
| Valine | 5.25 ± 0.09 | yes | 5.06 ± 0.05 | yes | 5.10 ± 0.17 | 5.0–6.6 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECDx | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalencez | Bt | Equivalence | Dongjiny | ||
|
|
||||||
| Copper (μg/g) | 6.35 ± 2.03 | yes | 4.34 ± 0.70 | yes | 4.84 ± 0.63 | 1–7 |
| Iron (μg/g) | 9.80 ± 2.30 | no | 9.35 ± 0.33 | no | 5.98 ± 1.20 | 2–60 |
| Zinc (μg/g) | 23.16 ± 3.56 | no | 18.38 ± 2.39 | yes | 18.22 ± 1.36 | 7–33 |
| Sodium (μg/g) | 166.19 ± 155.84 | yes | 289.78 ± 165.11 | yes | 264.38 ± 107.72 | 20–400 |
| Calcium (mg/g) | 0.10 ± 0.02 | yes | 0.13 ± 0.01 | yes | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.1–0.6 |
| Sulfer (mg/g) | 0.78 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.82 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.80 ± 0.05 | 0.3–2.2 |
| Magnesium (mg/g) | 0.82 ± 0.10 | yes | 0.88 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.80 ± 0.09 | 0.2–1.7 |
| Potassium (mg/g) | 2.18 ± 0.12 | yes | 2.49 ± 0.32 | no | 2.05 ± 0.23 | 0.7–3.2 |
| Phosphorus (mg/g) | 2.62 ± 0.13 | yes | 2.68 ± 0.11 | yes | 2.44 ± 0.20 | 2-5 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
| Component | GM | Non-GM | Korean ricex | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalencez | Bt | Equivalence | Dongjiny | ||
|
|
||||||
| Myristic acid (C14:0) | 0.34 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.26 ± 0.02 | no | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 0.22–0.50 |
| Palmitic acid (C16:0) | 17.73 ± 0.23 | yes | 17.89 ± 0.23 | no | 17.52 ± 0.22 | 16.62–22.04 |
| Stearic acid (C18:0) | 2.35 ± 0.09 | no | 2.27 ± 0.16 | yes | 2.16 ± 0.08 | 0.75–2.76 |
| Oleic acid (C18:1) | 39.61 ± 1.26 | yes | 38.33 ± 0.46 | no | 39.24 ± 0.53 | 35.98–44.23 |
| Linoleic acid (C18:2) | 37.32 ± 1.13 | yes | 38.76 ± 0.32 | no | 38.27 ± 0.33 | 31.10–42.66 |
| Linolenic acid (C18:3) | 1.52 ± 0.03 | yes | 1.53 ± 0.10 | yes | 1.47 ± 0.06 | 0.83–3.36 |
| Arachidonic acid (C20:0) | 0.66 ± 0.02 | no | 0.54 ± 0.01 | yes | 0.54 ± 0.05 | 0.44–0.76 |
| Gadoleic acid (C20:1) | 0.48 ± 0.01 | yes | 0.42 ± 0.01 | no | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 0.35–0.60 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
xReference of korean rice: Kim et al. (2013), Kyoun et al. (2006), and Park et al. (2012)
| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECDx | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalencez | Bt | Equivalence | Dongjiny | ||
|
|
||||||
| Vitamin B1 (μg/g) | 2.94 ± 0.21 | no | 2.62 ± 0.12 | yes | 2.56 ± 0.11 | 2.9–6.1 |
| Vitamin B2 (μg/g) | 0.51 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.52 ± 0.04 | yes | 0.53 ± 0.03 | 0.4–1.4 |
| Vitamin B3 (μg/g) | 44.68 ± 2.00 | yes | 48.17 ± 2.87 | yes | 45.88 ± 1.84 | 35–53 |
| Vitamin B7 (μg/100g) | 2.20 ± 0.04 | no | 2.60 ± 0.07 | yes | 2.68 ± 0.34 | 4–10 |
| Vitamin E (μg/g) | 11.89 ± 1.18 | no | 14.19 ± 2.33 | yes | 14.72 ± 1.40 | 9–25 |
| Phytic acid (%) | 1.05 ± 0.03 | no | 0.89 ± 0.04 | no | 0.97 ± 0.02 | Not available |
| Trypsin inhibition (TIU/mg) | < 0.1 | < 0.1 | < 0.1 | Not available | ||
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
Analysis of equivalence of proximate measured in brown rice.
| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECD |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalence |
Bt | Equivalence | Dongjin |
||
|
|
||||||
| Ash, % dw | 1.14 ± 0.04 | yes | 1.16 ± 0.10 | yes | 1.17 ± 0.05 | 1.0–1.5 |
| Lipid, % dw | 1.72 ± 0.19 | yes | 1.74 ± 0.15 | yes | 1.58 ± 0.11 | 1.6–2.8 |
| Protein, % dw | 5.69 ± 0.31 | yes | 5.45 ± 0.32 | yes | 5.64 ± 0.12 | 7.1–8.3 |
| Starch, % dw | 66.79 ± 3.60 | yes | 64.77 ± 1.65 | yes | 69.01 ± 5.20 | 66.4 |
| Carbohydrates |
91.44 ± 0.23 | yes | 91.65 ± 0.38 | yes | 91.61 ± 0.21 | 87.4–90.3 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
wEstimate of Carbohydrates: %carbohydrates=100-(%protein+%lipid+%ash)
Analysis of equivalence of amino acid measured in brown rice.
| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECD |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalence |
Bt | Equivalence | Dongjin |
||
|
|
||||||
| Alanine | 5.83 ± 0.19 | yes | 5.73 ± 0.13 | yes | 5.79 ± 0.20 | 5.8 |
| Arginine | 7.70 ± 0.20 | yes | 7.35 ± 0.23 | yes | 7.66 ± 0.35 | 8.5–10.5 |
| Aspartic acid | 9.47 ± 0.29 | yes | 9.03 ± 0.19 | yes | 9.24 ± 0.16 | 9.0, 9.5 |
| Cysteine | 2.40 ± 0.08 | no | 2.49 ± 0.05 | yes | 2.57 ± 0.06 | 2.2–2.4 |
| Glutamic acid | 17.04 ± 0.50 | yes | 17.05 ± 0.49 | yes | 17.59 ± 0.32 | 16.9, 17.6 |
| Glycine | 4.69 ± 0.15 | yes | 4.51 ± 0.08 | no | 4.68 ± 0.10 | 4.7, 4.8 |
| Histidine | 2.24 ± 0.06 | yes | 2.13 ± 0.06 | yes | 2.20 ± 0.12 | 2.4, 2.6 |
| Isoleucine | 3.14 ± 0.03 | yes | 3.11 ± 0.12 | yes | 3.20 ± 0.13 | 3.6–4.6 |
| Leucine | 7.48 ± 0.16 | yes | 7.38 ± 0.24 | yes | 7.66 ± 0.26 | 8.3–8.9 |
| Lysine | 3.65 ± 0.10 | yes | 3.62 ± 0.11 | yes | 3.64 ± 0.12 | 3.9, 4.3 |
| Methionine | 2.61 ± 0.08 | yes | 2.56 ± 0.05 | no | 2.66 ± 0.02 | 2.3, 2.5 |
| Phenylalanine | 4.82 ± 0.08 | yes | 4.66 ± 0.10 | yes | 4.75 ± 0.07 | 5.0, 5.3 |
| Proline | 4.04 ± 0.10 | yes | 3.90 ± 0.20 | yes | 4.16 ± 0.17 | 4.8, 5.1 |
| Serine | 5.32 ± 0.21 | yes | 5.24 ± 0.12 | yes | 5.36 ± 0.06 | 4.8–5.8 |
| Threonine | 3.86 ± 0.10 | yes | 3.86 ± 0.09 | yes | 3.87 ± 0.10 | 3.9–4.0 |
| Tyrosine | 4.19 ± 0.09 | yes | 3.93 ± 0.27 | yes | 4.18 ± 0.21 | 3.8–4.6 |
| Valine | 5.25 ± 0.09 | yes | 5.06 ± 0.05 | yes | 5.10 ± 0.17 | 5.0–6.6 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
Analysis of equivalence of minerals measured in brown rice.
| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECD |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalence |
Bt | Equivalence | Dongjin |
||
|
|
||||||
| Copper (μg/g) | 6.35 ± 2.03 | yes | 4.34 ± 0.70 | yes | 4.84 ± 0.63 | 1–7 |
| Iron (μg/g) | 9.80 ± 2.30 | no | 9.35 ± 0.33 | no | 5.98 ± 1.20 | 2–60 |
| Zinc (μg/g) | 23.16 ± 3.56 | no | 18.38 ± 2.39 | yes | 18.22 ± 1.36 | 7–33 |
| Sodium (μg/g) | 166.19 ± 155.84 | yes | 289.78 ± 165.11 | yes | 264.38 ± 107.72 | 20–400 |
| Calcium (mg/g) | 0.10 ± 0.02 | yes | 0.13 ± 0.01 | yes | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.1–0.6 |
| Sulfer (mg/g) | 0.78 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.82 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.80 ± 0.05 | 0.3–2.2 |
| Magnesium (mg/g) | 0.82 ± 0.10 | yes | 0.88 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.80 ± 0.09 | 0.2–1.7 |
| Potassium (mg/g) | 2.18 ± 0.12 | yes | 2.49 ± 0.32 | no | 2.05 ± 0.23 | 0.7–3.2 |
| Phosphorus (mg/g) | 2.62 ± 0.13 | yes | 2.68 ± 0.11 | yes | 2.44 ± 0.20 | 2-5 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
Analysis of equivalence of fatty acid measured in brown rice.
| Component | GM | Non-GM | Korean rice |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalence |
Bt | Equivalence | Dongjin |
||
|
|
||||||
| Myristic acid (C14:0) | 0.34 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.26 ± 0.02 | no | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 0.22–0.50 |
| Palmitic acid (C16:0) | 17.73 ± 0.23 | yes | 17.89 ± 0.23 | no | 17.52 ± 0.22 | 16.62–22.04 |
| Stearic acid (C18:0) | 2.35 ± 0.09 | no | 2.27 ± 0.16 | yes | 2.16 ± 0.08 | 0.75–2.76 |
| Oleic acid (C18:1) | 39.61 ± 1.26 | yes | 38.33 ± 0.46 | no | 39.24 ± 0.53 | 35.98–44.23 |
| Linoleic acid (C18:2) | 37.32 ± 1.13 | yes | 38.76 ± 0.32 | no | 38.27 ± 0.33 | 31.10–42.66 |
| Linolenic acid (C18:3) | 1.52 ± 0.03 | yes | 1.53 ± 0.10 | yes | 1.47 ± 0.06 | 0.83–3.36 |
| Arachidonic acid (C20:0) | 0.66 ± 0.02 | no | 0.54 ± 0.01 | yes | 0.54 ± 0.05 | 0.44–0.76 |
| Gadoleic acid (C20:1) | 0.48 ± 0.01 | yes | 0.42 ± 0.01 | no | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 0.35–0.60 |
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
xReference of korean rice: Kim et al. (2013), Kyoun et al. (2006), and Park et al. (2012)
Analysis of equivalence of vitamin and anti-nutrients measured in brown rice.
| Component | GM | Non-GM | OECD |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Ab | Equivalence |
Bt | Equivalence | Dongjin |
||
|
|
||||||
| Vitamin B1 (μg/g) | 2.94 ± 0.21 | no | 2.62 ± 0.12 | yes | 2.56 ± 0.11 | 2.9–6.1 |
| Vitamin B2 (μg/g) | 0.51 ± 0.03 | yes | 0.52 ± 0.04 | yes | 0.53 ± 0.03 | 0.4–1.4 |
| Vitamin B3 (μg/g) | 44.68 ± 2.00 | yes | 48.17 ± 2.87 | yes | 45.88 ± 1.84 | 35–53 |
| Vitamin B7 (μg/100g) | 2.20 ± 0.04 | no | 2.60 ± 0.07 | yes | 2.68 ± 0.34 | 4–10 |
| Vitamin E (μg/g) | 11.89 ± 1.18 | no | 14.19 ± 2.33 | yes | 14.72 ± 1.40 | 9–25 |
| Phytic acid (%) | 1.05 ± 0.03 | no | 0.89 ± 0.04 | no | 0.97 ± 0.02 | Not available |
| Trypsin inhibition (TIU/mg) | < 0.1 | < 0.1 | < 0.1 | Not available | ||
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
zAssessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
yParental cultivar of GM rice
x OECD (2004) data source
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
Assessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
Parental cultivar of GM rice
Estimate of Carbohydrates: %carbohydrates=100-(%protein+%lipid+%ash)
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
Assessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
Parental cultivar of GM rice
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
Assessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
Parental cultivar of GM rice
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
Assessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
Parental cultivar of GM rice
Reference of korean rice:
The values of proximate were calculated as percentage of dry matter. Each value is the mean±standard deviation (n=5)
Assessment of equivalence: Analysis using t-test(p<0.05) for comparison between GM rice and non-GM rice
Parental cultivar of GM rice