‘Jungmo2501’ (Avena sativa L.), a winter oat for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. The following is the characteristics of ‘Jungmo2501’ that is characterized as light green leaf, yellow brown culm and whitish yellow grain. The heading date of ‘Jungmo2501’ was about 3 days earlier than that of check cultivar ‘Samhan’(May 7 and May 10, respectively). Its plant height was 11 cm longer than 103 cm of the check, and the leaf blade ratio of aerial parts was 26 % higher than the check (11.8% and 9.4%, respectively). The cold tolerance, resistance to lodging and wet injury of ‘Jungmo2501’ were similar to those of the check. The average forage dry matter yield of ‘Jungmo2501’ harvested at milk-ripe stage was 5% higher than the check (15.5 ton ha -1 and 14.7 ton ha -1 , respectively). ‘Jungmo2501’ was higher than the check in terms of protein content (6.6% and 5.9%, respectively), neutral detergent fiber (58.5% and 57.6%, respectively), and acid detergent fiber (34.5% and 32.1%, respectively), while total digestible nutrients was lower than the check (61.6% and 63.6%, respectively), and TDN yield was 0.37 ton ha -1 more than that of the check (9.71 ton ha -1 and 9.34 ton ha -1 , respectively). The silage grade of ‘Jungmo2501’ estimated by Flig score showed level Ⅱ, meaning good quality. Fall sowing cropping of ‘Jungmo2501’ is recommended only for areas where average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than －6°C.

‘Ondami’, a japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Hitomebore having a high grain quality and Sangju27 adaptable to southern mid-mountainous area was developed by the rice breeding team of Sangju Substation, NICS, RDA in 2013. The heading date of ‘Ondami’ is july 27 which is same with ‘Odae’ in Southern mid-mountainous area, mid mountainous, southern alpine area and north-east coastal area of South Korea. ‘Ondami’ has 70cm culm length, 19cm panicle length which is 2cm shorter than those of ‘Odae’ and 78 spikelets per panicle. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows strong resistance to blast, but is susceptible to bacterial blight, virus diseases, and insect pests. The milled rice of ‘Ondami’ exhibits translucent and, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm, and medium short grain shape. This variety has a higher head rice milling recovery ratio(73.1%) and lower amylose content(18.8%) than that of ‘Odae’. The milled rice yield performance of this variety was about 5.29 MT/ha in ordinary cultivation of local adaptability test for three years. ‘Ondami’ could be adaptable to Southern mid-mountainous area, mid mountainous, southern alpine area and north-east coastal area of South Korea.

“Cheongwoo”, a white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. It was derived from the cross “Kanto75/8/Tapdong/4/Bb#1/Jangkwang// STRAMCHO/3/Suwon220/5/Suwon185/ CI12703//Kanto75///Suwon219/7/F1277” and “Keumkang” in 1998 at RDA. “Keumkang” is a semi-hard white winter wheat with high yield. And mother plant is a winter wheat with long culm length, high yield. “Cheongwoo” was evaluated as “Iksan326” in Advanced Yield Trial Test in 2007. It was tested in the regional yield trial test between 2008 and 2009. “Cheongwoo” is first whole crop wheat with long culm length, high-yield. The Heading date of “Cheongwoo” was similar to “Keumkang”. The average forage yield of “Cheongwoo” was about 14.8 ton ha^-1 in dry matter in paddy field. This dry matter was higher than dry matter of “Keumkang” (13.2 ton ha^-1). The cultivar had 97 cm of culm length, 1,070 spikes per m² and it showed better rate of culm. Culm length of “Cheongwoo” were longer than “Keumkang”. This cultivar would be suitable for the area above the daily minimum temperature of -10°C in January in Korean peninsula. Our research will improve good-quality of silage by using winter cereal crops.

‘Goso’, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA for end-use diversity. It was derived from the cross ‘Gobun/Ol” during 1998. ‘Goso’ was released from the line named as ‘Iksan325’ in 2010 after yield trials test in conducted for three years from 2008. ‘Goso’ is an awned, semi-dwarf, red grain and soft winter wheat. The heading and maturity date of ‘Goso’ were similar to ‘Keumkang’. ‘Goso’ had similar test weight (799 g/L) and lower 1,000-grain weight (42.5 g) than ‘Keumkang’ (804 g/L and 46.7 g, respectively). ‘Goso’ showed resistance to winter hardiness and pre-harvest sprouting, which withering rate on the low ridge (4.4%) and lower rate of pre-harvest sprouting (4.0%) than ‘Keumkang’ (1.6% and 29.8%, respectively). ‘Goso’ showed lower flour yield (63.7%), protein content (9.8%), SDS-sedimentation volume (30.0 ml) and gluten content (7.2%) than ‘Keumkang’ (73.6%, 12.6%, 50.0 ㎖ and 10.8%, respectively). It showed larger diameter (88 mm) and top-grade (5) of cookie than ‘Keumkang’ (79 mm and 2, respectively). HMW-GS compositions of ‘Goso’ were 2* in Glu-A1, 7+8 in Glu-B1 and 2.2+12 in Glu-D1, respectively. GBSS composition of ‘Goso’ was same with ‘Keumkang’ and expressed wild type. Pinb-D1 was wild type that was different in ‘Keumkang’. Average yield of ‘Goso’ in the regional adaptation yield trial test was 657 kg/10a in upland and 561 kg/10a in paddy field, which was 21% and 7% higher than those of ‘Keumkang’ (545 kg/10a and 524 kg/10a, respectively).

A novel auricleless bariey (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar ‘Jomi’ was developed which shows high biomass yield, good quality and high ruminant-palatability at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. This cultivar was derived from a cross of the ‘Suwon337’ and ‘Suwon355’ in 1999 and a promising line showing both high yield and lodging resistance through the preliminary and advanced yield trials at Iksan in 2006-2007, was designated as the ‘Iksan 438’. ‘Iksan438’ was conducted to regional yield trials (RYT) in seven locations around Korea for three years from 2008 to 2010, and was released as the name of ‘Jomi’. It has erect plant type, growth habit of Ⅰand green and auricleless leaf . Its heading date was April 23 and maturing date was May 25 in paddy field, 3 days and 1 day earlier than ‘Youngyang’, respectively. The cultivar showed 90cm of culm length, 846 spikes per m2, high rate of leaf blades, resistance to BaYMV and better winter hardiness than that of ‘Youngyang’, The average forage yield of ‘Jomi’ was about 10.3 ton ha^-1 in dry matter (28 ton ha^-1 in fresh matter) in paddy field with 8.3% of crude protein content, 26.2% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 48.3% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), 68.2% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients) and grade Ⅱ of silage quality. This cultivar would be suitable for the area above the daily minimum temperature of -8°Cin January in Korean peninsula.

‘Boanchal’, a new covered waxy barley cultivar derived from crossing the ‘Suwon232’ and ‘Masangwamaeg’ with early maturing and colored waxy endosperm cultivars, respectively was developed at the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2009. ‘Boanchal’ is characterized as the growth habit of Ⅲ, green leaf, medium spike and long rough awns. The heading date was April 24 in upland and April 17 in paddy field which was 2 and 1 day, respectively earlier than check cultivar, ‘Seodunchal’. The culm length of ‘Boanchal’ was 79 cm, which was 11 cm shorter than that of check cultivar. It showed spike length of 3.5 cm, 854 spikes per m², 43 grains per spike, and 28.0 g of 1,000-grain weight. Comparing to check cultivar, ‘Boanchal’showed stronger winter hardiness, but a similar resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV). It had purple grain and showed higher expansion rate than that of check cultivar, ‘Seodunchal’. Average yield of ‘Boanchal’ in the regional adaptation yield trial (RYT) was 2.96 MT/ha in upland and 3.91 MT/ha in paddy field. ‘Boanchal’ would be suitable for the area above -8°C of daily minimum temperature in January in Korean peninsula.

A new naked oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar ‘Suyang’ was developed by National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. It was derived from the cross between ‘Sikyonggwiri’ and ‘Gwiri23’. Subsequent generations were handled in a bulk method and pedigree selection program, and ‘SO96025-B-303-44-2-4’ was selected for agronomic appearance in 2002. The line showed both high yield and good husking rate of seed in the Yield Trial tested at Suwon in 2003 to 2004, being designated as ‘Gwiri56’. The ‘Gwiri56’ was subsequently evaluated for winter hardiness, earliness, and yield in four locations, Gimje, Iksan, Jeongeup and Jinju from 2005 to 2010 and was released as the name of ‘Suyang’. ‘Suyang’ had 11 days earlier heading date and 6 days earlier maturing time than the check cultivar ‘Seonyang’ in field condition. The ‘Suyang’ had 23.7 cm of spike length, 568 spikes per m², 73 grains per spike, 29.2 g of 1,000-grain weight, and 646 g of test weight. ‘Suyang’ showed better winter hardiness than that of the check cultivar ‘Seonyang’, and similar seed quality to the check cultivar in respect to crude protein (11.3%) and β-glucan content (4.7%). However, it showed higher husking rate than that of check cultivar. The grain yield of ‘Suyang’ in the regional yield trial for 4 years was averaged 4.35 MT ha^-1, which was 29% higher than that of the check cultivar ‘Seonyang’. ‘Suyang’ is recommended for fall sowing cropping only in the south area where daily minimum mean temperatures are averaged higher than -4°C in January.

‘Joongmo2004’, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. It was derived from the cross ‘Bacanora88/Keumkang//Keumkang’ during 1996. ‘Joongmo2004’ was evaluated as ‘Iksan320’ in advance yield trial test in 2006. It was tested in the regional yield trial test between 2007 and 2009. Its heading date was April 26 in upland and April 23 in paddy filed conditions, and Maturity date was June 5 in upland and June 4 in paddy field, which were similar to Keumkang, respectively. It showed 830 in number of spikes per m², 35 of grain number per spike, 44.9g of 1,000 grain weight, and 806g of test weight. ‘Joongmo2004’ showed moderate to fusarium graminearum (Scab) in test of specific character although ‘Keumkang’ is susceptible to scab. ‘Joongmo2004’ had higher flour yield (75.5%) than ‘Keumkang’(72.5%). ‘Joongmo2004’ showed similar ash (0.42%), lower protein content (12.3%), SDS-sedimentation volume (43.0 ml) and gluten content (10.3%) than ‘Keumkang’ (0.42%, 13.1%, 57.8ml and 10.8%, respectively). It showed higher lightness (89.97), redness (-1.38) and yellowness (10.76) in flour color than ‘Keumkang’ (89.61, -1.15 and 9.46, respectively). ‘Joongmo2004’ exhibited lower hardness (3.50N), similar springiness and higher cohesiveness of cooked noodles (0.92 and 0.65) compared to ‘Keumkang’ (4.54N, 0.93, and 0.63, respectively). The average grain yield in the regional yield trial was 517 kg/10a in upland and 534 kg/10a in paddy field, which were 11% lower and 3% higher than that of the check cultivar, ‘Keumkang’, respectively.

‘Joongmo2003’, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. It was derived from the cross ‘SW86054/Keumkang’ during 1997. ‘Joongmo2003’ was evaluated as ‘Iksan318’ in advance yield trial test in 2006. It was tested in the regional yield trial test between 2007 and 2009. Its heading date was April 24 in upland and April 21 in paddy filed conditions, which was two days earlier than those of the check cultivar ‘Keumkang’, respectively, and maturity date was June 4 in upland and June 2 in paddy field, one or two days earlier than those of ‘Keumkang’, respectively. ‘Joongmo2003’ showed resistance to winter hardiness and pre-harvest sprouting, which lower withering rate on the low ridge (0.3%) and rate of pre-harvest sprouting (18.5%) than ‘Keumkang’ (9.2 and 25.8%, respectively). ‘Joongmo2003’ showed similar protein content (13.2%), lower SDS-sedimentation volume (54.0 ml) and higher gluten content (11.7%) than ‘Keumkang’ (13.1%, 57.8ml and 10.8%, respectively). It showed higher lightness (89.85) of flour and noodle dough sheet than ‘Keumkang’ (89.81 and 80.28, respectively). ‘Joongmo2003’ exhibited similar hardiness (3.84N), springiness and cohesiveness of cooked noodles (0.92 and 0.63) compared to ‘Keumkang’ (4.54N, 0.93, and 0.63, respectively). The average grain yield in the regional yield trial was 555 kg/10a in upland and 485 kg/10a in paddy field, which were 4% and 7% lower than those of the check cultivar, ‘Keumkang’, respectively.