‘Goso’, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA for end-use diversity. It was derived from the cross ‘Gobun/Ol” during 1998. ‘Goso’ was released from the line named as ‘Iksan325’ in 2010 after yield trials test in conducted for three years from 2008. ‘Goso’ is an awned, semi-dwarf, red grain and soft winter wheat. The heading and maturity date of ‘Goso’ were similar to ‘Keumkang’. ‘Goso’ had similar test weight (799 g/L) and lower 1,000-grain weight (42.5 g) than ‘Keumkang’ (804 g/L and 46.7 g, respectively). ‘Goso’ showed resistance to winter hardiness and pre-harvest sprouting, which withering rate on the low ridge (4.4%) and lower rate of pre-harvest sprouting (4.0%) than ‘Keumkang’ (1.6% and 29.8%, respectively). ‘Goso’ showed lower flour yield (63.7%), protein content (9.8%), SDS-sedimentation volume (30.0 ml) and gluten content (7.2%) than ‘Keumkang’ (73.6%, 12.6%, 50.0 ㎖ and 10.8%, respectively). It showed larger diameter (88 mm) and top-grade (5) of cookie than ‘Keumkang’ (79 mm and 2, respectively). HMW-GS compositions of ‘Goso’ were 2* in Glu-A1, 7+8 in Glu-B1 and 2.2+12 in Glu-D1, respectively. GBSS composition of ‘Goso’ was same with ‘Keumkang’ and expressed wild type. Pinb-D1 was wild type that was different in ‘Keumkang’. Average yield of ‘Goso’ in the regional adaptation yield trial test was 657 kg/10a in upland and 561 kg/10a in paddy field, which was 21% and 7% higher than those of ‘Keumkang’ (545 kg/10a and 524 kg/10a, respectively).

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‘Dahomi’, a new sweetpotato variety, was developed for table use by the sweetpotato breeding team of Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2012. This variety was derived from the cross between ‘Muan4’ and ‘Jinhongmi’ in 2005. The seedling and line selections were performed from 2007 to 2008, preliminary and advanced yield trials were carried out from 2009 to 2010, and the regional yield trials was conducted at five locations from 2011 to 2012 and it was named as ‘Dahomi’. This variety has three or five lobes leaf, green leaf, stem, and petiole. Storage root of ‘Dahomi’ was elliptic, red skin, light orange flesh. This variety is resistant to fusarium wilt, but susceptible to root-knot nematode. Texture of steamed storage root was intermediate, and degree Brix of steamed storage root was 24.8 °Brix. The total sugar content of raw and steamed storage root was 9.7, 32.0/100 dry weight (g), respectively, which was higher than that of ‘Yulmi. Storage root yield of ‘Dahomi’ was 26.3 MT/ha under the early seasonal cultivation, which was 52% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. Storage root yield of ‘Dahomi’ was 21.9 MT/ha under the optimum and late seasonal cultivation, which was 35% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. The number of storage roots over 50 g per plant was 2.8 and the average weight of storage root was 138 g under the optimum and late seasonal cultivation.

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A novel auricleless bariey (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar ‘Jomi’ was developed which shows high biomass yield, good quality and high ruminant-palatability at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. This cultivar was derived from a cross of the ‘Suwon337’ and ‘Suwon355’ in 1999 and a promising line showing both high yield and lodging resistance through the preliminary and advanced yield trials at Iksan in 2006-2007, was designated as the ‘Iksan 438’. ‘Iksan438’ was conducted to regional yield trials (RYT) in seven locations around Korea for three years from 2008 to 2010, and was released as the name of ‘Jomi’. It has erect plant type, growth habit of Ⅰand green and auricleless leaf . Its heading date was April 23 and maturing date was May 25 in paddy field, 3 days and 1 day earlier than ‘Youngyang’, respectively. The cultivar showed 90cm of culm length, 846 spikes per m2, high rate of leaf blades, resistance to BaYMV and better winter hardiness than that of ‘Youngyang’, The average forage yield of ‘Jomi’ was about 10.3 ton ha^-1 in dry matter (28 ton ha^-1 in fresh matter) in paddy field with 8.3% of crude protein content, 26.2% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 48.3% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), 68.2% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients) and grade Ⅱ of silage quality. This cultivar would be suitable for the area above the daily minimum temperature of -8°Cin January in Korean peninsula.

‘Joongmo2004’, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. It was derived from the cross ‘Bacanora88/Keumkang//Keumkang’ during 1996. ‘Joongmo2004’ was evaluated as ‘Iksan320’ in advance yield trial test in 2006. It was tested in the regional yield trial test between 2007 and 2009. Its heading date was April 26 in upland and April 23 in paddy filed conditions, and Maturity date was June 5 in upland and June 4 in paddy field, which were similar to Keumkang, respectively. It showed 830 in number of spikes per m², 35 of grain number per spike, 44.9g of 1,000 grain weight, and 806g of test weight. ‘Joongmo2004’ showed moderate to fusarium graminearum (Scab) in test of specific character although ‘Keumkang’ is susceptible to scab. ‘Joongmo2004’ had higher flour yield (75.5%) than ‘Keumkang’(72.5%). ‘Joongmo2004’ showed similar ash (0.42%), lower protein content (12.3%), SDS-sedimentation volume (43.0 ml) and gluten content (10.3%) than ‘Keumkang’ (0.42%, 13.1%, 57.8ml and 10.8%, respectively). It showed higher lightness (89.97), redness (-1.38) and yellowness (10.76) in flour color than ‘Keumkang’ (89.61, -1.15 and 9.46, respectively). ‘Joongmo2004’ exhibited lower hardness (3.50N), similar springiness and higher cohesiveness of cooked noodles (0.92 and 0.65) compared to ‘Keumkang’ (4.54N, 0.93, and 0.63, respectively). The average grain yield in the regional yield trial was 517 kg/10a in upland and 534 kg/10a in paddy field, which were 11% lower and 3% higher than that of the check cultivar, ‘Keumkang’, respectively.

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‘Joongmo2003’, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. It was derived from the cross ‘SW86054/Keumkang’ during 1997. ‘Joongmo2003’ was evaluated as ‘Iksan318’ in advance yield trial test in 2006. It was tested in the regional yield trial test between 2007 and 2009. Its heading date was April 24 in upland and April 21 in paddy filed conditions, which was two days earlier than those of the check cultivar ‘Keumkang’, respectively, and maturity date was June 4 in upland and June 2 in paddy field, one or two days earlier than those of ‘Keumkang’, respectively. ‘Joongmo2003’ showed resistance to winter hardiness and pre-harvest sprouting, which lower withering rate on the low ridge (0.3%) and rate of pre-harvest sprouting (18.5%) than ‘Keumkang’ (9.2 and 25.8%, respectively). ‘Joongmo2003’ showed similar protein content (13.2%), lower SDS-sedimentation volume (54.0 ml) and higher gluten content (11.7%) than ‘Keumkang’ (13.1%, 57.8ml and 10.8%, respectively). It showed higher lightness (89.85) of flour and noodle dough sheet than ‘Keumkang’ (89.81 and 80.28, respectively). ‘Joongmo2003’ exhibited similar hardiness (3.84N), springiness and cohesiveness of cooked noodles (0.92 and 0.63) compared to ‘Keumkang’ (4.54N, 0.93, and 0.63, respectively). The average grain yield in the regional yield trial was 555 kg/10a in upland and 485 kg/10a in paddy field, which were 4% and 7% lower than those of the check cultivar, ‘Keumkang’, respectively.

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Doubled haploid (DH) system is an effective tool in improving breeding efficiency and has been widely applied in wheat breeding programs. Wheat x maize hybridization is used for the production of wheat DH because of its efficiency and ease of application. We carried out an experiment to investigate genotype effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays) on efficiency of wheat haploid production. In various wheat x maize crosses, ten wheat and seven maize genotypes were tested. Haploid embryos were rescued and cultured for plant regeneration. Average seed set, embryo formation and haploid regeneration of five wheat varieties in crosses with a pollinator cv. Gangdaok were about 75%, 19% and 8.4%, respectively. Their haploid regeneration ranged from 3.7~9.8% and cv. Jokyoung showed highest regeneration. Average seed set, embryo formation and haploid regeneration of seven maize genotypes in crosses with a parent cv. Jokyoung were about 78%, 18% and 9.6%, respectively. Their haploid regeneration ranged from 7.6~12.9% and cv. Kwangpyeongok showed highest regeneration followed by cvs. Gangdaok and Gangilok. Analysis of variance for seed set and embryo formation showed highly significant effects of wheat parents and maize pollinators, whereas their interaction effect was only significant for seed set. The effect of maize genotypes on these traits was greater than that of wheat genotypes. Consequently, cvs. Kwangpyeongok, Gangdaok and Gangilok were found to be better pollen donors among the genotypes tested in wheat x maize hybridization for wheat hybrid production.

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