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New Cultivar Developed

조기재배용 분질고구마 ‘진다미’

문진영1,*, 정종일2, 이종태1, 황연현1, 김영광1, 손창희1, 김선희1, 양문희1, 김보람1, 류언정1, 조재원1, 이정순1

‘Jindami’, an Early Maturing Mealy Sweet Potato Variety

Jin-Young Moon1,*, Jong-Il Chung2, Jong-Tae Lee1, Yeon-Hyeon Hwang1, Young-Gwang Kim1, Chang-Hee Son1, Seon-Hui Kim1, Mun-Hee Yang1, Bo-Ram Kim1, Eon-Jung Ryu1, Jae-Won Cho1, Jung-Sun Lee1
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2024;56(4):559-567.
Published online: December 1, 2024

1경상남도농업기술원 작물연구과

2경상국립대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과

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*Corresponding to Jin-Young MoonTEL. +82-55-254-1233E-mail. iammoonjy@korea.kr
• Received: September 26, 2024   • Revised: October 18, 2024   • Accepted: October 22, 2024

Copyright © 2024 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

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  • In 2022, Jindami was developed as an early maturing mealy sweet potato variety. It was derived from a cross between Dahomi (IT309420) with early maturity and Jinyulmi (IT327287) with early maturity and good palatability. The storage roots of Jindami have a light-purple skin, yellow flesh, and a reverse-ovate shape. When steamed, Jindami storage roots exhibit a mealy texture and are tenderer than those of the check variety, Jinyulmi. The sugar content of steamed Jindami storage roots was 25.4 mg/100 g on a dry weight basis, which was 6.0% higher than that of Jinyulmi. The marketable yield of Jindami storage roots was 28.6 t/ha in the early-season production, which was 19.2% higher than that of Jinyulmi with high yield in the early-season production. Jindami is resistant to root-knot nematode and Fusarium wilt. Jindami is expected to contribute to an increased income for sweet potato-growers as it has good palatability and can be shipped at a time when the market price is high owing to its high yield in the early-season production.
고구마[Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]는 식물학적으로 메꽃과에 속하는 쌍떡잎식물로 메꽃과에 속하는 1,000여 종 중에서 가장 경제적인 가치가 높은 작물이다. 고구마는 세계에서 일곱 번째로 중요한 식량 작물로, 구근 작물 중에서는 카사바와 함께 생산량이 가장 많다(Ray & Ravi 2005). 다양한 생태환경에 적응성이 뛰어나 남위 32°~북위 40°의 위도와 3,000 m까지의 해발에서 재배가 가능하다. 그에 따라 온대 지방에서는 일년생 식물, 열대 지방에서는 영년생 식물로 분류되고 있지만 일반적으로 일년생으로 재배되고 있다.
고구마의 세계 재배면적은 2020년 기준 7,400천 ha로 주요 작물 중 28번째였으며 생산량은 89,488천 톤으로 주요 작물 중 17번째로 많았다(FAO 2024). 한국에서는 2017년부터 2022년까지 재배면적은 20~23천 ha, 생산량은 30~36만 톤 수준을 유지하였다. 국내 고구마의 농업생산액은 2017년 5,108억원, 2019년 6,375억원으로 지속적으로 증가하였으며 2022년에는 7,171억원으로 식량작물 중에서 벼 다음으로 높았다. 국내 고구마 산업은 지속적으로 성장하고 있으며 고구마는 농가 소득에 기여하는 바가 큰 작물이다.
경남의 고구마 재배면적은 2022년 기준으로 1,053 ha로 전국 재배면적의 4.9%를 차지하고 있다. 경남 재배면적은 전남, 경기 등에 이어 7번째지만(KOSIS 2024) 재배농가의 평균소득은 다른 지역보다 높다. 경남의 단위면적당 수량은 965 kg으로 전국 1,514 kg의 64% 수준으로 적지만, 1 kg 당 단가는 3,484원으로 전국 2,127원보다 64% 높아, 농가 조수입은 10a 당 3,377천원으로 전국 평균인 3,235천원보다 높다(KRDA 2023a, KRDA 2023b). 국내 고구마 연평균 소매가격은 2022년에 1 kg 당 4,369원으로 최근 5년(2018~2022년) 동안 가격이 상승하는 추세이며 월별 가격은 조기재배로 생산한 햇고구마가 출하되기 시작하는 7월과 8월에 높은 경향이었다(KAMIS 2024). 이에 비추어 볼 때 경남지역 고구마 재배농가들은 조기재배를 통한 조기출하로 높은 판매가격을 통해 고소득을 유지하고 있다(RDA 2019).
온대기후대의 북쪽에 위치한 우리나라에서 전형적인 고구마 재배방식은 5월 중순에 종순을 삽식하여 9~10월에 수확하는 보통기재배(적기재배)와 동계작물 후작으로 6월 중하순에 삽식하여 10월에 수확하는 만기재배형태가 있다. 그러나 사회 경제의 변화와 소비자들의 기호 변화에 따라 고품질 햇고구마의 조기출하가 요구되기 시작하자 조기재배의 필요성에 대한 농민들의 인식과 기술 개발에 대한 수요가 증가하였다. 이에 따라 이른 시기에 종순을 생산하기 위한 조기육묘 방법과 만상을 회피하여 재배할 수 있는 조기재배 연구가 수행되었다(Jeong et al. 1986, Jeong 2003). 현재는 전열온상 육묘기술과 저온과 서리를 회피하는 개량피복재배 등 조기재배기술이 개발⋅보급되어 8월 햇고구마의 출하량은 꾸준히 늘어나고 있다. 그러나 재배기술의 개선만으로 한계가 있어 생산자들은 조기재배용 고구마 품종 육성을 요구하고 있다. 즉 조기재배시에도 식미가 우수하며 초기 저온에서도 피해를 받지 않아 수량이 많은 품종이 필요하다.
고구마 품종은 용도에 따라 식용, 가공용, 색소용으로 구분되어 육성되고 있으나 용도별로 요구되는 농업 형질은 서로 큰 차이를 보인다. 또한 같은 품종이라도 재배지역과 재배방법에 따라 분질도와 모양, 수량 등이 다르게 나타나므로(Han et al. 2013) 지역 특성에 알맞은 품종의 개발이 필요하다.
이에 경상남도농업기술원에서는 찐고구마의 단맛이 강해 식미가 우수하며 조기재배시에도 수량이 많은 분질의 특성을 갖춘 고구마 ‘진다미’ 품종의 육성 경위와 주요 특성을 보고하고자 한다.
재배방법 및 특성조사
비대시기가 빠르고 육질이 분질이며 식미가 우수한 다수성 고구마 품종을 육성하기 위하여 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소에서 육성한 ‘다호미’(Lee et al. 2015)를 모본, ‘진율미’(Lee et al. 2020)를 부본으로 하여 2017년도에 인공교배하였다. ‘진다미’의 모본으로 사용한 ‘다호미’(‘무안4호’/ ‘진홍미’)는 조기재배 수량이 많고 식미가 뛰어난 품종이며, 부본으로 사용한 ‘진율미’(‘신천미’/ ‘전미’)도 조기재배 적응 품종으로 주당 상저수량이 많고 찐고구마의 당도가 높아 식미가 우수하다. 2018년에 실생개체 선발시험, 2019년에 계통선발시험, 2020년에 생산력검정시험을 경남 진주에 위치한 경상남도농업기술원 작물연구과 시험포장에서 보통기재배로 수행하였다. 지역적응시험은 2021년부터 2022년까지 2년간 수행하였으며 보통기재배는 진주, 함양, 고성 등 3개 지역에서, 조기재배는 진주에서 수행하였다. 조기재배와 보통기재배의 정식시기는 각각 4월 중순, 5월 중⋅하순으로 재배기간은 120일이었다. 시험구는 계통별로 75 ㎝의 이랑에 반복 당 80개체를 1열당 20개체씩 4열로 20 ㎝ 간격으로 정식하였다. 생산력 검정시험은 완전임의배치 4반복, 지역적응시험은 난괴법 3반복으로 배치하였다. 조기재배와 보통기재배의 피복필름은 각각 백색과 흑색이 배열된 배색 PE필름과 흑색의 생분해필름을 사용하였다. 시험구의 시비량은 토양검정 후 농촌진흥청 표준재배법에 따라 5.5-6.3-15.6 kg/10a (N-P2O5-K2O)을 시비하였고 퇴비는 10a 당 1,000 kg을 시용하였다(RDA 2017).
고유 특성 및 농업 특성 조사는 작물별 특성조사기준(KSVS 2011) 및 농업과학기술 연구조사분석기준(RDA 2012)에 따라 실시하였다. 육묘상에서의 맹아 특성 조사를 위해 2월 중순경 양열 온상에 파종하였고 맹아기까지 토양 온도를 30℃ 내외로 유지하였다. 씨고구마를 파종한 후 처음 싹이 튼 날과 50% 싹이 튼 날을 각각 맹아시, 맹아기로 하여 조사하였다. 하나의 시험구는 75 ㎝의 이랑 4열을 4 m 의 크기로 조성하여 1열 당 20개체씩 4열 80개체를 20 ㎝ 간격으로 정식하였고 4열 중 가운데 2열을 조사주로 사용였다. 지상부 무게는 생체 무게를 측정한 후 ha당 무게로 환산하였다. 경엽중은 덩굴무게를 측정한 후 ha당 무게로 환산하였다. 상저평균중은 무게가 50 g 이상인 상저의 무게를 상저의 개수로 나누어 구하였고 주당 상저수는 상저의 개수를 정식 주수로 나누어 구하였다. 상저수량은 상저의 무게를 ha 생산량으로 환산하여 구하였다. 품종간 유의성 검정은 R version 4.0.3 (R Core Team 2020) 프로그램을 이용하여 독립 표본 t-검정(Independent two-sample t-test) 방법으로 실시하였다.
병해 저항성 검정
병해 저항성 검정은 지역적응시험 계통을 대상으로 고구마의 주요 병해인 덩굴쪼김병과 뿌리혹선충에 대해 실시하였다. 덩굴쪼김병 저항성 검정은 비닐하우스에서 채취한 약 20 cm 길이의 줄기를 5×104 conidia/mL 농도의 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas 포자 현탁액에 개체당 20 mL씩 침지 처리한 다음 포장에 정식하였다. 발병도(disease index, DI)는 0=건전, 1=줄기의 도관이 경미하게 갈변되었으나 생육이 양호한 것, 2=도관이 약간 갈변되고 생육이 약간 억제된 것, 3=도관이 갈변되고 생육이 억제된 것, 4=도관이 심하게 갈변되고 생육이 심하게 억제된 것, 5=고사 등 6단계로 하였다. 저항성 대비 품종인 ‘신건미’(Ahn et al. 2002b), 감수성 대비 품종인 ‘보라미’(Ahn et al. 2002a)와 병징의 발생 정도를 비교하여 조사하였다. 저항성 반응은 평균 발병도가 1.0이하는 저항성(R, Resistance), 1.1~2.5는 중도저항성(MR, Moderate resistance), 2.5초과는 감수성(S, Susceptibility)으로 판정하였다.
뿌리혹선충 저항성 검정을 위해 국립농업과학원 작물보호과로부터 고구마뿌리혹선충(Meloidogyne incognita)을 분양 받아 뿌리혹선충에 감수성인 토마토 ‘Rutgers’ 품종에 접종하여 약 8주간 증식하였다. 비닐하우스에서 채취한 약 15 cm 길이의 줄기를 포트에 이식한 후 유리온실에서 5일 간 재배하면서 뿌리를 유도하였다. 뿌리혹선충 접종원 농도는 고구마 개체당 뿌리혹선충 알 3,000개로 하였고 7반복으로 접종하였으며 8주간 재배하였다. 뿌리에 형성된 난낭 개수를 조사하기 위하여 뿌리를 깨끗이 씻은 후 0.0015% Phloxine B 용액에 15분간 침지한 후 염색된 난낭의 개수를 측정하였다. 뿌리혹선충에 대한 고구마의 저항성 반응은 뿌리에 형성된 난낭 개수가 감수성 대비 품종인 ‘율미’(Jeong et al. 1991)의 10% 이하이면 저항성, 11~25%는 중도저항성, 25%를 초과하면 감수성으로 판정하였다(Choi et al. 2006).
품질분석
고구마의 건물률은 잘게 썬 생고구마 100 g을 80℃에서 48시간 열풍 건조(DS-80P-3, Dasol Scientific Co., Korea)한 다음 건조 후 무게를 건조 전 무게로 나누어 구하였다. 찐고구마 육질의 경도는 Texture analyzer (CT3 Texture Analyzer, USA)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 찐고구마를 가로, 세로, 높이가 각각 1 cm가 되도록 자른 후 직경이 38 mm인 프로브(probe)를 이용하여 80% Strain, 2 mm sec-1 pre-test speed, 1 mm sec-1 test speed로 측정하였다.
유리당의 함량을 분석하기 위하여 동결건조기(LP20R, Ilshinbiobase, Korea)를 이용하여 건조 분말을 제조하였다. 유리당 함량 분석은 동결 건조된 생고구마 분말 1 g과 찐고구마 분말 0.5 g을 각각 10 mL의 50% acetonitrile (acetonitrile : water = 50 : 50 (v/v)을 첨가하여 10분간 초음파(CPX5800H-E, Branson, USA) 처리하였다. 4℃ 온도에서 3,000 rpm으로 10분간 원심 분리(UNION 32R PLUS, Hanil Science Industrial, Korea)한 후 0.2 µm PVDF syringe filter를 이용하여 상등액을 여과하였다. 이동상은 0.2% triethylamine이 함유된 acetonitrile : water = 70 : 30 (v/v)으로 하였고, BEH amid 2.1×100 mm, 1.7 µm (Waters, USA) 컬럼을 이용하여 UPLC (Waters, USA)로 분석하였다.
찐고구마 당도는 찐고구마 20 g과 물 80 mL를 50초 간 분쇄한 후 굴절당도계(PR-32α, ATAGO, Japan)를 이용하여 측정한 값에 희석배수를 곱하여 구하였다. 찐고구마의 식미 평가는 표준 품종인 ‘진율미’의 식미와 비교하여 표준 품종 대비 매우나쁨(-3.0), 나쁨(-2.0), 약간나쁨(-1.0), 대등(0), 약간좋음(1.0), 좋음(2.0), 매우좋음(3.0)으로 점수를 부여하였다.
육성경위
조기비대성으로 분질 육질의 식미가 우수한 다수성 고구마 품종을 육성하기 위하여 ‘다호미’(IT309420)를 모본, ‘진율미’(IT327287)를 부본으로 하여 2017년도에 인공교배하였다. 2018년에 실생개체 및 계통선발시험을 수행하였으며 128개체 중에서 괴근의 모양과 비대가 양호한 계통을 선발하였다. 2019년과 2020년에 생산력검정예비시험과 생산력검정본시험을 수행하여 상저수량이 많고 찐고구마의 육질이 분질로 식미가 우수한 ‘17DH/JY0010’ 계통을 선발하여 계통명을 ‘초전1호’로 부여하여 지역적응시험에 공시하였다. 2021년부터 2022년까지 3개 지역에서 지역적응시험을 수행한 결과 조기재배 및 보통기 재배에서 상저수량이 대조 품종인 ‘진율미’보다 많고, 덩굴쪼김병 및 뿌리혹선충에 저항성으로 재배안정성이 인정되어 2022년 경상남도농업기술원 종자위원회에서 신품종으로 선정되었으며 ‘진다미(Jindami)’라 명명하였다. ‘진다미’의 육성과정과 계통도는 Figs. 1, 2와 같다.
고유특성
‘진다미’는 녹색으로 잎 모양은 심장형이고 잎에 열편이 없다. 엽맥, 끝잎, 마디, 잎자루 등에서 안토시아닌 발현이 모두 없다(Table 1). ‘진다미’의 괴근 껍질색은 연한 자색, 괴근 육색은 황색이고 2차색은 연한 황색이다(Table 2, Fig. 3). ‘진다미’의 괴근 모양은 거꿀계란형으로 ‘진율미’의 방추형과 구분되고, ‘진다미’ 괴근의 장폭비는 3.1로 ‘진율미’와 차이가 없으며 괴근의 눈깊이는 얕다(Table 2).
농업적 특성 및 병해 저항성
‘진다미’의 묘상에서 맹아시와 맹아기까지 소요된 기간은 각각 12.9일과 16.3일이었으며 통계적 유의성은 없었으나 ‘진율미’보다 각각 1.1일, 1.5일 빨랐다. 조기재배시 ‘진다미’의 주만장 길이는 112.9 cm로 ‘진율미’보다 짧았고, 경엽중은 28.8 t/ha으로 ‘진율미’와 차이가 없었다. 수량구성요소에서는 ‘진다미’의 상저평균중은 119.2 g, 주당상저수는 3.1개로 ‘진율미’와 차이가 없었다(Table 3). 보통기재배시 ‘진다미’의 주만장 길이는 157.9 cm, 덩굴무게는 41.4 t/ha으로 ‘진율미’와 차이가 없었고 수량구성요소인 상저평균중은 148.1 g, 주당상저수는 3.2개로 ‘진율미’와 차이가 없었다(Table 4).
고구마의 주요 병해인 덩굴쪼김병에 대한 저항성 검정 결과 감수성 대비 품종인 ‘보라미’는 대부분의 개체에서 도관이 심각하게 황화되어 고사하였으며 발병도가 4.0으로 매우 높았다. 저항성 대비 품종인 ‘신건미’는 도관의 황화, 줄기의 쪼개짐 등 병징이 발생하지 않았고 지상부 생육도 왕성하여 발병도가 0이었다. ‘진다미’는 병징의 발생이 거의 없이 지상부 생육이 왕성하여 발병도가 0.4로 저항성으로 판정하였다(Table 5).
고구마뿌리혹선충에 대한 저항성을 검정한 결과 감수성 대비 품종인 ‘율미’와 저항성 대비 품종인 ‘주황미’의 뿌리에 형성된 난낭의 평균 개수는 각각 295.6개, 0.0개였다. ‘진다미’의 뿌리에 형성된 난낭의 개수는 평균 0.0개로 저항성으로 판정하였다(Table 5).
품질특성
‘진다미’의 찐고구마 육질은 분질로 ‘진율미’보다 퍽퍽하였다. ‘진다미’ 괴근의 건물율은 35.9%로 ‘진율미’의 34.1%보다 높아 괴근의 수분함량이 적었다. 찐고구마의 경도도 1,697.4 g로 ‘진율미’의 1,589.7 g 보다 6.8% 높았다. ‘진다미’의 생고구마와 찐고구마 유리당 함량은 각각 7.1 g/100g dw (건물기준), 25.4 g/100g dw이었으며 ‘진율미’보다 각각 4.4%, 16.0% 높았다. 찐고구마 당도는 29.7 °Brix이었으며 ‘진율미’의 당도인 26.8 °Brix보다 높았다. ‘진다미’의 찐고구마 식미 점수는 1.3로 ‘진율미’(0.0)보다 높았다(Table 6).
수량성
‘진다미’는 생산력검정시험에서 상저수량이 35.9 t/ha으로 ‘진율미’의 26.8 t/ha보다 33.9% 많았다(Table 7). 조기재배의 경우 ‘진다미’의 상저수량은 28.6 t/ha으로 조기재배 품종인 ‘진율미’보다 19.2% 많았다(Table 3). 보통기재배시 3개 지역 평균 상품괴근수량은 30.1 t/ha으로 ‘진율미’보다 21.9% 많았으며, 지역별로는 ‘진율미’의 120~124% 수준이었다(Table 8). ‘진다미’는 조기재배와 상저수량이 보통기재배와 비슷한 수준으로 나타나 조기재배 품종인 ‘진율미’보다 조기재배에 적합한 것으로 판단되었다.
‘진다미’는 조기비대성으로 분질 육질의 식미가 우수한 다수성 고구마 품종을 육성하기 위하여 조기재배 수량이 많은 품종인 ‘다호미’(IT309420)를 모본으로 하고 조기재배 품종으로 식미가 우수하며 수량성이 높은 ‘진율미’(IT327287)를 부본으로 하여 2022년에 육성된 고구마 품종이다. ‘진다미’의 껍질색은 연한 자색, 육색은 황색이며 괴근 모양은 거꿀계란형이다. ‘진다미’는 덩굴쪼김병과 뿌리혹선충에 저항성이다. 찐고구마 육질은 ‘진율미’보다 더 분질이다. ‘진다미’의 찐고구마 유리당 함량은 25.4 g/100g dw로 ‘진율미’보다 6.0% 높아 당도가 높았다. ‘진다미’는 조기재배시 상품괴근수량이 28.6 t/ha으로 조기재배 품종인 ‘진율미’보다 19.2% 많았다. 보통기재배시 ‘진다미’의 상저평균중은 148.1 g, 주당상품괴근수는 3.2개였으며 상저수량은 30.1 t/ha으로 ‘진다미’보다 21.9% 많았다. ‘진다미’는 육질이 분질로 당도가 높고 식미가 좋아 소비자가 선호하는 특성을 갖추고 있고 덩굴쪼김병, 뿌리혹선충과 같은 주요 병해에 저항성이 있어 재배안정성이 높으며 조기재배 수량이 많아 가격이 높은 시기에 출하할 수 있어 고구마 재배농가의 소득 증대에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.
본 ‘진다미’ 품종은 경상남도농업기술원 연구사업(세부과제명: 경남지역 적응 고구마 신품종 육성, 세부과제번호: LP003702)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 결과의 일부입니다.
Fig. 1
Genealogical diagram of ‘Jindami’.
kjbs-56-4-559-f1.jpg
Fig. 2
Pedigree diagram of ‘Jindami’.
kjbs-56-4-559-f2.jpg
Fig. 3
Raw storage roots of ‘Jidami’ (left) and ‘Jinyulmi’ (right).
kjbs-56-4-559-f3.jpg
Table 1
Mature vine characteristics of ‘Jindami’ on field at harvesting stage.
Table 1
Variety Leaf shape No. of leaf blade lobes Leaf color Extent of anthocyanin coloration on abaxial veins Anthocyanin coloration
Tip Internode Node Petiole
Jindami Cordate Absent Green Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
Jinyulmi Cordate Absent Green Very Weak Absent Absent Absent Weak
Table 2
Tuberous root characteristics of ‘Jindami’.
Table 2
Variety Skin color Flesh colorz General shape Length/width ratio Depth of eyes
Jindami Light purple Yellow + light yellow Reverse ovate 3.4±0.2ns y Shallow
Jinyulmi Red Light yellow Elliptic 3.1±0.2x Shallow

zMain color of flesh+secondary color of flesh

yns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test

xMean±SE (n=3).

Table 3
Agronomic characteristics, yield components, and yield of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in early-season production.
Table 3
Variety Sprout appearance
(DAP)z 		Date of
sprouting
(DAP)		 Vine length
(cm)		 Vine weight (t/ha) Avg. weight of marketable storage root (g) No. of marketable storage root per plant Marketable storage root yield (t/ha)
Jindami 12.9±1.5ns y 16.3±1.8ns 112.9±22.5* 28.8±4.7ns 119.2±10.5ns 3.1±0.1ns 28.6±1.9*
Jinyulmi 14.0±0.6x 17.8±1.4 130.0±24.6 30.4±3.7 116.3±9.5 2.9±0.2 24.0±2.3

zDAP: Days after planting

yns indicates no significant difference, while * significant at p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test.

xMean±SE (n=3).

Table 4
Agronomic characteristics and yield components of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in normal season culture.
Table 4
Variety Vine length
(cm)		 Vine weight
(t/ha)		 Avg. weight of marketable storage root (g) No. of marketable storage root per plant
Jindami 157.9±22.5ns z 41.4±3.1ns 148.1±8.5ns 3.2±0.2ns
Jinyulmi 187.6±24.6y 40.1±1.6 141.2±10.3 3.3±0.1

zns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test.

yMean±SE (n=3).

Table 5
Resistance reaction to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas (Fusarium wilt) and Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) of ‘Jindami’.
Table 5
Variety Fusarium wilt Root-knot nematode
Disease index
(DI, 0~5)		 Resistance

reactionz 		No. of egg mass
per plant		 Resistance
reactiony
Jindami 0.4 R 0.0 R
Jinyulmi 0.3 R 713.9 S
Juhwangmi -x - 0.0 R (Resistant check)
Yulmi - - 295.6 S (Susceptible check)
Singeonmi 0 R (Resistant check) - -
Borami 4.0 S (Susceptible check) - -

zR (Resistance, DI=0~1.0), MR (Moderate resistance, DI=1.1~2.5), S (Susceptibility, DI=2.6~5.0).

yResistance was determined by number of egg masses per plant. R: ≤10% of a susceptible cultivar (Yulmi), MR: 11~25%, S: >25%.

xnot investigated.

Table 6
Quality characteristics of storage root of ‘Jindami’.
Table 6
Variety Texture of steamed storage
root		 Dry matter content
(%)		 Hardness of steamed storage
root(g)		 Total sugar contents
(g/100g dw)		 °Brix of steamed
storage root		 Palatability
(-3~3)
Raw Steaming
Jindami Mealy 35.9±1.0* z 1,697.4±35.4* 7.1±1.0ns 25.4±0.5* 29.7±0.9* 1.3±0.1*
Jinyulmi Mealy 34.1±0.3y 1,589.7±24.6 6.8±0.7 21.9±0.3 26.8±1.5 0.0±0.0

zns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05, while * significant at respectively p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test

yMean±SE (n=3).

Table 7
Marketable storage root yield(t/ha) of ‘Jindami’ on preliminary and advanced yield trials.
Table 7
Variety Marketable storage root yield (t/ha)
2019 2020 Mean Indexz
Jindami 37.7 34.1 35.9* y 134
Jinyulmi 23.8 29.8 26.8 100

z(Yield of ‘Jindami’ / yield of ‘Jinyulmi’)×100.

y* indicates significant at respectively p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test.

Table 8
Marketable storage root yield (t/ha) of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in normal season culture at three regions
Table 8
Region Jindami (t/ha) Indexz Jinyulmi (t/ha)
2021 2022 Mean 2021 2022 Mean
Jinju 29.2 30.9 30.2 121 25.2 24.3 24.8
Goseong 31.4 31.9 31.7 120 26.9 25.7 26.3
Hamyang 28.3 28.7 28.6 124 22.8 23.4 23.0
Mean 29.6 30.4 30.1* y 122 23.6 24.5 24.7

z(Yield of ‘Jindami’ / yield of ‘Jinyulmi’)×100.

y, *indicates significant at respectively p<0.05 in marketable storage root yield from 2021 to 2022 between ‘Jindami’ and ‘Jinyulmi’ in the independent two-sample t-test.

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‘Jindami’, an Early Maturing Mealy Sweet Potato Variety
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2024;56(4):559-567.   Published online December 1, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2024.56.4.559
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‘Jindami’, an Early Maturing Mealy Sweet Potato Variety
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2024;56(4):559-567.   Published online December 1, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2024.56.4.559
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‘Jindami’, an Early Maturing Mealy Sweet Potato Variety
Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Genealogical diagram of ‘Jindami’.
Fig. 2 Pedigree diagram of ‘Jindami’.
Fig. 3 Raw storage roots of ‘Jidami’ (left) and ‘Jinyulmi’ (right).

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

‘Jindami’, an Early Maturing Mealy Sweet Potato Variety

Mature vine characteristics of ‘Jindami’ on field at harvesting stage.

Variety Leaf shape No. of leaf blade lobes Leaf color Extent of anthocyanin coloration on abaxial veins Anthocyanin coloration
Tip Internode Node Petiole
Jindami Cordate Absent Green Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
Jinyulmi Cordate Absent Green Very Weak Absent Absent Absent Weak

Tuberous root characteristics of ‘Jindami’.

Variety Skin color Flesh colorz General shape Length/width ratio Depth of eyes
Jindami Light purple Yellow + light yellow Reverse ovate 3.4±0.2ns y Shallow
Jinyulmi Red Light yellow Elliptic 3.1±0.2x Shallow

Agronomic characteristics, yield components, and yield of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in early-season production.

Variety Sprout appearance
(DAP)z		 Date of
sprouting
(DAP)		 Vine length
(cm)		 Vine weight (t/ha) Avg. weight of marketable storage root (g) No. of marketable storage root per plant Marketable storage root yield (t/ha)
Jindami 12.9±1.5ns y 16.3±1.8ns 112.9±22.5* 28.8±4.7ns 119.2±10.5ns 3.1±0.1ns 28.6±1.9*
Jinyulmi 14.0±0.6x 17.8±1.4 130.0±24.6 30.4±3.7 116.3±9.5 2.9±0.2 24.0±2.3

Agronomic characteristics and yield components of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in normal season culture.

Variety Vine length
(cm)		 Vine weight
(t/ha)		 Avg. weight of marketable storage root (g) No. of marketable storage root per plant
Jindami 157.9±22.5ns z 41.4±3.1ns 148.1±8.5ns 3.2±0.2ns
Jinyulmi 187.6±24.6y 40.1±1.6 141.2±10.3 3.3±0.1

Resistance reaction to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas (Fusarium wilt) and Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) of ‘Jindami’.

Variety Fusarium wilt Root-knot nematode
Disease index
(DI, 0~5)		 Resistance

reactionz		 No. of egg mass
per plant		 Resistance
reactiony
Jindami 0.4 R 0.0 R
Jinyulmi 0.3 R 713.9 S
Juhwangmi -x - 0.0 R (Resistant check)
Yulmi - - 295.6 S (Susceptible check)
Singeonmi 0 R (Resistant check) - -
Borami 4.0 S (Susceptible check) - -

Quality characteristics of storage root of ‘Jindami’.

Variety Texture of steamed storage
root		 Dry matter content
(%)		 Hardness of steamed storage
root(g)		 Total sugar contents
(g/100g dw)		 °Brix of steamed
storage root		 Palatability
(-3~3)
Raw Steaming
Jindami Mealy 35.9±1.0* z 1,697.4±35.4* 7.1±1.0ns 25.4±0.5* 29.7±0.9* 1.3±0.1*
Jinyulmi Mealy 34.1±0.3y 1,589.7±24.6 6.8±0.7 21.9±0.3 26.8±1.5 0.0±0.0

Marketable storage root yield(t/ha) of ‘Jindami’ on preliminary and advanced yield trials.

Variety Marketable storage root yield (t/ha)
2019 2020 Mean Indexz
Jindami 37.7 34.1 35.9* y 134
Jinyulmi 23.8 29.8 26.8 100

Marketable storage root yield (t/ha) of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in normal season culture at three regions

Region Jindami (t/ha) Indexz Jinyulmi (t/ha)
2021 2022 Mean 2021 2022 Mean
Jinju 29.2 30.9 30.2 121 25.2 24.3 24.8
Goseong 31.4 31.9 31.7 120 26.9 25.7 26.3
Hamyang 28.3 28.7 28.6 124 22.8 23.4 23.0
Mean 29.6 30.4 30.1* y 122 23.6 24.5 24.7
Table 1 Mature vine characteristics of ‘Jindami’ on field at harvesting stage.
Table 2 Tuberous root characteristics of ‘Jindami’.

zMain color of flesh+secondary color of flesh

yns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test

xMean±SE (n=3).

Table 3 Agronomic characteristics, yield components, and yield of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in early-season production.

zDAP: Days after planting

yns indicates no significant difference, while * significant at p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test.

xMean±SE (n=3).

Table 4 Agronomic characteristics and yield components of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in normal season culture.

zns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test.

yMean±SE (n=3).

Table 5 Resistance reaction to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas (Fusarium wilt) and Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) of ‘Jindami’.

zR (Resistance, DI=0~1.0), MR (Moderate resistance, DI=1.1~2.5), S (Susceptibility, DI=2.6~5.0).

yResistance was determined by number of egg masses per plant. R: ≤10% of a susceptible cultivar (Yulmi), MR: 11~25%, S: >25%.

xnot investigated.

Table 6 Quality characteristics of storage root of ‘Jindami’.

zns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05, while * significant at respectively p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test

yMean±SE (n=3).

Table 7 Marketable storage root yield(t/ha) of ‘Jindami’ on preliminary and advanced yield trials.

z(Yield of ‘Jindami’ / yield of ‘Jinyulmi’)×100.

y* indicates significant at respectively p<0.05 in the independent two-sample t-test.

Table 8 Marketable storage root yield (t/ha) of ‘Jindami’ on regional yield trial in normal season culture at three regions

z(Yield of ‘Jindami’ / yield of ‘Jinyulmi’)×100.

y, *indicates significant at respectively p<0.05 in marketable storage root yield from 2021 to 2022 between ‘Jindami’ and ‘Jinyulmi’ in the independent two-sample t-test.

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