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‘참동진/영호진미’ 재조합집단을 이용한 수량 관련 형질 양적형질 유전자좌 분석

박현수*, 서정환, 박송희, 박재령, 이창민, 진민아, 정오영

QTL Analysis for Yield-Related Traits Using the Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived From a Cross Between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2024;56(1):31-51.
Published online: March 1, 2024

농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물육종과

Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding to Hyun-Su ParkTEL. +82-63-238-5214FAX. +82-63-238-5205E-mail. mayoe@korea.kr
• Received: January 20, 2024   • Revised: February 13, 2024   • Accepted: February 13, 2024

Copyright © 2024 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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QTL Analysis for Yield-Related Traits Using the Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived From a Cross Between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2024;56(1):31-51.   Published online March 1, 2024
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QTL Analysis for Yield-Related Traits Using the Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived From a Cross Between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2024;56(1):31-51.   Published online March 1, 2024
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QTL Analysis for Yield-Related Traits Using the Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived From a Cross Between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’
Image Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Phenotypic distribution of yield-related traits in the population of 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’ across two years (A-I). The blue and yellow curves and dashed lines represent the density plots and mean values of CY_RIL for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. The blue and yellow inverted triangles represent the mean values of parents for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. CDJ: Chamdongjin, YHJM: Younghojinmi, DAS: days after seeding.
Fig. 2 Phenotypic distribution of grain-related traits in the population of 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’ across two years (A-D) and path analysis of the causal relationship among grain-related traits to explain 1,000-grain weight variation in 2022 (E) and 2023 (F). The blue and yellow curves and dashed lines represent the density plots and mean values of CY_RIL for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. The blue and yellow inverted triangles represent the mean values of parents for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. CDJ: Chamdongjin, YHJM: Younghojinmi. GL: grain length, GW: grain width, GT: grain thickness, TGW: 1,000-grain weight. Single-headed continuous arrows represent linear dependencies (direct effects) calculated as standardized regression coefficients, while double-headed dotted arrows indicate correlation coefficients between each traits. Blue arrows indicate positive effects. The arrow line thickness represents the proportion of the effect. ** indicates significant at 1% probability level.
Fig. 3 Relationship among yield-related traits. Correlation analysis in 2022 (A) and 2023 (B). Path analysis of the causal relationship among yield-related traits to explain yield variation in 2022 (C) and 2023 (D). HD: heading date, CL: culm length, PL: panicle length, PN: number of panicles per hill, NS: number of spikelets per panicle, TGW: 1,000-grain weight, RRG: ratio of ripened grain, BRR: brown/rough rice ratio. Single-headed continuous arrows represent linear dependencies (direct effects) calculated as standardized regression coefficients, while double-headed dotted arrows indicate correlation coefficients between each traits. Blue and red arrows indicate positive and negative effects, respectively. The arrow line thickness represents the proportion of the effect. Ns, *, and ** indicate no significant, significant at 5 and 1% probability level, respectively.
Fig. 4 Interaction effects of GS3 and OsTB1 alleles on yield-related traits (A-F). A: number of panicles per hill (PN), B: number of spikelets per panicle (NS), C: 1,000-grain weight (TGW), D: ratio of ripened grain (RRG), E: brown/rough rice ratio (BRR). F: yield.
Fig. 5 Interaction effects of SD1, GS3, and OsTB1 alleles on the number of spikelets per panicle (NS, A) and ratio of ripened grain (RRG, B). The black squares represent the mean values of phenotype for each gene combinations. The numbers in the parentheses represent the number of lines constituting each allele combination. Ns, *, and ** indicate no significant, significant at 5 and 1% probability level, respectively.
QTL Analysis for Yield-Related Traits Using the Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived From a Cross Between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’

QTLs associated with yield-related traits identified in the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongin’ (P1) and ‘Younghojinmi’ (P2) during the years 2022-2023.

Traitz QTL name Chr.y Position
(cM)
Interval-flanking markers LODx PVEw (%) Addv Candidate
geneu

left right
HD qHD8_2022 8 5 chr08_2107949 chr08_2479524 12.7 47.8 -2.01 Hd18
qHD8_2023 8 5 chr08_2107949 chr08_2479524 15.7 42.6 -1.31 Hd18
CL qCL1_2022 1 344 KJ01_109 chr01_36649551 17.6 42.1 6.85 SD1
qCL1_2023 1 346 KJ01_109 chr01_36649551 9.2 35.9 4.88 SD1
PL qPL1_2023 1 340 KJ01_109 chr01_36649551 4.6 17.3 0.62 SD1
PN qPN3_2022 3 155 chr03_28852757 chr03_32608218 5.4 24.0 -0.55 OsTB1
qPN3_2023 3 150 chr03_24699522 chr03_28852757 6.0 24.8 -0.75 OsTB1
NS qN3S_2022 3 102 chr03_14288844 chr03_16733441 7.1 13.3 -7.86 GS3
qNS3_2023 3 102 chr03_14288844 chr03_16733441 4.4 12.2 -6.65 GS3
TGW qTGW3_2022 3 102 chr03_14288844 chr03_16733441 26.4 69.1 1.66 GS3
qTGW3_2023 3 103 chr03_16733441 chr03_17092696 20.9 62.3 1.86 GS3
BRR qBRR3_2023 3 103 chr03_16733441 chr03_17092696 6.8 29.7 0.28 GS3
Yield qYield1_2023 1 346 KJ01_109 chr01_36649551 5.7 14.2 1.62 SD1

QTLs associated with grain-related traits identified in the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongin’ (P1) and ‘Younghojinmi’ (P2) during the years 2022-2023.

Traitz QTL name Chr.y Position
(cM)
Interval-flanking markers LODx PVEw (%) Addv Candidate
geneu

left right
GL qGL_2022 3 102 chr03_14288844 chr03_16733441 25.9 73.7 0.33 GS3
qGL_2023 3 102 chr03_14288844 chr03_16733441 34.6 77.1 0.33 GS3
RLW qRLW_2022 3 101 chr03_14288844 chr03_16733441 23.3 69.4 0.11 GS3
qRLW_2023 3 102 chr03_14288844 chr03_16733441 21.7 65.2 0.10 GS3

Effects of Hd18, SD1, GS3 and OsTB1 alleles on the phenotype of yield-related traits.

Allele typez n HDy (DAS) CL
(cm)
PL
(cm)
PN NS TGW
(g)
RRG
(%)
BRR
(%)
Yield
(g/plant)
Hd18 54 106** 85ns 21.1ns 10.1ns 118ns 26.1ns 90.5ns 82.9** 30.1ns
hd18 37 109 87 21.3 10.2 123 25.3 90.2 82.6 30.5

SD1 63 108ns 89** 21.4** 10.1ns 123** 25.6ns 91.2** 82.8ns 30.9**
sd1 28 107 78 20.6 10.2 113 26.1 88.6 82.7 28.6

gs3 62 107ns 85ns 21.2ns 10.2ns 116** 27.0** 89.8** 82.9** 30.8**
GS3 29 108 87 21.1 10.1 128 23.2 91.7 82.5 29.1

OsTB1TGTG 53 108ns 87ns 21.3ns 9.6** 124** 25.9ns 91.0* 82.8ns 29.8ns
OsTB1 38 107 85 21.0 10.9 114 25.6 89.6 82.7 30.7

Effects of GS3 and OsTB1 allele combinations on the phenotype of yield-related traits.

Allele combinationz n HDy (DAS) CL
(cm)
PL
(cm)
PN NS TGW
(g)
RRG
(%)
BRR
(%)
Yield
(g/plant)
gs3-OsTB1TGTG 37 108ax 85a 21.2a 9.6b 120b 27.0a 90.3b 82.9a 30.3ab
gs3-OsTB1 25 107a 85a 21.2a 11.0a 110c 27.0a 89.b 82.9a 31.4a
GS3-OsTB1TGTG 16 108a 89a 21.3a 9.6b 132a 23.4b 92.7a 82.5b 28.7b
GS3-OsTB1 13 107a 84a 20.8a 10.7a 123b 23.0b 90.4b 82.4b 29.5b

ANOVA analysis with F-values for the effects of SD1, GS3, OsTB1, and their interactions on the phenotypic variation of yield-related traits.

Source of variance dfz HDy CL PL PN NS TGW RRG BRR Yield
SD1 1 0.2ns 87.0** 15.1** 0.4ns 13.2** 2.7ns 21.6** 0.3ns 19.2**
GS3 1 0.0ns 0.1ns 1.9ns 0.0ns 17.0** 187.7** 6.9* 20.3** 15.6**
OsTB1 1 3.8ns 4.2* 2.3ns 55.8** 18.6** 0.3ns 10.2** 0.2ns 2.4ns
SD1*GS3 1 0.6ns 0.0ns 2.9ns 2.2ns 2.4 3.1ns 4.1* 0.1ns 0.8ns
SD1*OsTB1 1 0.6ns 1.2ns 0.9ns 0.3ns 1.7 0.7ns 1.9ns 1.7ns 0.1ns
GS3*OsTB1 1 0.4ns 1.7ns 0.7ns 0.9ns 0.6 0.6ns 0.6ns 1.3ns 0.0ns
SD1*GS3*OsTB1 1 0.3ns 1.9ns 9.3** 1.0ns 7.8** 1.3ns 0.3ns 0.0ns 1.3ns

Effects of SD1, GS3, and OsTB1 allele combinations on the phenotype of yield-related traits.

Allele combinationz n HDy (DAS) CL
(cm)
PL
(cm)
PN NS TGW
(g)
RRG
(%)
BRR
(%)
Yield
(g/plant)
SD1-gs3-OsTB1TGTG 22 108ax 90a 21.3ab 9.6b 123b 26.9a 91.4abc 82.9ab 31.2ab
sd1-gs3-OsTB1TGTG 15 108a 79cd 21.1abc 9.7b 117bc 27.0a 88.7cd 82.9ab 29.0bc
SD1-gs3-OsTB1 18 107a 89ab 21.6a 11.0a 112bc 26.9a 90.3bc 83.0a 32.1a
sd1-gs3-OsTB1 7 107a 77de 20.2cd 11.0a 105c 27.1a 86.2d 82.7ab 29.6abc
SD1-GS3-OsTB1TGTG 13 108a 90a 21.7a 9.4b 138a 23.7b 92.5ab 82.5abc 29.6abc
sd1-GS3-OsTB1TGTG 3 107a 83bc 19.5d 10.6a 106c 22.1c 93.4a 82.5abc 25.0d
SD1-GS3-OsTB1 10 107a 88ab 20.9abc 10.7a 123b 23bc 90.9abc 82.4bc 30abc
sd1-GS3-OsTB1 3 106a 72e 20.3bcd 10.9a 124b 22.8bc 88.9cd 82.1c 27.8c

Yield-related traits of ‘Jeonju697’ at the replicated yield trial in 2023.

Variety Allele combination HDz (DAS) CL
(cm)
PL
(cm)
PN NS TGW
(g)
RRG
(%)
BRR
(%)
Yield
(kg/ha)
Sindongjin Hd18-SD1-gs3-OsTB1TGTG 107by 81a 23a 11.0b 126a 28.2a 84.5b 84.1a 545a
Chamdongjin Hd18-SD1-gs3-OsTB1TGTG 107b 82a 23a 11.2b 123a 28.7a 83.0b 83.9a 548a
Younghojimi hd18-sd1-GS3-OsTB1 113a 77b 19c 13.0a 86b 22.5c 83.3b 82.5b 501b
Jeonju697 Hd18-sd1-gs3-OsTB1TGTG 107b 72c 21b 11.9ab 97b 27.2b 90.5a 83.3ab 510b
Table 1 QTLs associated with yield-related traits identified in the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongin’ (P1) and ‘Younghojinmi’ (P2) during the years 2022-2023.

zHD: heading date, CL: culm length, PL: panicle length, PN: number of panicles per hill, NS: number of spikelets per panicle, TGW: 1,000-grain weight, BRR: brown/rough rice ratio.

yChromosome number, xLogarithm of the odds score, wPhenotypic variation explained by the QTL.

vAdditive effect, add=(P1-P2)/2, the positive value of the additive effect indicates that the allele from Chamdongjin (P1) contributes to an increase in the trait value.

uHd18: Os08g0143400 (chr08:2385537..2389276), SD1: Os01g0883800 (chr01:38382385..38385469), OsTB1: Os03g0706500 (chr03:28428504..28430438), GS3: Os03g0407400 (chr03:16729501..16735109).

Table 2 QTLs associated with grain-related traits identified in the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongin’ (P1) and ‘Younghojinmi’ (P2) during the years 2022-2023.

zGL: grain length, GT: grain thickness, RLW: ratio of length to width.

yChromosome number, xLogarithm of the odds score, wPhenotypic variation explained by the QTL.

vAdditive effect, add=(P1-P2)/2, the positive value of the additive effect indicates that the allele from Chamdongjin (P1) contributes to an increase in the trait value.

uGS3: Os03g0407400 (chr03:16729501..16735109).

Table 3 Effects of Hd18, SD1, GS3 and OsTB1 alleles on the phenotype of yield-related traits.

zChamdongin: Hd18, SD1, gs3, OsTB1TGTG, Younghojinmi: hd18, sd1, GS3, OsTB1

yHD: heading date, DAS: days after seeding, CL: culm length, PL: panicle length, PN: number of panicles per hill, NS: number of spikelets per panicle, TGW: 1,000-grain weight, BRR: brown/rough rice ratio

NS, *, and ** mean no significant, significant p<0.05, and p<0.01 by t-test, respectively

Table 4 Effects of GS3 and OsTB1 allele combinations on the phenotype of yield-related traits.

zChamdongin: gs3-OsTB1TGTG, Younghojinmi: GS3-OsTB1.

yHD: heading date, DAS: days after seeding, CL: culm length, PL: panicle length, PN: number of panicles per hill, NS: number of spikelets per panicle, TGW: 1,000-grain weight, RRG: ratio of ripened grain, BRR: brown/rough rice ratio.

xMeans with same letters in a column are not significantly different at p<0.05 (ANOVA followed by DMRT).

Table 5 ANOVA analysis with F-values for the effects of SD1, GS3, OsTB1, and their interactions on the phenotypic variation of yield-related traits.

zdegree of freedom.

yHD: heading date, DAS: days after seeding, CL: culm length, PL: panicle length, PN: number of panicles per hill, NS: number of spikelets per panicle, TGW: 1,000-grain weight, RRG: ratio of ripened grain, BRR: brown/rough rice ratio.

NS, *, and ** mean no significant, significant p<0.05, and p<0.01 by three-way ANOVA, respectively.

Table 6 Effects of SD1, GS3, and OsTB1 allele combinations on the phenotype of yield-related traits.

zChamdongin: SD1-gs3-OsTB1TGTG, Younghojinmi: sd1-GS3-OsTB1.

yHD: heading date, DAS: days after seeding, CL: culm length, PL: panicle length, PN: number of panicles per hill, NS: number of spikelets per panicle, TGW: 1,000-grain weight, RRG: ratio of ripened grain, BRR: brown/rough rice ratio.

xMeans with same letters in a column are not significantly different at p<0.05 (ANOVA followed by DMRT).

Table 7 Yield-related traits of ‘Jeonju697’ at the replicated yield trial in 2023.

zHD: heading date, DAS: days after seeding, CL: culm length, PL: panicle length, PN: number of panicles per hill, NS: number of spikelets per panicle, TGW: 1,000-grain weight, RRG: ratio of ripened grain, BRR: brown/rough rice ratio.

yMeans with same letters in a column are not significantly different at p<0.05 (ANOVA followed by DMRT).