A white sesame variety, ‘Haniall’ (Sesamum indicum L.), exhibiting shattering resistance and early maturity, was developed in 2021. ‘Haniall’ originated from a cross between ‘Suwon195’ and ‘Early Russian’ in 2014. ‘Haniall’ features a plant type characterized many branches and single capsule per node. Notably, the ‘Haniall’ exhibited resistance to seed shattering. The yield of Haniall was about 104 kg/10 a, which is 20% higher than that of ‘Ansan.’ ‘Haniall’ showed crude fat content of 54%, a lignan content of 6.4 mg/g. This variety is expected to contribute to the increased sesame production in Korea through large-scale mechanical cultivation (Registration No. 10320).

‘SuperHani’ is a sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivar characterized by high lignan content and a non-shattering trait. It was developed in 2022 through a cross between ‘Suwon195’ and ‘YCS71’. This cultivar has a highly branched triple-capsule growth type, with 117 capsules per plant and a 1,000-seed weight of 2.0 g. Field evaluations revealed non-shattering traits, with seeds not falling even after the capsules were split open, indicating suitability for mechanical harvesting. Seed quality analyses demonstrated a total lignan content of 14.8 mg/g, with total polyphenol and flavonoid contents as well as antioxidant activities being significantly higher than those of the control. In regional adaptability trials, the average yield was 120 kg/10a, approximately 90% that of ‘Geonbaek’, but this difference was not statistically significant. These results suggest that ‘SuperHani’ is a mechanically harvestable cultivar that combines non-shattering traits with high levels of functional compounds. This has the potential to contribute to labor savings and the production of high-value sesame (Registration No.10316).

‘K-Ol2’ is a high-oil, high-oleic acid peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety developed by the National Institute of Crop and Food Science and released in 2022. This variety was derived through pedigree selection from a single cross between the variety ‘Jaseon’ and the high-oleate elite line ‘YG377’. High-oleate lines were selected in the F₃ generation using Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography. ‘K-Ol2’ exhibits a relatively short plant height with main stem and branch lengths of 29 cm and 36 cm, respectively, which are less than those of the check variety ‘Akwang’. The seeds had a brown testa and an elliptical kernel shape, with a 100-seed weight of 87 g and an average of 54 mature pods per plant. Seed composition analysis revealed an average protein content of 29.3% and a high crude fat content of 54.5%. The oleic acid (C18:1) content reached 82.8%, with an oleic to linoleic acid ratio of 28.5:1, significantly higher than that of ‘Akwang’ (2.2:1). In oxidative stability evaluations under accelerated oxidizing conditions, ‘K-Ol2’ exhibited an extended induction time to reach maximum conductivity increase, indicating improved resistance to lipid oxidation. Regional yield trials conducted from 2020 to 2022 demonstrated that ‘K-Ol2’ produced an average yield of 4.60 MT⋅ha^-1, representing a 10% increase over ‘Akwang’. Due to its high oil content and improved oxidative stability, ‘K-Ol2’ is expected to play a valuable role in the peanut processing industry (Registration No. 10358).

‘Saebom’ is a new vegetable perilla (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton) variety developed at the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, in 2020, following a cross made in 2011 between YPL54-2B-36-1-1-1-2-2 and YPL83-2B-5-2-5. It was developed using a pedigree breeding method. YPL156-2B-9-2-1-3-2 was selected and named ‘Milyang 83.’ Subsequently, summer and winter productivity tests were conducted. ‘Saebom’ has small, round-shaped leaves and its maximum leaf length is 13.1 cm, which allows for the distribution of leaf harvesting labor. In addition, the leaves are thick, which is beneficial for storage, and the ratio of the apical leaf length/leaf length is 55.8% (‘Namcheon’ 37.2%). This value is considered high and makes ‘Saebom’ highly marketable. Its leaf yield and leaf number were 10% and 8% higher than those of ‘Namcheon,’ respectively, and its antioxidant activity was also higher. In December 2020, the variety was named ‘Saebom’ by the new variety selection committee for its excellence, and its variety protection rights were registered in 2023 (Registration No. 9305).

‘Gowon1’ is a large-sized and high-yielding peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. ssp. hypogaea var. hypogaea), which was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Miryang, and approved for release in 2019. For the harvest of vegetable peanuts, a large-sized pod and comparatively early maturation with high fresh-pod yield are required. ‘Gowon1’ was developed through pedigree selection from a single cross between the large-grain, short-stem variety ‘Pungsan’ and ‘Miryang47’, the early-maturing elite line. ‘Gowon1’ has 11 branches with the main stem and branch lengths of 43 cm and 49 cm, respectively. Each pod contains two seeds with a brown testa and a long ellipse-shape. ‘Gowon1’ exhibits 42 pods per plant, a 100-seed weight of 98 g and 80% mature pod ratio. Seed composition includes 30.2% protein, 47.0% crude fat, and 45% oleic acid, among other fatty acids. In regional yield trials conducted at four locations (2016-2018), ‘Gowon1’ demonstrated enhanced productivity, with an average fresh pod yield of 12.25 MT per hectare, which was 28% higher than the reference variety, ‘Palkwang’. It also exhibited higher resistance to early and late leaf spot and lodging compared to the reference variety in trials (Registration No. 9196).

This study used perilla seeds produced in 2019, 2020, and 2021 to determine the year of production using multivariate statistical analysis of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data of perilla leaves. Spectral analysis based on multivariate statistical analysis of whole-cell extracts was used to distinguish the perilla leaves at the metabolic level. FT-IR spectral data of the leaves were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The FTIR spectrum identified spectral differences between the frequency regions of 1,700 to 1,500, 1,500 to 1,300, and 1,100 to 950 cm^-1. This spectral region reflects quantitative and qualitative changes in amides I, II in amino acids and proteins (1,700–1,500 cm^-1), phosphodiester groups from nucleic acids and phospholipids (1,500–1,300 cm^-1), and carbohydrate compounds (1,100–950 cm^-1). PCA revealed separate clusters corresponding to production traceability relationships. Therefore, PCA can be used to distinguish between production in 2019, 2020, and 2021 based on different metabolite contents. PLS-DA showed a similar production traceability classification for the perilla seeds. In addition, this metabolic identification system can be used to rapidly select and classify useful perilla seed varieties.

‘Heukchan’ (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a medium-sized grain and black-skin peanut variety that was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science in 2019. ‘Heukchan’ was developed from a single cross between black-skin accession ‘Heukhwasaeng’ and Virginia-type elite line ‘HP825’. ‘Heukchan’ has short ellipse-shaped grains and a dark-purple seed coat. It also has a shorter main stem and branch length (39 cm and 44 cm, respectively) than those of ‘Daekwang’ (50 cm and 61 cm, respectively) which resulted in higher tolerance to lodging. On average, the number of matured pods per plant of ‘Heukchan’ was 61 and its shelling ratio was 74%. The 100-seed weight of ‘Heukchan’ was 64 g which was lower than that of ‘Daekwang’ (85 g). In the regional adaptation test (from 2017 to 2019), the average grain yield of ‘Heukchan’ was 4.56 tons⋅ha^-1 showing a 5% higher yield than ‘Daekwang’. The seed coat of ‘Heukchan’ contains two types of anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-sophoroside and cyanidin 3-sambubioside, which are not found in ‘Daekwang’. We analyzed the chemical properties of cooked rice containing ‘Heukchan’ with an increasing substitution ratio (5, 10, 20, and 40%); minerals and antioxidative activity as well as protein and unsaturated fatty acids were found to be significantly increased in the rice mixed with ‘Heukchan’. This new variety highlights the novel use of black-skin peanuts for mixing with rice to enhance nutrition and functionality (Registration No. 9195).

Perilla has a long history of cultivation and consumption in Korea. Its cultivar ‘Sodam’, which is used for its oil and powder, was developed from a cross between two parents ‘K015926’ and ‘Miryang27’. The parents were crossed in 2004, and their progenies were selected from F₃ to F₅ generations through pedigree method. Regional yield trials (RYTs) were conducted in four regions from 2012 to 2014. ‘Sodam’ is a light gray and small spherical-seeded cultivar. It matures earlier (October 2) than ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’, a standard cultivar, and the number of flower clusters per plant as well as the number of ears per cluster is higher in ‘Sodam’ than in the standard cultivar. Its seeds contain approximately 46.4% crude fat, and the oil is rich (about 65.0%) in alpha-linolenic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid. ‘Sodam’ is characterized by upright plant growth with narrow branch angles. The average yield of this cultivar was 1.23 ton/ha in adaptable regions. ‘Sodam’ is expected to be a potential cultivar source for production of good quality perilla oil (Registration No. 6729).

Perilla cultivar ‘Deulsaem’ was developed for perilla oil and powder. ‘YPL139’ and ‘Daesildeulkkae’ crossed in 2003 and selected from F₃ to F₅ by pedigree method. The selected pedigree is ‘YPS142-B-28-1-3-2-2’ and named as Miryang No. 57. The regional yield trial (RYT) in five regions was conducted from 2011 to 2013. In RYT, ‘Deulsaem’ was a high yield and quality. ‘Deulsaem’ is determinate, white flower and brown spherical seed. Maturity date was Oct. 8, similar to ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’(standard cultivar). However, ‘Deulsaem’ has higher number of flower cluster and ear per cluster than ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’. The yield of oil content and linolenic acid of ‘Deulsaem’ was 39.4% and 61.0%, respectively. The yield in adaptable regions was 1.42 ton/ha (5% increase compared to ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’) and ‘Deulsaem’ is expected to be cultivated and used widely for good quality perilla oil. (Registration No. 6246)

An interspecific cross between P. citriodora and P. hirtella constitutes ideal material for a linkage map construction in genome project of Perilla. The chromosomes of the species are same with n=10 and progenies of the cross are normal in growth and seed set. The phenotype of F2 population of the cross are normally distributed and this is a proof of high affinity of the chromosomes during their sexual reproduction. Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin and Apigenin contents of F2 plants were distributed in similar range with tetraploid perilla cultivars. Luteolin and Apigenin are positively correlated with correlation coefficient of 0.762. 21 QTLs were detected in agronomic traits and Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin and Apigenin contents. Even though Luteolin and Apigenin are positively correlated, QTLs were located in different position. Purple leaf color related QTL was mapped in Chromosome 3 with LOD of 14.3, PVE of 50.4%. Three anthocyanin biosynthesis transcription factor like sequences, WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein, myb domain protein 43 and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein, were detected near from the QTL.