‘K-Ol2’ is a high-oil, high-oleic acid peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety developed by the National Institute of Crop and Food Science and released in 2022. This variety was derived through pedigree selection from a single cross between the variety ‘Jaseon’ and the high-oleate elite line ‘YG377’. High-oleate lines were selected in the F₃ generation using Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography. ‘K-Ol2’ exhibits a relatively short plant height with main stem and branch lengths of 29 cm and 36 cm, respectively, which are less than those of the check variety ‘Akwang’. The seeds had a brown testa and an elliptical kernel shape, with a 100-seed weight of 87 g and an average of 54 mature pods per plant. Seed composition analysis revealed an average protein content of 29.3% and a high crude fat content of 54.5%. The oleic acid (C18:1) content reached 82.8%, with an oleic to linoleic acid ratio of 28.5:1, significantly higher than that of ‘Akwang’ (2.2:1). In oxidative stability evaluations under accelerated oxidizing conditions, ‘K-Ol2’ exhibited an extended induction time to reach maximum conductivity increase, indicating improved resistance to lipid oxidation. Regional yield trials conducted from 2020 to 2022 demonstrated that ‘K-Ol2’ produced an average yield of 4.60 MT⋅ha^-1, representing a 10% increase over ‘Akwang’. Due to its high oil content and improved oxidative stability, ‘K-Ol2’ is expected to play a valuable role in the peanut processing industry (Registration No. 10358).

‘Gowon1’ is a large-sized and high-yielding peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. ssp. hypogaea var. hypogaea), which was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Miryang, and approved for release in 2019. For the harvest of vegetable peanuts, a large-sized pod and comparatively early maturation with high fresh-pod yield are required. ‘Gowon1’ was developed through pedigree selection from a single cross between the large-grain, short-stem variety ‘Pungsan’ and ‘Miryang47’, the early-maturing elite line. ‘Gowon1’ has 11 branches with the main stem and branch lengths of 43 cm and 49 cm, respectively. Each pod contains two seeds with a brown testa and a long ellipse-shape. ‘Gowon1’ exhibits 42 pods per plant, a 100-seed weight of 98 g and 80% mature pod ratio. Seed composition includes 30.2% protein, 47.0% crude fat, and 45% oleic acid, among other fatty acids. In regional yield trials conducted at four locations (2016-2018), ‘Gowon1’ demonstrated enhanced productivity, with an average fresh pod yield of 12.25 MT per hectare, which was 28% higher than the reference variety, ‘Palkwang’. It also exhibited higher resistance to early and late leaf spot and lodging compared to the reference variety in trials (Registration No. 9196).

The white sesame variety, ‘Kangyou’ (Sesamum indicum L.) with disease resistance and high yield was developed in 2019. It was developed through a cross between ‘China Black’ and ‘SI982849’, in 2006. The ‘Kangyou’ variety has a few branches and triple capsules per node. ‘Kangyou’ exhibited resistance to Phytophthora blight and Fusarium wilt disease in the field. The yield from ‘Kangyou’ was about 1.37 ton per hectare, 13% higher than that of ‘Goenbaek’. ‘Kangyou’ showed a crude fat content of 53% and a lignan content of 4.8 mg/g. This variety will contribute to the increase in sesame production in Korea and will be used in sesame breeding programs.

‘Heukchan’ (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a medium-sized grain and black-skin peanut variety that was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science in 2019. ‘Heukchan’ was developed from a single cross between black-skin accession ‘Heukhwasaeng’ and Virginia-type elite line ‘HP825’. ‘Heukchan’ has short ellipse-shaped grains and a dark-purple seed coat. It also has a shorter main stem and branch length (39 cm and 44 cm, respectively) than those of ‘Daekwang’ (50 cm and 61 cm, respectively) which resulted in higher tolerance to lodging. On average, the number of matured pods per plant of ‘Heukchan’ was 61 and its shelling ratio was 74%. The 100-seed weight of ‘Heukchan’ was 64 g which was lower than that of ‘Daekwang’ (85 g). In the regional adaptation test (from 2017 to 2019), the average grain yield of ‘Heukchan’ was 4.56 tons⋅ha^-1 showing a 5% higher yield than ‘Daekwang’. The seed coat of ‘Heukchan’ contains two types of anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-sophoroside and cyanidin 3-sambubioside, which are not found in ‘Daekwang’. We analyzed the chemical properties of cooked rice containing ‘Heukchan’ with an increasing substitution ratio (5, 10, 20, and 40%); minerals and antioxidative activity as well as protein and unsaturated fatty acids were found to be significantly increased in the rice mixed with ‘Heukchan’. This new variety highlights the novel use of black-skin peanuts for mixing with rice to enhance nutrition and functionality (Registration No. 9195).

A white sesame variety ‘Nuri (Sesamum indicum L.)’ with resistance to Phytophthora blight disease was developed in 2016. It was derived from a cross between ‘Suwon 131’ and ‘Yangbaek’ in 1999. ‘Nuri’ has few branches and triple capsules per node. Notably, ‘Nuri’ exhibited resistance to Phytophthora blight and Fusarium wilt and a yield of approximately 1.19 tons per hectare, 17% higher than that of ‘Kopoom’. ‘Nuri’ presented a crude fat content of 49.0% and protein content of 26.1%. Thus, this variety would contribute to increased sesame production. (Registration no. 7889).

A peanut cultivar ‘Sewon’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang, Korea, in 2017. The cultivar is a cross between the Shinpung-type red skin ‘Charmwon’ and the Virginia-type large grain ‘Milyang27’. ‘Sewon’, which is a Shinpung type of plant, had 13 branches per plant, main stem length of 35 cm, and branch length of 51 cm. Each pod contained two grains with red testa and a large and long ellipse-shaped kernel. The cultivar yielded 38 pods per plant, 113 g of 100-seed-weight (dry), and 1.73 seeds per pod in the regional yield trials (RYT). Crude oil accounted for 35.2% and protein 31.7% of the seed. This cultivar was resistant to early leaf spot, and it was more resistant to late leaf spot, stem rot, and lodging when compared with that of the reference cultivar ‘Palkwang’. In the three-year-long regional yield trials, ‘Sewon’ was more productive than the reference cultivar; it yielded 11.97 MT/ha of fresh pod and 5.23 MT/ha of dry grain, corresponding respectively to 21% and 16% increase compared with those of ‘Palkwang’. ‘Sewon’ is a promising high yielding peanut with early maturing and cultural stability (Registration No. 7926).

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a traditional oil seed crop grown in Korea. Sesame cultivation in Korea, however, is difficult and the yield is still very low. As such, a sesame variety, ‘Yoomi,’(Sesamum indicum L.) with disease resistance and high yield was developed in 2012. It was obtained by crossing ‘Yangbaek’ and SIG950480-6-3-1 in 2001. ‘Yoomi’ has few branches and a triple capsule per node. Notably ‘Yoomi’ exhibited a resistance to Phytophthora blight disease and a lodging resistance in the field. The yield of ‘Yoomi’ was about 1.06 ton per hectare, 8% higher than that of ‘Yangbaek’. ‘Yoomi’ crude fat content was 49.7%, and lignan content was 6.62 mg/g. This variety will contribute to increasing sesame production in Korea and will be utilized in sesame breeding programs.

A peanut variety ‘Tamsil’ (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Milyang in 2016. This was developed by crossing ‘Milyang26’ with Virginia-typed short stem and ‘Milyang20’ with Virginia-typed large grain. ‘Tamsil’, which is a Virginia plant type, has 22 branches per plant, and its main stem length is 31 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield characteristics were as follows: pods per plant, 44; 100-seed weight, 111 g; and pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials, 78%. The seed has 48.5% crude oil and 28.8% protein content. This variety showed resistance to early leaf spot, and it is more resistant to web blotch, stem rot, and lodging than the reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years, ‘Tamsil’ was more productive than the reference variety by 19% with 4.97 MT/ha grain production.

A sesame variety “Goenbaek” (Sesamum indicum L.) with phytophthora disease resistance and high yield was developed in 2013. It was obtained via a cross between “Sungbun (IT156459)” and “SIG950006-4-1-1” in 2001. “Goenbaek” has few branches and triple capsules per node. Notably, “Goenbaek” exhibited resistance to phytophthora blight disease and lodging in the field. Furthermore, the yield of “Goenbaek” was about 1.16 ton per hectare, which was 12% higher than that of “Yangbaek”. “Goenbaek” also showed a high oil content of 50.2%

A new peanut variety ‘Ahwon’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2015. This was developed from the cross between ‘YG75’ with Shinpung-typed large grain and ‘YG46’ with Virginia-typed short stem. ‘Ahwon’ which is a Virginia plant type had 20 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 40 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 40 pods per plant, 108 g of 100-seed-weight and 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 47.7% of crude oil and 29.4% of protein content. This variety showed resistant to early leaf spot and had more resistant to web blotch, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Ahwon’ was more productive than reference variety by 10% with 4.74 MT/ha for grain production.

A new peanut variety ‘Daan’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2014. This was developed from the cross between ‘Iksan 31’ with Virginia typed short stem and ‘Dakwang’ with Shinpung-typed larger grain. ‘Daan’ which is a Shinpung plant type had 13 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 44cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 34 pods per plant, 127 g of 100-seed-weight and 75% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 47.8% of crude oil and 28.3% of protein content. This variety showed resistant to early leaf spot and had more resistant to late leaf spot, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Daan’ was more productive than reference variety by 16% with 5.00 MT/ha for grain production.

A new peanut variety ‘Danwon’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2013. This was developed from the cross between ‘YG75’ with Shinpung type and ‘SP9617’ with larger grain. ‘Danwon’ is the first Shinpung typed short stem variety ever developed in Korea. It has 13 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 32 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 40 pods per plant, 91 g of 100-seed-weight and 77% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 48.7% of crude oil and 26.9% of protein content. This variety showed more resistant to early and late leaf spot, web blotch, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Danwon’ was more productive than reference variety by 6% with 4.52 MT/ha for grain production.

A new peanut variety ‘K-Ol’(Arachis hypogaea ssp. fastigiata L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2013. This was developed from a cross between ‘Baekseon’ with Shinpung type and ‘F435-5’ with high oleic acid. ‘K-Ol’ is the first high oleate variety in Korean and has short stem and Shinpung plant type. It has 10 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 43 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and short ellipse-shaped kernel. Its yield components showed 46 pods per plant, 74 g of 100-seed-weight and 76% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed contains 26.0% protein and 50.7% crude oil with a typical fatty acid composition of 82.9% oleate and 2.7% linoleate. This variety showed more resistant to late leaf spot, web blotch, stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety ‘Daekwang’. In the regional yield trials for 2 years ‘K-Ol’ showed 4.34 MT/ha for grain yield by 99% of production level of reference variety.

A new peanut variety ‘Huaseon’ (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2013. This was developed from the cross between ‘Iksan 31’ with Virginia typed short stem and ‘SP9614’ with Shinpung-typed larger grain. ‘Huaseon’ which is a Shinpung plant type had 10 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 41 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 45 pods per plant, 84 g of 100-seed-weight and 79% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 47.3% of crude oil and 27.6% of protein content. This variety showed resistant to early leaf spot and had more resistant to stem rot and lodging, compared to reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Huaseon’ was more productive than reference variety by 12% with 4.78 MT/ha for grain production.

A new peanut variety ‘Sinpalkwang’ (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in Milyang 2012. This was developed from the cross between line ‘HP299’, crossed high yielding variety ‘Palkwang’ and short stem cultivar ‘PI156649’, and ‘Palkwang’. ‘Sinpalkwang’ which is a Virginia plant type had 25 branches per plant and its length of main stem was 41 cm. Each pod has two grains with brown testa and long ellipse-shaped large kernel. Its yield components showed 45 pods per plant, 92 g of 100-seed-weight and 79% of pod shelling ratio in the regional yield trials (RYT). Seed quality showed 45.4% of crude oil and 29.2% of protein content. This variety also showed more resistant to web blotch, compared with reference variety. In the regional yield trials for 3 years ‘Sinpalkwang’ was more productive than reference variety by 28% with 5.4 MT/ha for grain production.