Hwangmichal, a yellow waxy corn hybrid, is a single cross hybrid developed in 2014. This hybrid was created by crossing the seed parent KY30 and pollen parent KY9. Hwangmichal has yellow kernels with a conico-cylindrical ear shape. The days to silking of Hwangmichal were similar to that of Ilmichal, a check hybrid. The ear height ratio of Hwangmichal was 50%, which was lower than that of Ilmichal, and its number of tillers was less than that of Ilmichal. The ear size of Hwangmichal was smaller than that of Ilmichal and the kernel set ratio was 89%. Its sensory evaluation was better than that of Ilmichal. The carotenoid content of Hwangmichal was 32.2 µg/g, which was much higher than that of Ilmichal. Lodging resistance of Hwangmichal was better than that of Ilmichal. Although the number of fresh ears of Hwangmichal was more than that of Ilmichal, the weight of fresh ears was lower than that of Ilmichal. The flowering period of its parent lines was well matched and seed production was 3:1 at a planting density of parent lines of more than 2:1. It is adaptable to the whole country except for Jeju-do. The plant variety protection right of Hwangmichal was registered in June 2017, and its grant number is 6728.

‘Daanok’, a new maize F₁ hybrid (Zea mays L.), is developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2013. The high-yielding hybrid, named ‘Daanok’ was bred by crossing between two inbred lines, ‘KS174’ and ‘KS175’. It is a yellow semi-flint maize hybrid (Zea mays L.). After preliminary yield trial and advanced yield trial of Daanok in Suwon for two years, regional yield trial of that was subsequently carried out for evaluation of its growth and yield at three different locations from 2011 to 2013. The silking date of Daanok is earlier than that of the check hybrid, ‘Jangdaok’. The plant height of Daanok is 229cm, similar to Jangdaok, and its ear height ratio is similar with that of Jangdaok.It has resistance to lodging. There are much of the No. of ear per 100 plants. The ear length of Daanok is similar with that of Jangdaok. The weight of 100 seeds of Daanok is the same with that of Jangdaok. It has strong resistance to northern leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) and southern leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis). It has strong resistance to ear lot. It has moderate resistance to corn borer. The grain yield (7.34 ton/ha) of Daanok was 23% higher than that of Jangdaok. The seed production of Daanok has gone well due to a good synchronization of flowering period during crossing between the seed parent, KS174, and the pollen parent, KS175, in Yeongwol and F1 seed yield was 2.38 ton/ha. Daanok would be a suitable cultivar to all plain area in Korea.

Bakanae (foolish seedling) disease caused by Gibberella fujikuroi creates serious problems in the foremost rice growing countries. This study was conducted to identify new resistance genetic sources to Bakanae disease. Bioassay showed that 11 varieties including Gwangmyeongbyeo, Hawn, Wonseadaesoo, Erguailai etc. were resistant to bakanae disease among 254 rice germplasm. Mismatch ratio between phenotype on bakanae disease bioassay and allele type of RM9, a SSR marker closely linked the bakanae disease resistant QTL, qBK1, were 38.3%. These results suggest that RM9 might be used for selecting qBK1, but it cannot be used for wide range of rice germplasm. Resistant germplasm in this study might be have resistant genes different from qBK1. The eleven varieties resistant to selected in this study will be used to identify new resistant alleles or genes to improve bakanae disease resistance in rice.

In order to develop a hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) cultivar which is suitable for cropping after the rice harvest in middle and northern regions because the cultivar can stably pass the winter season and produce much green manure, the National Institute of Crop Science developed the ‘Ontobi’, an elite cultivar through the method of line breeding after having selected good plants with superior growth rate which were derived from the germplasm ‘Ch4 (introduced from China)’. As main characteristics, ‘Ontobi’ has vivid green leaves during the blooming period and its stem hair’s density is high, and its blooming period is May 15 on average nationwide, and its average blooming period is 5 days later than that of ‘Cheongpoongbora’ the check variety. The Ontobi’s overwintering rate is 87% on average, showing 2% higher than that of the check variety, and its dry matter yield is 5.44 ton/ha on average, showing 17% more than that of the check variety, and its nitrogen content is 172kg/ha on average, showing 13% more than that of the check variety. ‘Ontobi’ can be cultivated in every region nationwide having its average lowest temperature in January is over -15°C.

A ‘Hayanchal95’, a new waxy corn hybrid, is a single cross hybrid developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration(RDA) in 2011. This hybrid was made by crossing between seed parent KW44 and pollen parent KW35. Days to silking of Hayanchal95 was three days earlier than Ilmichal, a check hybrid. Ear length and diameter of Hayanchal95 were 18.3 cm and 4.1 cm, respectively. The ratio of kernel set length to ear length was 90% and lower than Ilmichal. Its quality characteristics like amylopectin content, hardness of kernels, and value of sensory evaluation were not significantly different from Ilmichal except grain length. Resistance to corn borer and lodging tolerance of Hayanchal95 were better than Ilmichal. The number of fresh ears was similar to those of Ilmichal and weight of fresh ears was lower than Ilmichal in regional yield trials (RYT) from 2009 to 2011. Although flowering time of its parent lines was good match during crossing between the seed and pollen parents, seed production was low. It is adaptable to the whole country. Plant variety protection right of ‘Hayanchal95’ was registered in July 2014, and its grant number is 5110.

A single cross hybrid, ‘Godangok’, is a yellow sweet corn developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) in 2011. This hybrid was produced by crossing between KSE5 and KSE19. KSE5 is a seed parent and KSE19 is a pollen parent of Godangok. Days to silking of Godangok was 3 days later than Danok 3, a check hybrid. Ear length and diameter of Godangok were 17.6 cm and 4.4 cm, respectively. The ratio of kernel set length to ear length was 87.1%. These characteristics of ear were similar to those of the check hybrid. However, the Degree Brix was 24.3 °Bx, higher than the check hybrid, 14.1 °Bx. Lodging tolerance of Godangok was better than the check hybrid. The number and weight of fresh ear of Godangok were similar to those of the check hybrid in regional yield trials (RYT) from 2009 to 2011. Seed production of this hybrid is good due to good match between the seed and pollen parent. It is adaptable to the whole country. Plant variety protection right of ‘Godangok’ was registered in July 2014, and its grant number is 5094.

A new naked oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar ‘Suyang’ was developed by National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. It was derived from the cross between ‘Sikyonggwiri’ and ‘Gwiri23’. Subsequent generations were handled in a bulk method and pedigree selection program, and ‘SO96025-B-303-44-2-4’ was selected for agronomic appearance in 2002. The line showed both high yield and good husking rate of seed in the Yield Trial tested at Suwon in 2003 to 2004, being designated as ‘Gwiri56’. The ‘Gwiri56’ was subsequently evaluated for winter hardiness, earliness, and yield in four locations, Gimje, Iksan, Jeongeup and Jinju from 2005 to 2010 and was released as the name of ‘Suyang’. ‘Suyang’ had 11 days earlier heading date and 6 days earlier maturing time than the check cultivar ‘Seonyang’ in field condition. The ‘Suyang’ had 23.7 cm of spike length, 568 spikes per m², 73 grains per spike, 29.2 g of 1,000-grain weight, and 646 g of test weight. ‘Suyang’ showed better winter hardiness than that of the check cultivar ‘Seonyang’, and similar seed quality to the check cultivar in respect to crude protein (11.3%) and β-glucan content (4.7%). However, it showed higher husking rate than that of check cultivar. The grain yield of ‘Suyang’ in the regional yield trial for 4 years was averaged 4.35 MT ha^-1, which was 29% higher than that of the check cultivar ‘Seonyang’. ‘Suyang’ is recommended for fall sowing cropping only in the south area where daily minimum mean temperatures are averaged higher than -4°C in January.

‘Cheongpoongbora’, a winter hairy vetch variety (Vicia villosa Roth) for green manure use, was developed from the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2009. Among the genetic resourced collected in Daegu, early flowering, strongly resistant to cold, and high yield in green manure, was selected by pedigree selection method. Over the two years from 2008 to 2009, regional yield trial test was conducted with the line in four regions: Suwon, Iksan, Milyang, and Yeongdeok. As a result, in December 2009, it was named ‘Cheongpoongbora’ as a new variety. ‘Cheongpoongbora’ features medium green color leaves, medium density hair, and black seed coat. Flowering season for the variety was on April 29 on average across the nation, 11 days earlier than the check variety ‘Welta’. Also, it was more resistant to cold than ‘Welta’. The dry matter yield was average 5.20 tons per ha, 5.9% higher than ‘Welta’ (4.92 tons), the nitrogen yield was average 166 kg per ha, 6.4% higher than ‘Welta’ (156 kg). ‘Cheongpoongbora’ can be cultivated in any national regions which have the daily minimum mean temperature of over -15°C in January.

Cheongdaok, a new single maize (Zea mays L.) variety, was developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2010. This high-yielding hybrid was produced by crossing two inbred lines, KS159 and KS155. KS159 is the seed parent and KS155 is the pollen parent of Cheongdaok. It is a yellow dent maize hybrid. After the preliminary yield trial and advanced yield trial of Cheongdaok in Suwon for two years, the regional yield trial was subsequently carried out for evaluation of its growth characteristics and yield at four different locations from 2008 to 2010. The silking date of Cheongdaok is one day earlier than that of the check hybrid, Kwangpyeongok. Compared to Kwangpyeongok, the Cheongdaok show short in plant height and low in ear height ratio. It has resistance to lodging. The stay-green degree and the ear ratio of Cheongdaok are similar to Kwangpyeongok. It has moderate resistance to southern leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis) and strong resistance to northern leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum). It has moderate resistance to black streaked dwarf virus (BSDV), ear lot, and corn borer. The dry matter yield 20.24 ton/ha and the total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield (13.80 ton/ha) of Cheongdaok were similar to Kwangpyeongok. The grain yield (8.51 ton/ha) of Cheongdaok was higher than that of Jangdaok. The seed production of Cheongdaok was well processed due to a good synchronization of flowering period during crossing between the seed parent KS159 and the pollen parent KS155, and the F1 seed yield was 1.8 ton/ha in Yeongwol.